Journal Detail Information

1

Cite

Share

The epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Hubei Province, China

Qi CHEN ; Yang WU ; Chuding CHEN ; Man LIU ; Rui YANG ; Siquan WANG ; Xingxing LU ; Yinbo LUO ; Yeqing TONG ; Xuhua GUAN

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(3):1-5. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.03.001

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of the novel coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19), and to scientifically guide the prevention and control of COVID-19 in Hubei Province. Methods All COVID-19 cases reported online in Hubei Province as of March 31, 2020 were extracted from Hubei^'s Infectious Disease Information System. The epidemic curve, age and sex characteristics, and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the COVID-19 cases were analyzed. Results As of March 31, 2020, a total of 70 764 cases were reported in Hubei Province, including 49 195 confirmed cases. A total of 4 579 deaths occurred among the confirmed cases, and the reported case fatality rate was 6.47%. The peak of the onset of symptoms occurred from January 20 to February 14, 2020. The sex ratio of male to female of the confirmed cases was 0.99: 1, and most were 30-69 years old. The cases diagnosed before January 5 were mainly reported by Wuhan City. From January 6 to January 31, all counties and districts in the province reported that the incidence of confirmed COVID-19 cases began to rise, and about 50% counties reported that the morbidity rate of confirmed COVID-19 cases was over 10 cases per 100 000. The morbidity rate of COVID-19 cases rose rapidly between February 1-15, and then gradually reached its peak after February 16. Conclusion Wuhan City of Hubei Province first discovered and reported the COVID-19 outbreak. The onset of symptoms peaked in January 20 to February 14, and the 30-69 years old group was the key population. Many measures such as restricting personnel movement, reducing contact, and strengthening health education played an important role in controlling the outbreak of COVID-19 in Hubei.

2

Cite

Share

A new approach of health management development after COVID-19 pandemic

Xiaodong TAN ; Jundong CHEN ; Heping YANG ; Qin LIU

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(3):6-9. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.03.002

After the New Coronary Pneumonia pandemic, people^'s social behavior has changed, and the current health management and development approaches should also change accordingly. This article analyzes the changes of social behavior during different anti-epidemic periods, demonstrates the necessity and possibility to change the current health management formats and development paths, and proposes a new concept of family-centered health management. The main target of the current urgent need for family health management is to expand the household entry units, build learning and sports units, etc. This article provides ideas for health management in the post-pandemic era.

3

Cite

Share

Analysis of models of infectious disease dynamics of COVID-19

Yashu LIU ; Qiun WU ; Yihan LU ; Yuhong ZHAO

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(3):10-13. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.03.003

Objectives To analyze the studies about predicting COVID-19 by math models, to provide evidences and experiences to reduce the hazard of COVID-19. Methods PubMed, CNKI and other databases were searched for studies involving math models of COVID-19, and the studies were compared with each other and the real data. Results A total of 21 publications were included. SIR, SEIR and other models were used to predict the prevalence and evaluate the interventions. The results were predicted by SEIR^+CAQ model were the closest to the actual situation. And the control measures have effectively restrained COVID-19. Conclusion Characteristics of COVID-19 and prevention measures should be concerned, when predicting the epidemic trend of COVID-19.

4

Cite

Share

Analysis of psychological behavior of college students in Wuhan during the COVID-19 epidemic

Han XIAO ; Liyan WANG ; Chenchang XIAO ; Hong YAN

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(3):14-18. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.03.004

Objective To analyze the psychological and behavioral status and influencing factors of college students during the epidemic of COVID-19 in Wuhan. Methods The students from two universities in Wuhan area were selected by stratified cluster sampling, and the self-designed questionnaires were used to conduct the online survey. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0. Results Among 3 966 college students surveyed in this study, the proportion of students in Wuhan who thought that their own infection probability was higher than others (11.25%), that their family members were more likely to be infected (15.29%), that they were very worried about their own infection (22.93%), that they were very worried about the infections in the same community (25.27%), and that their own infection risk was higher than others (9.77%), was higher than those of students in other three regions. The total incidence of depression was 27.10%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the humanities and social science majors living in the city, worrying about the infection of themselves and their families, feeling that they had a higher chance of infection than other, being not optimistic about the epidemic situation, and thinking that the infection had a great impact on people's emotions were the risk factors of depression during the epidemic. Conclusion College students in Wuhan had psychological and behavioral problems during the COVID-19 epidemic. These problems were related to whether they were located in the epidemic area and whether they were worried about infections.

