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The ethology representation of the modified three-vessel-occlusion rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2009;18(11):966-969. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2009.11.003

Objective To estimate the ethology representation of the modified model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion ( m-3VO) , created by occluding bolh common carotid in combination with one vertebral artey. Methods Rats were randomly put into m-3VO group,2VO group,and sham group ,and were subjected to the matching operation. Eight weeks after the operation, Morris water maze,open field test,and forced swimming lest were carried out. Results Compared with the sham group[ (18.46 ± 2. 63)s, (15. 9 ± 2. 16)s] .escape latencies of Morris water maze of m-3VO group [ ( 37. 69 ± 5. 11 ) s, ( 32. 55 ± 4. 28 ) s] and 2V0 group [ (42. 94 ± 3.05)s, (37.43 ± 4. 55)s] in the fourth and fifth days significantly increased (t = 3. 61 , P<0. 01 ; l = 3. 028, P<0.05 ; t = 4.72, P< 0. 001 ; t = 4. 153, P<0.001). The time of m-3VO group[ (7. 72 ± 1. 92) s] and 2VO group[ (7. 154 ± 2.66)s] spent in NE square was also longer than that of the sham group[(11. 19 ± 2. 137)s] (q = 2.98, P< 0.05; q = 3.81 , P< 0.01 ). And the crossing score of open field test of 2VO group(83. 25 ± 13. 53) was higher than that of the sham group (55. 6 ± 16. 8) ( q = 3. 27, P < 0. 01 ) , but immobility times, swimming times and climbing times of forced swimming test were not different between the three groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion The spatial learning ability of m-3V0 group rats are impaired 8 weeks after the operation, which is similar to that of 2VO group rats,and the m-3V0 operation have few effect on exploring ability and depression of rats.

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A clinical comparative study of citalopram augmented with aripiprzole on depression

Jianhui LI ; Shihui GUO

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2009;18(12):1118-1119. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2009.12.021

Objective To explore the efficacy of low-dose aripiprazole combining with citalopram on the depression. Methods A total 57 patients with depression were randomly assigned to the study group and the control group. Either group was treated with a fixed dose 20 mg citalopram per day, and the study group was simultaneously titrated to low dose (5～10mg/d) of aripiprazole at initiating dose 2.5 mg per day within two weeks. They were evaluated with Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD).Clinical Global Impression (CGI-SI) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale(TESS) before treatment and at the end of 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th week after treatment. The study lasted for 6 weeks. Results HAMD total score of either group were 11.54 ± 5.58 and 16.59 ± 6.67 respectively, which had statistically significant difference between two groups(t = 2.961, P<0.05) at the end of the study. CGI-SI score of either group was 2.12 ± 1.47 vs 3.17 ± 1.63 at treatment termination, which also had statistically significant difference (t = 2.439, P<0.05). There were mild side effects rate and no statistically significant difference between two groups (χ~2 =0.625, P>0.05). TESS scores were not statistically significant difference between two groups at each point of measure. Conclusion The results suggest low dose of aripiprazole augmentation of citalopram may be effective and safe in the treatment of depression.

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Mediating effect of personality between attachment and defense style in college students

Yuanbing GUO ; Chaoyun HUANG

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2009;18(11):1025-1027. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2009.11.023

Objective To explore the mechanism of personality between attachment and defense style in college students. Methods 291 students were surveyed with Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-R Short Scale (EPQ-RSC, Chinese Adaptation), Experience of Close Relationship Inventory(ECR, Chinese Adaptation) and Defense Style Questionnaire ( DSQ). Results ①Unmature defense style had significant positive correlations with anxiety, avoidance, neurotism and psychoticism(r = 0. 19,0.45,0.51,0. 19, P<0.01) ,and had significant negative correlation with extroversion(r= -0. 25, P<0. 01 ) . ②Extroversion acled as part meditator between attachment and unmature defense style. ③Neurotism served as part meditator between anxiety and unmature defense style. Conclusion Attachment is a remarkable predictor of unmature defense style and has indirect influence on it through neurotism and psychoticism.

