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Study of cell migration by releasing sdf-1 factor from gelatin-siloxane hybrid scaffold

Khandmaa D ; Nandin-Erdene M ; Roman P.A ; Kim HAE-WON

Innovation.2014;8(3):20-23.

BACKGROUNDScaffolds with the capacity to deliver signaling molecules are attractive for bone regeneration. Here, we developed bioactive siloxane–gelatin hybrid scaffolds via a sol gel process containing stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to recruit osteoprogenitor/stem cells. METHODSThe process was undertaken under room temperature aqueous conditions, which enabled therapeutic molecules to be effectively incorporated. After the sol-gel reaction and lyophilization process, well crosslinked hybrid scaffolds were obtained with porosities of 80–90%.RESULTSDynamic mechanical analysis of the hybrid scaffolds showed significant improvement in storage modulus values (from 10 to 110 kPa) with increasing siloxane content. Target molecule SDF-1 was loaded and released from the scaffolds, and the effects on the homing of mesenchymal stem cell were studied.CONCLUSIONSResults demonstrated significant enhancement in the migration of cells to the SDF-1 loaded scaffolds. Taken together, the developed hybrid scaffolds areconsidered to be useful in loading and delivering signaling molecules such as SDF-1 to recruit osteoprogenitor /mesenchymal stem cells in the bone regeneration process.

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Culture bone marrow-derived stem cells under hypoxic conditions improves the stemness

Bayarmaa E ; Bayarjavkhlan CH ; Naran G ; Taosheng LI

Innovation.2014;8(3):24-27.

BACKGROUNDThe use of stem cells for various clinical applications is highly expected and the production of good quality stem cells is very critical for basic studies. In the bone marrow, hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells form a unique niche in which the oxygen tension is low. Hypoxia may have a role in maintaining stem cell fate, self renewal and multi-potency. We investigated whether low oxygen culture would be beneficial for hematopoietic stem cell stemness.METHODSBone marrow cells from 8-10 week aged mice were subjected to hypoxic conditioning by culture for 7days in 20%, 3% and 1% oxygen. For culture,1x105 cell/ml were seeded in colony forming assay in each dish. During the culturing, cell colonies were checked once every three days. Compared to normoxic cells, hypoxic cells weremorphologicallyundifferentiated and counted by Olympus IX71 microscope.RESULTSMore colonies were observed at 3% and 1% oxygen. Statistical significances were identified with granulocytes and macrophage colony (p<0.05) in hypoxic condition.CONCLUSIONSOur data suggests low physiological oxygen culture could improve the stemness of macrophage and granulocytes colony. Long term culture will be necessary to confirm whether low physiological oxygen levels also improve genomic stability.

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Learning styles of resident doctors

Battamir U ; Gantsetseg T ; Oyunsuren E

Innovation.2014;8(3):28-32.

BACKGROUNDThe term ‘‘learning styles’’ refers to the concept that individuals differ in regard to what mode of instruction or study is most effective for them. Assessment of learning styles has significant importance in a sense that trainers can update their curriculum and teaching methods by taking learning styles of learners into account.The main goal of our study isto determine learning styles of resident doctors.METHODSWe used descriptive methods and quantitative analysis for our study. Honey and Mumford learning style questionnaire was used to determinelearning styles of residents. 144resident doctorsout of 475 agreed to participate in the study and completed questionnaires.RESULTSAnalysis of learning styles revealed that most common styles for residents are reflector (63.9%) and theorist (16.7%) followed bypragmatist (10.4%) and activist (9.0%). CONCLUSIONSBased on our results, we must consider increasing the mutual study and behaviour changing activities in our curriculum to helpresidents to be more independent and productive by promoting their skills of self-expression, critical and creative thinking.

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The development of the kindergarten’s children in Bayanzurkh and Khan-Uul district

Azzaya G ; Gerelmaa Z

Innovation.2014;8(3):34-37.

BACKGROUNDPhysical, mental and gross motor development occur intensively during the childhood. Therefore it is important to detect any developmental delays early in order to take proper intervention which is significant for mental ability and personal development of a child. In this study, we aimed to evaluate mental and gross motor development of the kindergarten’s children in Bayanzurkh and Khan-Uul district.METHODSWe selected 157 children, aged from 3 to 6 years, from Bayanzurh district’s kindergarten and 125 children from Khan-Uul district’s kindergarten randomly. Population basedcross sectional study design was used. Mental and gross motor development was measured by Denver-II test. Statistical analysis of the collected data was conducted using SPSS 17.0 software program.RESULTSLanguage development delay, fine motor-adaptive development delay, gross motor development delay and personal-social development delay were observed in 42%, 15%, 12%, 8% of the kindergarten children, respectively.CONCLUSIONSWe conclude that it is imperative to pay more attention to mental, language and gross motor developments of children in kindergarten.

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Evaluation of fluid intake and its relationship between preterm delivery in pregnant women

Tergel N ; Tumenjargal T ; Enerel B ; Anand B ; Odkhuu E

Innovation.2014;8(3):38-40.

BACKGROUNDAccording to WHO statistics of 2013, daily 371,124[1] births, annually 135.5 million [1] births occur worldwide which tends to increase in the following years. In Mongolia, studies that evaluaterelationship between fluid intakes of pregnant women and preterm delivery risk have not been conducted so far to our knowledge. Thus, we aimed to determine this relationship by evaluating first and second trimester fluid intakesof pregnant women in Mongolia.METHODS35 and above years old pregnant women of 24-32 gestational weeks have been included in the study where body measurements and fluid intake were collected via questionnaireand examination.RESULTSWhen we studied the relationship between average fluid intake and preterm delivery risk, having inadequate fluid intake in the first trimester increased the risk of preterm delivery by 5.98 (CI95% 0.89-40.08, p<0.01) fold whereas having inadequate fluid intake in the second trimester increased the risk of preterm delivery by 4.03 (CI 95% 1.06-15.21, p<0.01) foldrespectively.CONCLUSIONSOur results show that low fluid intake in first and second gestational trimesters results in increased risk of preterm delivery significantly in Mongolia.