5

Cite

Share

Investigation and analysis of the status of new coronavirus contamination in biosafety laboratories

Yanwei LI ; Qili ZENG ; Yongzhong JIANG ; Bo YU ; Kun CAI ; Xixiang HUO ; Jun LI ; Miaomiao YUE

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(3):19-21. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.03.005

Objective To understand the status of new coronavirus contamination in the biosafety laboratory environment, identify key areas prone to contamination, and provide evidence for disinfection of central objects. Methods surfaces of high-frequency contact environment and protective equipment were sampled with moistened sterile cotton swabs after experiment and before disinfection, the results of the one-step real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of open reading frame 1ab and N fragment were used to evaluate the pollution status. Results Environmental surveys found 4 of 217 samples of environmental objects to be positive for new coronavirus RNA, that positive rate was 1.84%. Among them, BSL-3, BSL-2, and BSL-1 were sampled 23, 184, and 10 respectively. The 3 positive samples were from surfaces of nucleic acid extraction room of BSL-2 and from the handles of pass-through box, laboratory door handles and the outer surface of the alcohol watering pot respectively. The 1 positive sample was from the forearm of the protective clothing in BSL-2 laboratory. Conclusion There was a certain degree of virus pollution in key areas of the new coronavirus laboratory. The BSL-2 laboratory has a higher risk of environmental pollution than the BSL-3 and BSL-1 laboratories.

6

Cite

Share

Study on the effect of chlorine disinfectants on the destruction of New coronavirus nucleic acid

Maoyi CHEN ; Jie HU ; Chunlin MAO ; Tao SHI ; Ting CHEN ; Yujie ZENG ; Bin LI ; Qiong YI ; Hu LI ; Li WANG

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(3):22-24. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.03.006

Objective To observe the destructive effects of chlorine disinfectants on the nucleic acid of novel coronavirus, and to assess the feasibility of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technology for the evaluation of the disinfection effect of novel coronavirus. Methods A suspension quantitative inactivation test was used to observe the inactivation effects of different concentrations of chlorine containing disinfectants and different action times on the novel coronavirus. RT-PCR method was used to detect novel coronavirus nucleic acid for the disinfection effect evaluation. Results The chlorine disinfectants of 1 000 mg/L and 2 000 mg/L could destroy the nucleic acid of ew coronavirusafter application for over 30s. The chlorine disinfectant of 750 mg/L could destroy the nucleic acid of new coronavirusafter application for over 15min. Chlorine disinfectant of 500 mg/L could not completely destroy the nucleic acid of new coronavirusafter 30 min action. Conclusion The disinfection method stipulated in the national prevention and control plan using 1 000mg / L effective chlorine for the epidemic sites of new coronavirus for 30 minutes could completely destroy the nucleic acid of new coronavirus. The Real-time quantitative PCR can be used to evaluate the disinfection effect of new coronavirus.

7

Cite

Share

Investigation on the changes of nutrition and health behaviors of people of different ages during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic

Tingting HU ; Wei YANG ; Wenke SONG

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(3):25-28. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.03.007

Objective To investigate the changes in dietary behavior and physical exercise of people of different ages during the epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to explore the influencing factors of weight gain. Methods A structured electronic questionnaire was used to investigate the basic conditions, weight, eating behavior and physical exercise of 1 125 subjects. The χ² test or non-parametric test was used to compare the changes in the three age groups (<30, 30~65, >65 years), and Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting weight gain. Results Among the three age groups, young people under 30 years old changed greatly in the consumption of grains, red meat, and high-calorie snacks, and in the physical exercise, and there was a significant amount of people experiencing such changes, while for those older than 65 years old, the frequency of intake of grains, red meat, and high-calorie snacks before and after the outbreak was basically unchanged. In addition, compared with the population who basically did not change dietary behavior during the epidemic, the increase in the consumption of grains (OR = 2.469), red meat (OR = 1.582), and high-calorie snacks (OR = 1.815), and the decrease in physical exercise (OR = 1.702 ) were independent risk factors for weight gain during the epidemic (P <0.05). Conclusions During the epidemic of COVID-19, the young people (<30 years old) experienced the largest changes in dietary intake (grain, red meat, and high-calorie snacks) and exercise, while the elderly people (>65 years old) maintained basically unchanged. The increased intake of grains, red meat and high-calorie snacks, and lack of physical exercise could lead to weight gain.

