Journal Detail Information

1

Cite

Share

Inflammatory Biomarkers and Bipolar Disorder: Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio, Monocyte/Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio

Jaewon HEO ; Yunna LEE

Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry.2022;28(3):119-126.

Objectives: ：Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are indicators of inflammation. Several studies have evaluated their relationship with bipolar disorder severity, but the results are controversial. Here, we investigate the relationship between inflammatory ratios and the severity and clinical characteristics of bipolar disorder. Methods: ：We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of bipolar disorder patients who met the inclusion criteria and admitted to Kosin University Gospel Hospital between January 2010 and August 2021. NLR, MLR and PLR were measured according to the complete blood count. Severity was assessed by the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) in hypo/manic episode patients, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) in depressive episode patients. Patients are grouped by presence of two clinical features, current psychotic features and history of suicide attempts. Results: ：181 subjects, of whom 123 were women and 58 men, were included. Subjects with higher NLR had higher HAMD scores (N=36, r=0.337, p=0.045). We found no significant correlation between YMRS and the inflammatory biomarkers. Patients with previous suicide attempts exhibited a greater PLR than those without previous suicide attempts (N[SA+]=52, N[SA-]=129, p=0.035). There was no significant difference in inflammatory ratios with respect to psychotic features. Conclusions ：We found a possible correlation between the severity of bipolar depression and inflammatory indicators in the Korean population, in addition to correlation between previous suicidal attempt of bipolar disorder and inflammatory indicators. A well-designed prospective study involving a larger cohort is needed in the future.

2

Cite

Share

Mental-Physical Comorbidity of Depression: Results From Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Hyeon Gyu PARK ; Jimin LEE ; Byung Soo KIM ; Sung Man CHANG

Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry.2022;28(3):109-118.

Objectives: ：Depression is known to be very common for coexistence with physical diseases, but reports of this are not well known in Korea. The purpose of this study is to investigate demographic factors related to adult depression in Korea and the association between physical diseases and depression. Methods: ：This study used raw data from the 7th National Health and Nutrition Survey of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2016 and 2018, and analyzed by integrating data from adults over the age of 19. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was applied to the diagnosis of depression. Cross-analysis and logistic regression analysis were used for the association with depression according to socio-demographic characteristics and health-related characteristics. Results: ：The point-prevalence of depression in Korea using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 is 5.4%. Regarding sociodemographic characteristics, risks of depression were increased among the elderly, women, people with low household income, and people with low education levels. It was analyzed that the risk of coexistence of depression with physical diseases such as diabetes, stroke, myocardial infarction, arthritis, asthma, thyroid disease, renal failure, and cirrhosis was significantly high. Conclusions ：In this study, the presence of chronic diseases greatly increased the risk of depression, and it was confirmed that certain groups were at high risk for depression.

3

Cite

Share

Clinical Factors Related to Change of Depression Severity in Major Depressive Disorder Through Index Electroconvulsive Therapy

Jae-Won YANG ; Yang Tae KIM ; Hee Cheol KIM ; Sung-Won JUNG ; Hojun LEE

Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry.2022;28(3):98-108.

Objectives: ：The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with changes in depression severity in index electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for major depressive disorder. Methods: ：A retrospective analysis was performed on 80 patients with major depressive disorder who received index ECT. The severity of depression was assessed using the Hamilton depression rating scale-17 (HDRS-17). Multiple linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the factors associated with the change of depression severity and the predictors of the 50% or greater reduction rate of HDRS-17. Results ：55 (68.8%) patients were HDRS-17 score change ≥50% group, and 25 (31.2%) patients were HDRS-17 score change <50% group. HDRS-17 score change ≥50% group had a shorter episode duration before ECT (11.91±8.63 vs 17.68±11.15 weeks, p=0.027) and more ECT sessions (8.60±2.91 vs 6.80±3.34 sessions, p=0.017). The higher baseline score of anxiety (B=0.937, β=0.374, p<0.001), depression (B=0.846, β=0,324, p=0.001), and somatic symptom (B=0.995, β=0.210, p=0.031) dimensions was associated with the change of HDRS-17 score from baseline. The longer episode duration until the start of ECT was associated with lower likelihood of HDRS-17 score change ≥50% (Wald χ2 =7.74, OR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.02-1.14, p=0.005). The greater number of ECT sessions predicted the HDRS-17 score change ≥50% (Wald χ2 =7.85, OR=0.75, 95% CI=0.62-0.92, p=0.005) Conclusions：In higher baseline anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms severity, implementing sufficient sessions of ECT in pharmacological treatment phase of relatively shorter duration of major depressive episode may help reduce HDRS-17 score.

4

Cite

Share

Methods and Causes of Completed Suicides According to Age and Gender

Dong Min KIM ; Joon Hee KIM ; Young Rong BANG ; Hyun Soo KIM ; Seong Hwan KIM ; Jae Hong PARK

Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry.2022;28(3):91-97.

