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Effect of integrin signaling pathway on proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cell

International Journal of Pediatrics.2011;38(1):47-50. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2011.01.017

Many cardiovascular diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerotic plaque formation and restenosis after angioplasty, are charaterized by vascular remodeling resulting from migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Integin receptors can activate the expression of related genes through the corresponding signal pathway, and lead to vascular smooth muscle cell' s proliferation and migration and other biological behavioral change, which may be a new hotspot of pathogenesis and intervention of vascular remodeling.

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Progress in treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adolescents

Na ZHANG

International Journal of Pediatrics.2011;38(1):38-40. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2011.01.014

The development of effective therapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the greatest successes of clinical oncology. However, cure rates for adults with ALL remain relatively low. Adolescents are the special population between children and adults. These patients group will be received protocol from either pediatric or adult oncologists depending on referral pattern. In recent years, researchers from abroad large cooperative groups show pediatric-based protocol has better outcome than adult-based protocol. In this article, the protocol of ALL in children and adults are compared . It seems the first and probably the most important reason is the dose intensity of the nonmyelosuppressive chemotherapeutic agents, especially asparaginase.

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Changes and significance of serum prealbumin, bilirubin/albumin ratio and BAEP in early neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

Haowen WANG ; Jinbao HUANG

International Journal of Pediatrics.2011;38(1):91-93. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2011.01.032

Objective To evaluate the significance of serum prealbumin, bilirubin/albumin( B/A )ratio and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP)for early predicting the bilirubinic neurotoxicity caused by early neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Methods According to the gestational age, birth weight and the intervention criterion of neonatal jaundice, 94 neonates (newborn infants with a age of 1-7days) with hyperbilirubinemia were divided into two groups, one was term neonates with normal BAEP, the other was term neonates with abnormal BAEP. We detected their serum levels of total bilirubine, prealbumin, BAEP and calculated B/A ratio. Result The prealbumin levels was significantly lower and B/A ratio was higher in group of abnormal BAEP than those of control group ( P < 0. 01 ), while the levels of total bilirubin were not significantly different between the two groups ( P > 0. 05 ). In group of abnormal BAEP , there was a negative correlation between the level of serum prealbumin and the B/A ratio (r = -0. 637, P <0. 01 ). Conclution Prealbumin may be a sensitive indicator for early predicting bilirubinic toxicity like B/A ratio and BAEP.

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A review on the gene of the caudal-type homeobox gene -2 in leukemia

Yingxia LI

International Journal of Pediatrics.2011;38(1):85-88. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2011.01.030

The gene of the caudal-type homeobox gene -2 ( CDX2), a member of the CDX family, is a principal regulator in the development of embryogenesis and haematogenesis . Recent studies have shown aberrant expression of CDX2 in each subtype of leukemia and its involvement in the genesis, progress and prognosis of leukemia as new gene. CDX2 may be a potential gene maker of leukemia in minimal residual disease detection.Studies also suggested that CDX2 be involved in leukemia by modulating HOX gene. To further investigate the mechanism of CDX2 in leukemia can be of great significance for the prediction of relapse and the individualized and targeted therapy.

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Interaction between influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae

Tianhua WAN

International Journal of Pediatrics.2011;38(1):74-76. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2011.01.026

The mortality cases caused by influenza virus are offen associated with the secondary bacterial infection, Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in particularly. The mechanisms underlying the interaction between the virus and the bacteria are unclear at present. The damage of normal protective epithelial layer and changes in airway function caused by influenza virus provides increased numbers of attachment sites and culture spaces for the bacteria. The effect of influenza on immune system is a further opportunity for subsequent bacterial infection. The synergistic effect between influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae might not be unidirectional. The bacteria caused the secondary infection could enhance the pathogenicity of the virus. The bacterium-derived proteases could cleave hemagglutinin to its active components that are required for infectivity of the virus. The effect of the bacteria on the virus could enhance the lethality of the primary viral disease, which can explain why antibiotic therapy was less successful to treat the influenza patient with subsequent bacteria infection. Effective strategies to prevent and treat the severe diseases could be suggested based on the knowledge of interaction between virus and bacteria.

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Progress on children traumatic cerebral infarction

Huimin HU

International Journal of Pediatrics.2011;38(1):65-67. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2011.01.023

There are many causes of children cerebral infarction, including cerebrovascular malformation,autoimmune cerebrovascular phlogistic, infection, trauma and the high state of blood coagulation. Because the brain development is not mature, the children is the high-risk group of traumatic cerebral infarction. The early diagnosis of traumatic cerebral infarctions relies on the dynamic performance of the clinical observation, taking head CT or MRI quickly, especially diffusion-weighted imaging, which is more sensitive on the judgement of acute cerebral infarction period. Common sites of traumatic cerebral infarction are basal ganglia. The infarcts are usually small. Treatment on traumatic cerebral infarction must give priority to non-operation. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can provide better prognosis than adults.

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Study of dilated cardiomyopathy and phospholamban

Xueming ZHENG

International Journal of Pediatrics.2011;38(1):53-55. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2011.01.019

It is discovered that dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is not only affected by environmental factors, but also has a significant genetic basis. Phospholamban ( PLN ), one of these related genes, is a prominent regulator of myocardial contractility, It is an important regulatory factor for heart muscle contraction. It can regulate the activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase ( SERCA2a), and inhibit SERCA2a activity through restricting the Ca2+ flow in myocardial cells. The activity of SERCA2a can be improved by lowering the expression of PLNmRNA, and the affinity of SERCA2a is strengthened, so that the heart's activity is improved.

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Progress of cardial troponin and the injury after transcatheter closure of congenital heart disease

Guiming YANG ; Feng LIU

International Journal of Pediatrics.2011;38(1):44-46. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2011.01.016

That thranscatheter therapy of congenital heart disease (CHD) can cause myocardial injury is one of the focal points of attention in disciplines. Cardiac troponin (cTn) with its high specificity and sensitivity becomes special myocardial injury measure indicators. The types of CHD, the sizes of defect and occluder, the degree of stenosis, and the patients age and body weight, with their influence due to the concentrations of cTn,can be tested as associated risk factors of the myocardial injury.

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Progress in diagnosis and treatment of neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia

Liying YANG

International Journal of Pediatrics.2011;38(1):13-15. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2011.01.005

Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a complication of mechanical ventilation and also important types of nosocomial infection. With the extensive use of ventilators, neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia in a growing trend severely affected the success rate of the critically ill neonates, which has become a neonatal ventilator dependence and major cause of death. Taking reasonable and timely diagnosis and treatment is an urgent issue. This article focuses on the current diagnosis and treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia in progress,especially in the diagnosis of etiology and treatment.

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Advances of study in patients with orthostatic hypotension

Heli YUAN

International Journal of Pediatrics.2011;38(1):10-12. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2011.01.004

Orthostatic hypotension(OH) is a series of clinical symptoms which are caused by reduction of venous return and temporary ischemia of cerebral blood flow when the body standing up from a supine. When postural changes, the blood pressure will decreased. It always permance as dizziness, fainting, and etc. It makes adverse effects in daily life.

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