Journal Detail Information

1

Cite

Share

COVID-19 analysis and forecast based on Exponential Smoothing Model in Hubei Province

Xuyan WANG ; Yong YU ; Ying HU ; Chuanhua YU

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(1):1-4. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.01.001

Objective To analyze and forecast the epidemic of the new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in Hubei Province. Methods Exponential Smoothing Model was applied to fit the tendency of the number of confirmed cases, discharged cases, death cases, severe cases and critical cases. Results The epidemic of COVID-19 in Hubei province has been gradually alleviated, the rapid remission period and slow remission period were occurred after February 18th and March 21st, respectively. The Exponential Smoothing Model was significantly fit well and the fitting values were basically consistent with the actual values. Predicted results indicated that the number of existing confirmed cases was expected to reduce to less than 1 000 on April 2nd, and was mainly consist of severe and critical cases. Conclusions The prevention and control measures of COVID-19 in Hubei province were effective, and the Exponential Smoothing Model was applicable to predicate the epidemic of COVID-19.

2

Cite

Share

The concept of Socio-Demographic Index(SDI) and its application

Chuanhua YU ; Jianjun BAI

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(1):5-10. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.01.002

Objective To introduce the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) and explore its relationship with disease burden indicators. Methods Based on the data of GBD 2017, we describe the correlation between HALE, DALY rate, YLD rate, YLL rate and SDI from 1990 to 2017 in the global and other 7 countries to explore the practical application value of SDI. Results 1. With the increase of SDI, HALE increased significantly; YLL rate and DALY rate decreased significantly. 2. The trend of YLD rate in low-SDI countries was the same as that of YLL rate and DALY rate; in the high-SDI and middle-SDI countries with longer life spans, as SDI increased, YLD rate also increased. 3. Because the socio-demographic characteristics of different diseases (such as Cardiovascular diseases and Neoplasms) are quite different, we should specifically analyze their relationship with SDI. Conclusion SDI is a good indicator, which can be used as an important covariate to predict disease burden and health outcomes in various areas.

3

Cite

Share

The relationship between air quality improvement and the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study

Hao YU ; Lihong FENG ; Changchun HOU ; Qiang ZENG ; Fei WANG ; Yan ZHAO ; Yuwen WANG ; Xianwei ZHANG ; Jingwei ZHANG

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(1):11-15. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.01.003

Objective To explore the effect of decreased air pollutants concentrations on the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methods A prospective cohort was designed in Tianjin where the air quality gradually improved from 2014 to 2018. A total of 5 077 community residents (18-90 years old) were recruited as the baseline population from 2013 to 2014. From 2014 to 2018 follow-up was carried out year by year to observe the new incidence of T2DM in the cohort. The HR and 95%CI (95% confidence interval) were calculated with the multiple Cox proportional hazard regression model to evaluate the effect of the decrease in the concentrations of SO₂, NO₂, and particulate matters with diameters <10μm and <2.5μm (PM₁₀, PM_{2_.5}) on the incidence of T2DM. Results The cohort was followed up year by year from 2014 to 2018, with a cumulative follow-up of 25 385 person-years over the 5 years. At the same time, the air quality of Tianjin was significantly improved. Statistical analysis results after covariate adjustment revealed that the risk of T2DM in the population decreased by 0.172, 0.124, and 0.210 times, for a decrease of 10 μg/m³ in the annual average concentrations of SO₂, PM₁₀, and PM_{2_.5} each, respectively (SO2：HR=0.828，95%CI=0.757-0.907；PM₁₀：HR=0.876，95%CI=0.816-0.941；PM_{2_.5}：HR=0.790，95%CI=0.694-0.899). Conclusion The implementation of environmental protection measures to improve air pollution could reduce the risk of T2DM in the population and control the increasing prevalence.

4

Cite

Share

Oxidative damage of gastric mucosa induced by nonylphenol exposure in rats

Hai JIN ; Jie YU ; Shixu LI ; Jie XU

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(1):16-20. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.01.004

Objective To investigate the effects of nonylphenol (NP) exposure on the activity of SOD and GSH-Px and the content of MDA in gastric tissue of SD rats. Methods Twenty-four clean SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, 6 in each group. The negative control group was given corn oil, and the exposure groups included low, medium and high doses of NP treatment groups. NP was prepared in corn oil and administrated intragastrically. The concentration of NP was 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively, given once a day. After 42 days of continuous intragastric administration, the animals were sacrificed under anesthesia and gastric tissues were collected. The pathological changes of gastric tissues were observed by HE staining. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in gastric tissues were respectively detected by chemical colorimetry. Results No bleeding or necrosis was found in the gastric mucosa of all groups by naked eye view. Pinhole-sized pigmentation was found in the stomach wall fold and bulge of NP medium dose group, and the number of pigmentation spots was increased significantly in NP high dose group. HE staining showed that the epithelial cells and glands of gastric mucosa of rats in normal group were arranged neatly and intact, and no any defect or abnormality in mucosal myometrium was observed. In the low dose group, hyperemia and edema, and vasodilation in the mucosal glands were observed, while in the medium and high dose groups, the epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa were damaged and exfoliated, the glandular ducts were swollen and congested, and lymphocyte infiltration was observed in the mucosa and interstitium. Compared with the control group, SOD activity in the high dose group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the low/medium dose groups and the control group (P>0.05). SOD activity decreased gradually with the increase of the dose. Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in GSH-Px content among the NP exposure groups. Compared with the control group, the MDA content in the low dose group was significantly increased (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the medium and high dose groups. Conclusion Short-term exposure to 25mg/kg nonylphenol caused oxidative damage to gastric mucosa.