Objectives: ：South Korea has one of the highest suicide rates in the world, with the highest rate reported in Busan metropolitan city in the past decade. Based on the data collected regarding the characteristics of suicide completers, we investigated gender- and age-related differences in the causes and methods of completed suicides. Methods: ：Information from 675 persons who committed suicide was included in the statistical analysis, and descriptive statistics were used to present the demographic variables. To ascertain the differences by gender and age, logistic regression analyses were also conducted. Age groups were stratified according to the stage in life: young, middle, and late adulthood. Additionally the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using gender and age as independent variables, and methods and causes as dependent variables. Results: ：The most frequent suicide method and cause were hanging and physical illness, respectively, with women were more likely to choose jumping as a suicide method than men. In terms of suicide causes, economic difficulties were more often related to men than women. While the young adulthood group was more likely to choose jumping and gassing than the late adulthood group, the latter was more likely to choose chemical poisoning as a suicide method.Furthermore, in terms of suicide causes, economic difficulty and psychiatric disorder were more often related to the young adulthood group than the late adulthood group. In addition, the middle adulthood group was more often associated with economic difficulty than the late adulthood group, while the latter was more often related with physical illness than the young adulthood group. Conclusions ：The causes and methods of suicide in suicide completers differ according to age and gender. The results of our study underline the need to reflect age- and gender-related characteristics in establishing suicide prevention policies.

5

Cite

Share

Structural Changes in the Hippocampal Subfields in Early-Onset Mild Cognitive Impairment

Seok Woo MOON ; Do Yen YOO

Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry.2021;27(1):67-73.

Objectives: ：The aim of this study was to examine the structural change in the hippocampal subfields in early-onset (EO) mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients associated with the APOE ε4 carrier state. Methods: ：This study had 50 subjects aged 55-63 years, all of whom were diagnosed with amnestic MCI at baseline via the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Packet (CERAD-K). The EO-MCI patients were divided into the MCI continued (MCIcont) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) converted (ADconv) groups 2 years later. The volumes of hippocampal subfields were measured for all the subjects. The calculations were based on the change of the volumes between the 2-year-interval brain Magnetic resonance image (MRI) scans between MCIcont and ADconv groups according to the Apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE ε4) carrier state. Results: ：There was a significant correlation between APOE ε4 allele and structural changes in several hippocampal subfields. The volume reduction in cornus ammonis 1 (CA1) field and subiculum, especially in the APOE ε4 carriers. The significance was more prominent in ADconv group. Conclusion ：These results suggest that the possession of APOE ε4 allele may lead to significantly greater predilection for the structural changes in hippocampal subfields, showing significant changes, especially in the ADconv patients compared with MCIcont patients.

6

Cite

Share

Exploratory Study on the Characteristics of Students Attempting to Quit Smoking

Nayeong KONG ; Hee Jin KIM ; Wan Seok SEO

Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry.2021;27(1):59-66.

Objectives: ：Adolescents cigarette smoking is a major public health concern, because it is highly associated with physical and mental development of adolescents. This study examines the psychosocial variables affecting smoking behaviors and smoking cessation plan. Methods: ：A total of 74 (35 smokers and 40 non-smokers) students in Daegu metropolitan city were included in this study. 35 smokers visited smoking cessation center between September 2019 and November 2019. Subjects were asked to complete a self-reported questionnaire evaluating smoking status, self-esteem, parent-adolescent communication, parent and peer attachment, and peer relationship quality. The independent t-test was conducted to determine the difference in psychological variables between smoker and non-smoker. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was done to identify the factors that affect smoking cessation plan and willingness. Results: ：The majority of adolescent smoker was male (94.3%) and middle school students (82.9%). Twenty-four smokers (68.5%) started smoking at sixth and seventh grade. The smoking amount and smoking days were related to plan and willingness of smoking cessation in logistic regression analysis and the number of friends who smoke was related to smoking cessation plan. The openness of communication in smoking students was significantly higher than that of non-smoking students. Conclusion ：Our findings indicate that the environmental factors such as peer or parental smoking is important in adolescents smoking. In addition to individual factors such as smoking amount and days, openness of communication related with impulsivity and susceptibility in peer pressure can affect plan or willingness of smoking cessation.

7

Cite

Share

Designing a Mobile Intervention Platform to Help Alleviate Insomnia Symptoms in College Students

Sungkyu PARK ; Sang Won LEE ; Donghyun AHN ; Meeyoung CHA

Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry.2021;27(1):50-58.

Objectives: ：An increasing number of people are affected by sleep problems every year. The current study presents findings from experiments that utilize a mobile application-based cognitive-behavioral treatment for insomnia (CBT-I). Methods: ：Our application aims to alleviate insomnia symptoms by providing real-time and direct interventions in people’s daily lives. We recruited 50 participants to test the effectiveness of the app via a six-week-long prospective experiment. Results: ：We find that insomnia symptoms are reduced significantly for both the treatment group, who used the app, and the control group, who watched educational videos [F(2,39)=60.82, p<0.001]. Sleep efficiency improved more quickly in the treatment group than in the control group. Participants who followed higher compliance to the intervention reduced their wake after sleep onset (WASO) time more substantially. Conclusion ：Our results suggest that app-based CBT-I interventions may have additional benefits for enhancing objective sleep quality, including sleep efficiency or WASO, compared to sleep hygiene education. The preliminary findings of the current research shed light on future mobile intervention apps’ design choices for insomnia.