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ADPN plasma concentration of cerebral stroke is correlated to inflammatory factors

Yan YANG ; Xianzhang LI

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2009;18(11):1010-1012. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2009.11.017

Objective To investigate the difference of adiponectin( ADPN) levels in cerebral stroke and the relationship with inflammatory factors. Methods Using clinical, imaging, and laboratory data, 136 consecutive patients with acute cerebral infarction were categorized into three subtypes: large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA, n= 77) , small-artery atherosclerosis (SAA, re = 21) , cardioembolism (CE, n = 38). Patients of acute cerebral hemor-rhage(n = 39) were also included. Clinical features, levels of adiponectin, IL-10 and hsCRP were compared between groups. Results ADPN level of cerebral stroke group was lower than the control group(6. 3 ±2. 2 vs 8. 9 ± 2.7 mg/L). ADPN level differed by stroke subtype(F = 5. 21, P = 0. 005): highest in the CE group (8. 0 ± 1. 9 mg/L) and lowest in the LAA group(5. 5 ± 1. 0 mg/L). There was no significant difference between ischemic and hemorrhagic groups. ADPN level was relative to IL-10 ( r = 0. 274, P < 0. 01 ) and hs-CRP( r = -0. 308, P< 0. 05 ) . Conclusion Hypoadiponectinemia is associated with atherosclerosis and stroke. The variation of levels of ADPN and the inflammatory factors may contribute to the inflammation after ischemic stroke.

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Differential effects of morphine on conditioned place preference and locomotor activity in adult and adolescent rats

Shuguang WEI ; Yuejuan ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2009;18(11):979-981. doi:10.3760/ema.j.issn.1674-6554.2009.11.007

Objective To test whether adolescent rats are more sensitive than adult rats to morphine' s rewarding actions and locomotor activating effects. Methods Conditioned place preference(CPP) procedure was used to examine drug-induced reward and locomotor activity. Adolescent ( Postnatal day 35 ) and adult ( P67 ) male rats received either saline or morphine (3 mg/kg) for 6 days and the locomotor response in the drug paired chamber was recorded during conditioned training. CPP effects were tested 24h after the last training. Results In adolescent rats, morphine CPP effect was not present [ saline group (20. 89 ±31. 14) s, morphine group (90. 75 ± 27.91)s, P = 0. 15], however, morphine CPP effect occurred in adult rats[saline group (31.5 ± 41. 24) s, morphine group(266. 13 ± 32. 26) s, P < 0. 001 ]. Adult rats presented higher CPP score than adolescent rats(P < 0.001). The locomotor response was significantly higher in day 3 ～ 6 than day 1 in the adolescent treated with morphine (P<0.05 or <0. 01). The locomotor response was significantly higher in day 2-6 than day 1 in the adolescent treated with morphine(P<0. 05 or < 0. 01 ) .which suggested that both adolescent and adult rats exhibited similar behavioral sensitization to morphine administration. Two-way ANOVA indicated that the main effect of age was not significant(F_(1,14) =0. 33, P = 0. 57) ,the interaction effect of age x treat was not significant(F_(5,70) = 0.85, P = 0.52) .there was no age difference between adolescent and adult rats in behavioral sensitization effects. Conclusion Compared with adult rats, adolescent rats don' t present morphine CPP, but show the similar morphine behavioral sensitization.

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The effect of job burnout on health complaint and task performance: the moderation of perceived organizational support

Gaigai PEI ; Yi YUAN

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2009;18(11):1016-1018. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2009.11.020

Objective To explored the moderate effect of perceived organizational support on job burnout-health complaint relationship and job burnout-task performance relationship. Methods Maslach burnout inventory-general survey, the perceived organizational support scale, health complaint scale and task performance scale were used to test 458 teachers in colleges of Armed Police. Results Emotional exhaustion and cynicism were positively related to health complaint (r = 0. 616,0. 4377;P < 0. 01). Emotional exhaustion and cynicism indicated obviously predicted effect on health complaint(β =0.562, P<0. 01;β =0. 144, P<0.05). Reduced personal accomplishment predicted task performance obviously(β = -0.248, P<0.01). Hierarchical multiple regression showed perceived organizational support can regulate the relationship between emotional exhaustion and task per-formance(△R~2 =0.031, P<0.01). Conclusion Job burnout positively predicted health Complaint. The higher the job burnout was, the more seriously the health Complaint. Reduced personal accomplishment negatively predicted task performance. Perceived organizational support had moderate effect on emotional exhaustion and task performance relationship. It relieved the negative effect of emotional exhaustion on task performance.

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Development of academic diligence inventory for middle school students

Lan TIAN ; Hao LEI

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2009;18(11):1046-1048. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2009.11.033

Objective To compile an applicable inventory of academic diligence for middle school students. Method By means of literature analysis and in-deep interview with teachers, an academic diligence inventory was constructed and used for 393 high school students. Such methods as correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were analyzed by SPSS11. 0 for windows XP. Results ① Five principal components of academic diligence were selected, which could be called target monitoring, time investment, task commitment, persistence and concentration. ②Internal consistency reliability and split-half reliability of total scale are 0. 9126 and 0. 9003. Reliability of each subscale are above 0. 7615. Correlation coefficient between subscales and total scale ranged from 0. 672 to 0. 820. That of among subscales ranged from 0. 248 to 0. 521. Conclusion Reliability and validity of the inventory of academic diligence for middle school students are both satisfactory enough to meet psychometric indexes.