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Evaluating the impact of Calcitum-6 on gastroesophageal refllux disease using gastroscopy

Alimaa U ; Dorjlkham M ; Seesregdorj S ; Oyuntsetseg KH

Innovation.2014;8(3):42-45.

BACKGROUNDGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common digestive disorder in the world. In this study, we chose Calcitum-6 for GERD treatment and assessed itsimpact on the disease using modern laboratory and imaging study. Out main purpose was to investigate the impact of Calcitum-6 for GERD treatment using gastroscopy.METHODSWe selected 34 patients who meet the criteria of GERD for the study. All participants signed a consent form. After 21 days of treatment with Calcitum-6 patients underwentgastroscopy in the Teaching hospital of MNUMS.RESULTSSymptoms of GERD including heartburn and bitter taste were significantly reduced within 4.7±0.8 days after treatment. Symptoms of bile reflux, increased gastric acid and painwere reduced by 73.6%, 55.2%, and 69.8% (р=0.05), respectively, after the completion of 21 days treatment. Changes in esophageal mucosa were recovered in 83.87% (26) and relapse of gastritis was reduced in 65.52% (19) of all patients.CONCLUSIONSBased on our results, we conclude that using Calcitum-6 for the treatment of GERD shows significant reduction in symptoms of the disease.

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Immunohistochemistry of prostate carcinoma

Erdenetuya N ; Amgalanzaya E ; Tsengelmaa J ; Erdenetsogt D ; Galtsog L

Innovation.2014;8(3):46-48.

BACKGROUNDProstate cancer is the most frequent malignancy among men nowadays.METHODSImmunohistochemical expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was retrospectively investigated in 10 patients admitted with clinical suspicion of the prostate cancer. Slides were collected from archived biopsiesandthey were stained for PSA.The final reaction product was evaluated as negative (0), weak/moderate positive (1), and intense positive (2).RESULTSGlandular prostate carcinoma was found in 40% (n=4) and undifferentiated carcinoma in 60% (n=6). The immunoreaction for PSA was intense positive in 30% (n=3), weak/moderate positive in 50% (n=5) and negative in 20% (n=2) of total cases.CONCLUSIONSWe concludethat PSA immunoreaction is helpful for the differential diagnosis based on our results.

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Assessment on curriculum of nursing bachelor degree

Odonjil P ; Solongo D ; Odongua N ; Oyuntsetseg S ; Dorjderem CH

Innovation.2014;8(3):50-53.

BACKGROUNDThe study was based on the reason that skills, attitude and knowledge of the nurses who are working in healthcare organizations do not satisfy customers and to assess undergraduate nursing curriculum.METHOD306 nurses and specialist are involved. Nursing curriculums of Vermont University of USA, Yonsei University of Korea, National College of Nursing, Japan and Ulaanbaatar University of Mongolia are compared and studied with our curriculum.RESULTStudy shows that curriculum contents of School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences have comparatively less contents of understanding about healthy person, assessment on human, giving advice healthy human, path anatomy, physiology, communication skills.CONCLUSION42% of participants assessed their knowledge at the low level. Curriculum credits of School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences is 142, comparatively much more than other schools shows that the need of innovation to the curriculum of nursing bachelor degree.

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Effects of air pollution on infant’s birth-weight in Ulaanbaatar city in 2012

Gantuya D ; Angarmurun D ; Chimedsuren O ; Undram L ; Munkh-Erdene ; Batbayar A

Innovation.2014;8(3):60-63.

BACKGROUNDAir pollution issue has become the largest problem of Ulaanbaatar city in the last decade affecting health and wellbeing of its citizens. Air pollution levels are increasing considerably in winter as a result of coal burning by city dwellers living in ger areas. Our study purpose was to survey the impact of air pollution on infant health of Ulaanbaatar city in 2012.METHODSData of 7484 on births at Khan-Uul and Sukhbaatar districts residence mothers and infants of Ulaanbaatar city from 2012 and corresponding daily air pollution level data (CO, NO2, SO2 and PM10) from the Ulaanbaatar city air quality monitoring stations were used.RESULTSAir pollution levels in Ulaanbaatar city significantly affect birth outcomes. Exposure to high levels of СО2 of during the third trimester of pregnancy reduces newborn’s weight. Exposure to NO2 is not influencing to newborn’s weight. Mothers who lived in more polluted area during pregnancy period more likely had baby reduced weight in 44 grams.

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Radiographic study of the mental foramen in a Mongolian population

Unurzul A ; Khentii LKH

Innovation.2014;8(3):64-67.

BACKGROUNDPurpose of this study was to investigate the most common position of the mental foramen in a selected Mongolian population. The study sample included two hundred and twenty two panoramic radiographs of selected Mongolian population taken in School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Mongolia.RESULTSThe patients’ age ranged from 16 to 66 years, with a mean age of 27.4 years. The most common position of the mental foramen was in line with the second premolar (58.8%). Ethnic and gender differences were also investigated and the symmetry of location within individuals analyzed. In 30.2%, it was between the first and second premolar, and in 2.5%, it was below the first premolar. It is important to know the position of the mental foramen for the placement of osseointegrated implants in the mandibular premolar region.CONCLUSIONClinicians and anthropologists should expect to find the position of the mental foramen to be symmetrical and in line with the second premolar teeth.

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