8

Cite

Share

Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases in Qianjiang

Jia YI ; Guangling GUO ; Qiong GU ; Mengjia HU ; Peng ZHANG ; Jun LIU

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(3):29-32. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.03.008

Objective To confirm the epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease COVID-19 reported in Qianjiang city and provide a scientific basis for establishing and implementing effective infection prevention and control. Methods The cases of COVID-19 reported in Qianjiang were retrospectively collected and the epidemiological characteristics, including time, spatial and population distribution, clinical symptoms and exposure history, were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 198 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 102 imported cases, were reported in Qianjiang city by March 31, 2020. Of the 198 patients, 9 died, and 189 were discharged. The male-to-female ratio was 1.2:1. Among the reported patients, most of the patients were aged 30-69. In the early stage, only imported cases were reported, subsequently, imported cases and local cases were prevalent together, and the peak of confirmed cases was appeared on February 15, 2020. Among the clinical types for admitted diagnosis, the common type (67.17%) was dominant, and fever (82.83%) and cough (67.17%) were the predominant clinical manifestations for primary diagnosis. The median time from illness onset to first visit was 3 days, the median time from first visit to confirmed diagnosis was 7 days, and the median interval from illness onset to diagnosis was 11 days. Conclusions With comprehensive measures taken, the pandemic of COVID-19 in Qianjiang have been brought under control. However, it is necessary to be alert to the potential risks brought by the resumption of work, production, education, as well as the outbound imported cases. Various prevention and control measures should continue to be strictly implemented.

9

Cite

Share

Analysis of post-marketing safety monitoring of split influenza virus vaccine based on large samples

Peng DENG ; Qiong LI ; Xiaoai QIAN ; Xue GUO ; Haiping CHEN ; Xiaoqin LIU ; Xuanwen SHI ; Wei JIANG ; Jianjun YE ; Faixian ZHAN ; Beifang YANG ; Linyun LUO

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(3):33-35. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.03.009

Objective To evaluate the safety of a Chinese thimerosal-free trivalent split influenza virus vaccine after being marketed in a large population. Methods Through the information management system of adverse event following immunization (AEFI), the adverse events in healthy people aged 6 months and above who were vaccinated with split influenza virus vaccine in Hubei Province from October to December 2015 were collected. The data was analyzed by descriptive methodology. Results From October 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016, among the 227 920 people in Hubei Province who were vaccinated with split influenza virus vaccine, the common adverse reactions were mainly fever, redness, irritability, pain and itching. Four cases of AEFI were passively observed and reported in the system, with a reporting rate of 1.76/100 000, among which 3 cases were anaphylactic rash and 1 case was optic neuritis. Conclusion The Chinese thimerosal-free trivalent split influenza virus vaccine used in Hubei Province had a good safety record and is suitable for the general vaccination of people without vaccination contraindications.

10

Cite

Share

Satscan based small scale spatiotemporal trend analysis of human schistosomiasis in Gong^'an County and Jiangling County, Hubei Province

Hong ZHU ; Jiali WU ; Ying XIAO ; Zhen TU ; Zhaogang XU ; Xia ZHANG ; Zuwu TU ; Xiaorong ZHOU ; Bo LI ; Xiaowei SHAN ; Jing XIA ; Lingcong SUN ; Shizhu LI

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(3):36-41. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.03.010

Objective To analyze the spatial clustering of human schistosomiasis at the village level in key counties in Hubei Province, to provide scientific evidence for formulating strategies for human schistosomiasis prevention and control in the next stage. Methods Gong^'an County and Jiangling County in Hubei Province were selected as representative counties for this study. A town or village was set up as a research unit. Schistosomiasis cases of a positive fecal examination in 2015 and cases with positive detection for schistosomiasis serological antibody titer equal or above 80 in 2016-2018 were selected as research subjects in these two counties. The Kulldorff circular scan statistic was used for the spatial clustering analysis of human schistosomiasis infection status in the population. Results There was spatial clustering of positive schistosomiasis cases of fecal examination, at the level of a town or village in both counties in 2015. There was spatial clustering of positive human serological antibody detection at the level of town or village from 2016-2018. Eighty-six endemic villages in five towns in the northeast of Gong^'an County, along the Yangtze river,including Mahaokou Town, Zhakou Town, Yangjiachang Town, Jiazhuyuan Town and Douhuti Town, were the most prominent. There was no spatial clustering of positive results of human serological antibody detection at the town and village level in Jiangling County, in2017, while there was spatial clustering of human serological antibody detection in 2016 and 2018,respectively. Fifty-seven endemic villages in two towns (Puji Town and Xionghe Town) in the southwest of Jiangling County, along the Yangtze river,were the most prominent. Conclusion There were spatial clustering of human schistosomiasis epidemic at village level both in Gong^'an County and Jiangling County, Hubei Province. Compared with the previous studies, there was a trend of shrink and decline of clustering areas. Therefore, the current situation of the epidemic has put forward higher requirements for the implementation of precise prevention and control in the progress of schistosomiasis elimination work in various epidemic areas.

DISPLAY OPTIONS

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share