5

Cite

Share

Correlation analysis between P73 gene G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism and lung cancer risk in Guangdong population

Suihua HUANG ; Jinjun DONG ; Qiong LUO

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(1):21-24. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.01.005

Objective To analyze the correlation between P73 gene G4C14-to-A4T14 double nucleotide polymorphism and the risk of lung cancer in Guangdong population. Methods Genotype analysis of P73 gene polymorphism in peripheral blood of 642 patients with lung cancers (including 450 NSCLC patients and 192 SCLC patients) and 354 normal controls was performed with HRM method (high-resolution fusion curve). Results HRM genotyping results showed that the distribution of P73 genotypes in 450 NSCLC patients was as follows: GC/GC 280 (62.3%), GC/AT 155 (34.4%), and AT/AT 15 (3.3%). P73 genotypes in 192 SCLC patients were 118 GC/GC (61.5%), 67 GC/AT (34.9%) and 7 AT/AT (3.6%). The P73 genotypes of 354 normal controls were 192 GC/GC (53.1%), 136 GC/AT (38.5%), and 26 AT/AT (8.4%). AT/AT homozygous genotypes significantly reduced the risk of NSCLC (OR=0.393；95% CI:0.037-0.873；P=0.001) and SCLC (OR=0.428；95%CI:0.050-0.880；P<0.001) compared with non-carriers. Conclusion The results of the present study indicated that the polymorphism of P73 G4C14-A4T14 may be a modification factor for the susceptibility of lung cancer in Guangdong province, and the increased GC content in the P73 gene may increase the risk of lung cancer.

6

Cite

Share

Trends in prostate cancer mortality in Chinese men from 1990 to 2017: an APC model analysis

Yani DING ; Qing LIU ; Qingjun ZHANG

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(1):25-28. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.01.006

Objective To explore the prevalence trend of male prostate cancer mortality in China during the 25 years from 1992 to 2017. Methods The age-period-cohort (APC) model and the Intrinsic Estimator (IE) algorithm were used to estimate the age effect, period effect and cohort effect of prostate cancer mortality risk in Chinese men. Results The overall mortality rate of prostate cancer in Chinese men was on the rise from 1992 to 2017, with the crude mortality rate rising from 3.39‰ to 7.17‰. The results of the APC model analysis showed that the age effect of prostate cancer mortality increased with age in Chinese men after the age of 40. The period effect was generally on the rise. The cohort effect indicated that men born in China after 1980 experienced a declining risk of prostate cancer death. Conclusions The period effect of prostate cancer mortality risk was dominant in Chinese men. Changes in lifestyle and sexual attitudes, population aging, smoking, environmental pollution and other factors may be the main reasons for the increase in the period effect. The attention should be paid to improve these aspects in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, and at the same time the awareness rate of PSA screening should be strengthened. Comprehensive prevention with health education can help reduce overall prostate cancer mortality in men.

7

Cite

Share

Analysis on the economic burden of maternal health care of 9 193 women during early pregnancy in China

Yongle ZHAN ; Shuya CAI ; Yawen WANG ; Sansan WU ; Yahui FENG ; Yunli CHEN ; Yingjie SHI ; Liangkun MA ; Yu JIANG

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(1):29-33. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.01.007

Objective To understand the status of economic burden of maternal health care of pregnant women in China, and to discuss the equity and accessibility of maternal health care during pregnancy among different regions and populations. Methods A total of 9 193 women during early pregnancy were recruited from the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study between July 25, 2017 and November 26, 2018. Information on general condition and economic burden of maternal health care was surveyed. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The median direct medical cost of maternity check-ups for pregnant women was 400 CNY per visit, and the median cost of lost work was 360 CNY per visit. The analysis of the results showed that the median medical expense was highest in pre-pregnant women with BMI <18.5kg/m² (P=0.008). The median medical expense was higher in urban residents than rural residents (P<0.001). Families with fewer members had higher direct medical expenses (P<0.001, P_trend=0.003). The higher the socioeconomic status was, the higher the direct medical expense was (P<0.001, P_trend=0.003). The cost of lost work was lower in pregnant women with higher socioeconomic status (P=0.025, P_trend=0.017). In addition, the medical expense was highest in women living in the eastern part of China (P<0.001). The direct medical expenses (P=0.002) and lost-time expenses of pregnant women in the North were higher than those in the South (P=0.013). Conclusion The problem of equity and accessibility of maternal health care still existed. It is recommended that relevant departments further improve maternal health care services and build a diversified healthcare service system to ensure maternal and child health and promote eugenics.

