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Value of ~(18)F-FDG PET-CT imaging and CT perfusion in evaluation of metabolic and blood flow char-acteristics of breast Cancer

Caixia WANG ; Degui ZU ; Jing CHEN ; Qingwei LIU ; Fang LIU ; Yanming WANG

Journal of International Oncology.2009;36(11):870-873. doi:10.3760/cma.j.jssn.1673-422X.2009.11.024

Objective To explore the value of ~(18)F 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose(~(18)F-FDG)positron e-mission tomography (PET)/computed tomographic (CT) imaging and CT perfusion in evaluating metabolic and blood flow characteristics in breast cancer.Methods 32 women with untreated breast masses were both ex-amined with ~(18)F-FDG PET/CT and CT perfusion at the same day.All the lesions were confirmed histopothologi-cally by surgery or biopsy.The PET/CT images were analyzed semi-quantitatively.CT perfusion images were analyzed using the GE perfusion 3 soft package.The findings of two modalities above were commed with patho-logical diagnosis.Results There were significant differences between standardized uptake values (SUVs) of ~(18)F-FDG of benign tumors and breast cancer (Wilcoxon test:P=0.000 3,T=15.000,u=3.433,C=1).Differ-ences of SUVs between the center and periphery of breast Inasses were also significant.In addition.the SUVs were related to the pathological type and the grading of tumors.In the CT perfnsion,the differences of perfusion including bloodflow (BF),blood volume(BV)and permeability surface area product (PS) values between tumor and normal breast tissue were statistically significant(t=8.065,P<0.000 1;t=2.769 1,P=0.011 5;T~+=253.000 0,T~- =0.000 0,P<0.000 1)respectively.The differences of BF,BV and PS values between pe-ripheral zone and central portions of tumor were also statistically significant (t=8.015 8,P<0.000 1;t=2.243 4,P=O.017 9;t=3.485 7,P=0.002 2),respectively.Conclusion ~(18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging and CT peffusion reveal the metabolic and blood flow characteristics,and reflect biological behavior of breast tumor indirectly and have important value for the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.

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Clinical significance of DNA aberrant methylation in bladder cancer

Shanshan XU

Journal of International Oncology.2009;36(11):865-867. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2009.11.022

Hie morbidity and mortality of bladder cancer are both the highest among urinary cancers in China. As a critical component of epigenetics, DNA abnormal methylation plays an important role during the occurrence and progression of bladder cancer. Recently, researchers focusing on the DNA methylation in bladder cancer have done much on it The results are of great clinical significance for screening,diagnosis and therapy of bladder cancer.

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HIF-1α and malignant tumors of digestive system

Ying GUO

Journal of International Oncology.2009;36(11):861-864. doi:10.3760/cma.j.jssn.1673-422X.2009.11.021

Hie expression of hypoxia-inducible factor- 1a ( HIF-1a) is one of the important factors that cause most solid tumors rapid growth in hypoxic microenvironment, HIF-1a plays an important role in tumor angjogenesis, cell proliferation, metastasis and apoptosis. Similarly, HIF-1a also plays important biological roles in the occurrence and progression of digestive system carcinomas, such as esophagus cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer. HIF-1a can be used as one of the important molecular markers in prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.

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Histopathological regression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal carcinoma

Shubo DING

Journal of International Oncology.2009;36(11):858-861. doi:10.3760/cma.j.jssn.1673-422X.2009.11.020

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has become a standard treatment of locally advanced rectal carcinomas. There is a close correlation between histopathological regression after preoperative CRT and prognosis. To identify the markers for histopathological regression is significant for clinical treatment. Different strategies of chemoradiotherapy, application of targeted drugs in neoadjuvant chemothercepy and internal from neoodjuvant to operation are correlated with histopathological regression.

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Relation between inhibitor of apoptosis protein Apollon and tumor

Yuanyuan LIU

Journal of International Oncology.2009;36(11):833-836. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2009.11.011

Apollon is a member of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. It can inhibit apoptosis through inter-action with Smac, HtrA2 and caspase. Apollon is highly expressed in a variety of tumors, such as leukemia, breast cancer, brain cancer, carcinoma of mouth and carcinoma of stomach. Apollon may relate with genesis and prognosis of tumor . It also may lead to drug resistance of certain tumors.