8

Cite

Share

The Effect of Adult ADHD Tendency on Cognitive Functions in Young Male Adults with Depression

So Jeong SHINN ; Yang Tae KIM ; Sung Won JUNG ; Ho Jun LEE

Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry.2021;27(1):40-49.

Objectives: ：The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) tendency on cognitive functions in the group of depression. Methods: ：117 male patients with depression (51 with adult ADHD and 66 with adult non-ADHD) were recruited in this study. All patients were subject to the following tests : Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (K-WAIS-IV), Executive Intelligence Test, Rey-Kim memory test, Beck’s Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), and Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), Lee Ji-Yeon’s adult ADHD scale. Results: ：Compared to the adult non-ADHD group, the adult ADHD group showed lower score in Rey-Kim memory test. Several test scores were negatively correlated with ASRS (free recall test trial 2 : r=-0.184, p=0.047, trial 3 : r=-0.277, p=0.002, trial 4 : r=-0.242, p=0.009, trial 5 : r=-0.264, p=0.004, delayed recall test : r=-0.187, p=0.044, recognition test : r=-0.209, p=0.024). No significant correlation was found between depression, anxiety and Rey-Kim memory test even though there is a meaningful correlation between adult ADHD tendency the severity of depression and anxiety. Conclusion ：In this study, we found the adult ADHD with depression group has difficulties in retaining information and maintaining attention. Interestingly, it was proved the difference comes from ADHD tendency, not from the severity of depression or anxiety.

9

Cite

Share

The Long-Term Outcomes of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients Treated with Anti-Dementia Medications According to Baseline Dementia Severity

Heewon SEO ; Yuri PARK ; Insun KWON ; Jeong Lan KIM

Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry.2021;27(1):33-39.

Objectives: ：To describe the differences in long-term outcomes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients according to initial dementia severity. Methods: ：A retrospective chart review of AD patients from a dementia clinic at the University Hospital in Korea was conducted from April 2010 to March 2017. There were 168 patients enrolled, who were divided into three groups based on initial Clinical Dementing Rating (CDR). There were 55 in the very mild group (CDR=0.5 ; mean age 80.64±6.57), 93 in the mild group (CDR=1 ; mean age 80.57±7.28) and 20 in the moderate group (CDR=2 ; mean age 83.00±9.07). Participants were treated with donepezil±memantine. The observation period was 2.44±0.50 years. Cognitive function and severity of dementia were initially assessed by the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (CERAD-NP) and were annually assessed by Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), CDR and CDR-Sum of boxes (CDR-SB). Results: ：The annual decline rate of MMSE score was -0.82 and those of very mild, mild, moderate groups were -0.63, -0.80, -1.96 respectively, while the annual change in CDR-SB score was 0.98, very mild group 0.86, mild group 1.03, moderate group 1.26. Education level, male, initial CDR were found to be significant potential factors in the annual change in MMSE, while initial CDR was a significant potential factor in the annual change in CDR-SB. Conclusion ：It is meaningful that we studied long-term outcomes of anti-dementia medications in real-world clinical setting. The higher the initial severity of AD, the higher the cognitive decline rate.

10

Cite

Share

Relationship between Burnout and Turnover Intention among Community-Based Mental Health Workers : The Mediating Effects of Perceived Work Value

In-Hoo PARK ; Min-Ju OH ; Mina KIM ; Yu-Ri LEE ; Min JHON ; Ju-Yeon LEE ; Sung-Wan KIM

Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry.2021;27(1):25-32.

Objectives: ：The turnover rate of mental health workers in community mental health institutes is remarkably high.We explored the mediating effects of perceived work value on the relationship between burnout and turnover intention among mental health professionals working for community mental health centers and addiction centers. Methods: ：A total of 161 mental health workers completed this survey. We administered the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and the Michigan Organizational Assessment Questionnaire (MOAQ) (which explores turnover intention). Perceived work value was assessed using two items of the Scale of Resilience to Burnout.Associations were sought using the t-test, analysis of variance, correlation analyses, and hierarchical regression analyses. Results: ：The burnout level was significantly negatively correlated with perceived work value. Burnout was significantly positively correlated with turnover intention, and perceived work value significantly negatively correlated. Bootstrapping showed that perceived work value partially mediated the relationship between burnout and turnover intention. Conclusion ：Perceived work value may buffer turnover intention caused by burnout. Creation of an environment in which mental health workers feel that their work is valuable is important to prevent resignations.

DISPLAY OPTIONS

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share

Cite

Share