8

Cite

Share

Application and development of healthy life expectancy index

Siyu CHENG ; Lan ZHANG ; Jingju PAN ; Tianjing HE ; Yuliang ZOU ; Xibao HUANG

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(1):34-37. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.01.008

As the life expectancy of the population increases and traditional indexes are flawed in reflecting the health level, the concept of the healthy life expectancy has emerged, which integrates the length of the life and quality, more comprehensively reflects the health level of the population. This article has summarized the emergence and development of health life expectancy, classification of indexes, and commonly used measurement methods, as well as domestic and international application examples, and domestic research status. It proposes to establish a unified national measurement method, and make full use of big data resources in health care to comprehensively assess the health life expectancy of the population.

9

Cite

Share

Early adiposity rebound is associated with indices of obesity and metabolic risk in 5-year-old children: a birth cohort study in Ma^’anshan

Hui CAO ; Shuangqin YAN ; Liangliang XIE ; Zhiling CAI ; Guopeng GAO ; Xiaogang YIN ; Xianfa LU ; Sumei WANG ; Haiqin ZHU ; Xiaoyan WU ; Kui HUANG ; Fangbiao TAO

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(1):38-43. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.01.009

Objective To assess the association between early adiposity rebound (AR) and indices of obesity and metabolic risk in 5-year-old children. Methods Based on Ma’anshan Birth Cohort Study (MABC), single live births born in Ma'anshan of Anhui province from October 2013 to April 2015 were followed for up to 5 years consecutively. As of August 2019, 720 children with continuous measurements (≥8 times) and metabolic indicators were obtained. Physical examination and laboratory tests were used to obtain information on the birth status, length/height, weight, waist circumference, body composition and metabolic indicators of children. The 2 test, F test, t-test, non-parametric test, general linear model and logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results 43.5% of the children had AR≤4 years. After controlling for gender, it was found that earlier AR was associated with overweight/obesity (OR=2.71, 95%CI: 1.81~4.05), larger waist circumference (OR=1.88, 95%CI: 1.25~2.82), and body fat percentage ≥90th percentile (OR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.26~3.48). In the earlier AR group, the insulin resistance and metabolic score were higher, but the difference was not statistically significant. At 5 years of age, the prevalence of obesity and overweight was 6.0% and 12.8%, respectively. Children with overweight/obesity, larger waist circumference, higher waist-to-weight ratio and body fat percentage ≥ 90th percentile were associated with higher insulin resistance and metabolic score, and all the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.001). Conclusion Earlier AR increased the risk of overweight/obesity, larger waist circumference, and body fat percentage ≥90th percentile at age of 5 years. Each index of the commonly used measures of childhood obesity was closely related with insulin resistance and metabolic risk factors at 5 years old.

10

Cite

Share

Investigation and analysis of indoor residential radon concentration in typical areas of Hubei Province

Cong LI ; Wenshan ZHOU ; Fang WANG ; Ziyuan XU ; Tian XU ; Xiqin XU ; Tongqiang ZHAO ; Yifei SHI ; Bing YU ; Chunhong WANG ; Tingming SHI

Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine.2020;31(1):44-47. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2483.2020.01.010

Objective To investigate the residential radon concentration in typical areas of Hubei Province and assess the dose hazards of radon to human body. Methods According to geographical location, five cities including Wuhan, Enshi, Shiyan, Xianning and Daye were selected, and the stratified cluster sampling and monitoring were conducted in accordance with the residential building structure. From April to July, 2019, RSKS standard detectors were placed in the bedroom or living room of the tested families. After continuously sampling for three months, those detectors were returned back to the laboratory for test readings using Radosys system. Results A total of 651 detectors were deployed in 577 households of 70 communities, and 634 detectors were recovered. The recovery rate of detectors was 97.4%. The indoor residential radon concentration in Hubei Province showed a logarithmic normal distribution, with a median (25% quantile and 75% quantile) of 40.52 (29.13,64.74) Bq/m3 and an annual effective dose of 2.02 mSv. The indoor radon concentrations in Wuhan and Enshi were significantly higher than those in Shiyan, Xianning and Daye (P<0.05). The indoor radon concentrations in brick wood or civil structures were significantly higher than those in reinforced concrete structures (P<0.05), and indoor radon concentration in the first floor was significantly higher than those in other floors (P<0.05). The indoor radon concentrations after 2010 were significantly lower than those between 2001 and 2010 (P<0.05). Conclusion The number of households with indoor radon concentrations exceeding the national limit in newly-built buildings accounted for 10.1%; The indoor residential radon concentration levels of in Hubei Province were influenced by building structure, age and floor.

DISPLAY OPTIONS

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share