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CD4~+T lymphocytes and tumor immunity

Meixiu ZENG

Journal of International Oncology.2009;36(11):821-824. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-422X.2009.11.007

CD4~+T helper cells not only activate CD8~+T cells,but also play a pivotal role in the gener- ation and maintenance of memorial cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL).In addition, it is shown that CD4~+T cells have direct anti-tumor function.However,CD4~+ CD25~+ regulatory T cells(Tregs) negatively control immune re-sponse,and play an important role in immunosuppression and immune escape, it is considered as a key reason for ineffective immunotherapy.In recent years,there is great progress in cancer immunotherapy,and relevant cancer vaccines have attracted a wide spread attention.

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Study on murine Heps hepatoma tissue after mesenchymal stem cells inoculation

Xinlei LV ; Nanzheng ZHANG ; Fuxing CHEN ; Junquan LIU ; Zhonghai ZHOU ; Leiqing SUN

Journal of International Oncology.2009;36(11):873-878. doi:10.3760/cma.j.jssn.1673-422X.2009.11.025

Objective To observe the local immue response and changes of angiogenic factors of tumor cells in Heps-bearing mice after mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) are administrated. And to explore the feasibility and safety of MSC for liver tumors therapy. Methods MSC were obtained through adherent culture method. Phe-notypes of MSC were analyzed by flow cytometry. MSC were labeled with DAPI in vitro. 54 Mice of 8 weeks of age with subcutaneously transplanted liver carcinomas were developed randomly. When the maximal diameters of the tumor reached 0.5 - 0.8cm, they were divided into three groups randomly: MSC group, DAPI group and NS control group. 2 × 10~6 MSC and MSC marked by DAPI were administrated into the mice right rear back tumor tissue. The survival time of the tumor-bearing mice was recorded and the mean survival time was calculated. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to count CD4~+ T cells and CD8~+ T cells in the local tumor,as well as to examine the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) in tumor cells. Results In the MSC group,the mean survival time was 45 d (95%CI;33 ～56 d) ,in the NS control group, the mean survival time was 33 d ( 95%CI : 28 ～ 37 d). There was a statistical significance in the difference between them ( P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining results showed as follow: the number of CD4~+ T cells and CD8~+ T cells in the MSC group decreased significantly in comparison with the NS control group at early stage. The expression of VEGF also decreased obviously in comparison with the NS control group and induced tumor cells necrosis at late stage. The survival time of MSC group was prolonged. Conclusion MSC can engraft in Heps-bearing tumor tissue, and inhibit T lymphocyte cellular immunity at early stage. It can reduce the number of CD4~+ T cells and CD8~+ T cells and promote tumor growth. MSC can down regulate VEGF expression and induce tumor cells necrosis at late stage. By this way,it can prolong the survival time of Heps-bearing mice.

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Proton therapy in prostate cancer

Jianguang ZHANG ; Suwen LIU

Journal of International Oncology.2009;36(11):867-869. doi:10.3760/cma.j.jssn.1673-422X.2009.11.023

Proton beams have special physical properties, proton therapy for prostate cancer can increase the radiation dose of targets,significantly reduce the doses delivered to organs at risk, reduce the probability of normal tissue complication and secondary malignancies, improve overall survival in patients with localized prostate cancer.

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Kiss-1 gene and metastasis of malignant tumor

Xiaokai MA

Journal of International Oncology.2009;36(11):830-833. doi:10.3760/cma.j.jssn.1673-422X.2009.11.010

Kiss-1 gene is an anti-oncogene which is correlative with the genesis and progress of various human malignant tumors.it plays an important role in process of tumor invasion and metastasis. Kiss-1 gene is associated closely with metastasis of melanoma,breast cancer,gastric carcinoma,esophageal cancer and differentiated thyroid carcinoma and so on,but the mechanism is not fully elucidated. Therefore,the detection of Kiss-1 gene expression will be valuable for the treatment and prognosis of malignant tumor.

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Research progression of microenviroment hypoxia influencing DNA damage-repair in tumour cells

Liumei TONG ; Libo FENG ; Xueguan LU

Journal of International Oncology.2009;36(11):812-814. doi:10.3760/cma.j.jssn.1673-422X.2009.11.004

Microenviroment hypoxia is one of the common phenomenon in cancer,studies have indiacat-ed that hypoxia induces genetic instability via activating many DNA danlage-repair signal pathways,which asso-ciates with tumor invasion and resistance and chemi-radiotherapy resistivity.Here,we overview three main DNA damage-repair pathways:mismatch repair,homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining,and how hypoxia influences their mechanisms.

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