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Preliminary study on a satisfaction rating scale of outpatients in general hospitals

Zhengyi HU ; Jian LIU

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2009;18(10):947-948. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2009.10.033

Objective To draw up a satisfaction rating scale utilized by outpatients in general hospitals,for the quality evaluation of the out-patient service.Methods Outpatients at four municipal general hospitals in Hangzhou City were as the subjects.The validity and reliability of the rating scale were estimated.Results The response rate to items was 98.82% ,and valid rate reached 96.8% ,the internal consistency coefficient was in the range of 0.76 to 0.87.The composition of the scale conforms well to the management practice,the relativity inside the factor was stronger than the relativity among the factors,which supported the contents validity.Factor analysis results demonstrated that both the factor loads and structures were consistent with the structures of the rating scale,which supported the structure validity.Conclusion All of validity indexes of the rating scale meet the requirements of psychometrics.This scale is practicable to estimate the satisfaction of outpatients to the service they received,and provides valuable evidence to estimate the quality of hospital therapeutic services.

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Rural migrant workers' coping style,traditional personality and poverty attribution style

Shengtao WU ; Zhuohong ZHU ; Jianxin ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2009;18(10):930-932. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2009.10.026

ObjectiveTo explore the relative model for psychological resources and poverty attributions of migrant workers in adversities in the aim of understanding poverty problems in China Mainland and find out the factors for tolerance in systematic unjustness.MethodsChina Mainland Poverty Attribution Questionnaire (CMPAQ) ,Simple Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),Resilience Scale (CD-RISC),Locus of Control subscale (I_E) and Thrift subscale (T_E) of CPAI-2 were used upon 398 rural migrant workers,in which 301 were valid.Results ①Deseription statistic: compared with national model,migrant workers score higher in positive coping style subsonic(1.92±0.45),and lower in negative coping style subscale (1.46±0.66),lower in CD-RISC (60.98±14.26) ,higher in I_E subscale (5.53±2.17) and lower in T_E subscale 7.48 + 1.77) ; Scores on the subscales of CMPAQ were separately overburden-fate (3.25±0.90),institution-unjustness (3.45±1.03),personal-competence(3.72±0.78),personal-quality (3.03±1.04),and geographical-environment (3.07±0.97).②Regress analysis:positive coping style can clearly positively predict personal-competence and personalquality attribution,while negative coping style can clearly positively predict all other factors.Resilience(CD-RISC)can clearly positively predict personal-competence attribution.The standard regression coefficient (β) of inner locus of control (I_E) to overburden-fate was negatively significant,while that of thrift (T_E) to all the poverty attribution factors was not significant.All variables other than negative coping style couldn' t clearly predict institution-unjustness attribution.ConclusionThe study discovered some positive psychological resources in rural migrant workers.These resources help them attribute poverty to personal competence but stand in tolerance for institutional unjustness.

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Effect of clozapine exposed in the pregnant day on the development and the expression of MAPK44/42 in brain of filial rats

Haiyan ZENG ; Guangyu MA ; Fu CHEN

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2009;18(10):905-908. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2009.10.017

Objective To set up the experimental animal model of the filial rats exposed clozapine in the pregnant clay and expect to know what is the effect on the offspring exposed the antipsychiatrie in gestation.Methods Female Wister rats were divided into both the control group (n=17)and elozapine group (n=2.5) which were intraperitoneally injected saline and clozapine respectively from pregnant day 6 to day 15,and their pup rats were examined development indexes such as the physical growth ,neural reflex,neural behavior and the expression of MAPK44/42 in brain in neonatal stage.Results it was shown that clozapine- exposed in pregnant day lead to the retardation of the weight of filial rats in earlier age such as postnatal day 4 (PND4) and PND7(F=12.56/7.51,P=0.001/0.008).As for neural reflex,the time of cliff avoidance of rats was significantly delayed in PND 3 and day 9 (F=4.969/4.348 ; P=0.03/0.041),and the ratio of positive response of air righting decreased compared with the control group in PND13 and PND15 (F=7.959/6.475,P=0.007/0.016).There was no difference between two groups on the behavior of the filial rats in the open field of filial rats.The expression of PhoMAPK44/42 in hippocampi of exposed-clozapine offspring in PND15 was significantly lower than the control' s(F=18.729/23.824,P=0.001) ,however,no difference was demonstrated on the expression of MAPK44/42 in hippocamaias well as the expression of both Pho-MAPK44/42 and MAPK44/42 in forehead cortex in two groups.Conclusion The resuits suggest the aberration of both physical and mental development of filial rats exposed clozapine in gestation.

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