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The reliability and validity of Chinese translation of mood and anxiety symptoms questionnaire in high school students

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2010;19(9):850-852. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2010.09.027

Objective To develop a Chinese translation of the Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire-Short Form (MASQ-SF) and evaluate the reliability and the validity in a sample of Chinese middle school students. Methods The questionnaire was administered to 682 middle school students. Internal consistency, testretest and confirmatory factor analyses were analyzed. Results The internal consistency reliability for the total scale was 0.95, and for the four factors ranged from 0.84 to 0.92 and the one month test-retest reliability coefficient for the total questionnaire was 0.78. The mean inter-item correlation coefficient for the MASQ-SF was 0.24,and the mean inter-item correlation coefficient for the four factors ranged from 0. 20 to 0.51. And the results of confirmatory factor analyses (IFI 0.91, CFI 0.92, TLI 0.91, RMSEA 0.06). The factors loadings ranged from 0. 28 to 0.71. The squared multiple correlations were 0.12 to 0.53. Indicated that the four-factor structure of the MASQ-SF was suitable for the Chinese middle school sample. Conclusion The Chinese version of the MASQ-SF with acceptable psychometric quality,and appropriate for assessing anxiety and depression in Chinese adolescence.

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The impact of dispositional optimism on nurses' mental health

Aihe HOU

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2010;19(9):841-843. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2010.09.024

Objective To explore nurses' dispositional optimism and mental health and disscuss the impact of dispositional optimism on nurses' mental health in order to provide evidences for promoting the level of nurses' mental health. Methods Adopting Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) ,the researchers carried on the questionaire investigation to a total of 240 nurses. Results Unmarried nurses were more optimistic than married ones(15.53 ± 3.48,14.39 ± 2.88) ,and the difference had statistic significance(P ＜ 0.01). The positive detection rate of nurses' psychological symptoms was 6.7% ～ 26.5%. Compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity and depression were nurses' main psychological symptoms. Compared to the national female norm, the somatization, depression, anxiety, psychosis factor scores, total score and the number of positive items of SCL-90(1.49±0.45,1.70±0.42, 1.55 ±0.43,1.46±0.38,1.40±0.37,1.50±0.35,37.23±22.02)were higher, and the difference had statistic significance(P＜ 0.05). Dispositional optimism postively correlated with the level of nurses' mental health(P＜ 0. 001). Conclusions The general condition of nurses' mental health is not good enough, and dispositional optimism has good forecast function to nurse's mental healthy. Therefore, maintaining positive and optimistic attitude will be helpful to nurses' mental health.

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Mediating effect of psychological defense mechanism between personality and depression or anxiety in postgraduate entrance re-examinee

Xianghua ZHU ; Houfeng ZHAO ; Yongjie YANG ; Tiejun XU ; Baojun GE ; Baorong SUN ; Yan HU ; Xin LIU ; Deqin GENG

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2010;19(9):838-840. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2010.09.023

Objective To study the mediating effect of psychological defense mechanism between personality and depression or anxiety in postgraduate entrance re-examinee. Methods 496 examinee in entrance re-examination of medical postgraduate were investigated by applying Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMsion and anxiety(r=0. 107 ～0. 668, P＜0.05). Psychological defense mechanism was remarkably correlated with depression and anxiety(r= -0. 090 ～ -0.666, P＜0.05;r=0. 131 ～0. 663, P＜0.01). Personality was significantly correlated with psychological defense mechanism (r = - 0. 158 ～ - 0. 586, P ＜ 0.01;r = 0.125 ～ 0.532, Psion, anxiety factor, explicit anxiety, and fear (21.6%, 43.8%, 35.7%, 65.7%). Conclusion Personality is a remarkable predictor of depression and anxiety,and has indirect and direct influence on depression and anxiety through psychological defense mechanism.

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An investigation of life value and suicide attitude of college students in the earthquake-stricken area

Yan ZHANG ; Fanchang KONG ; Zhenzhen QUAN ; Fang XU

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2010;19(7):641-643. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2010.07.021

Objective To understand the life attitude of college students in earthquake-stricken area. Methods 166 college students were conducted by life value scale (LVS) and suicide attitude questionnaire (QSA). Results ①On the LVS, males( (1.85 ±0.57) , (1.73±0.55) ) got significantly higher scores than females ((1.66±0.43),(1.54±0.40)) on survival values-oriented and spiritual values-oriented, and lower scores on tool values-oriented ((2.59±0.46 vs (2.76±0.51) ) , there was significant difference on overcome values-oriented between different grades(F = 3.710, P = 0.013). On the QSA, males (3.01 ±0.51) got significantly lower scores than females (3.28 ±0.51) on the cognition of suicidal behavior difference (t=3.110, P=0.002). There were significant differences on attitude to relationship of suicides between different gender and areas (P<0.05) , and attitude to euthanasia between different gender, grades and subjects (P<0.05). ②Social valuesoriented can predict cognition of suicidal behavior, personal and tool values-oriented can predict attitude to relationship of suicides, the total of life value can predict cognition of suicidal behavior and attitude to relationship of suicides. Conclusion The life value can predict the suicide attitude of college students in earthquake-stricken area, thus the life education should be enhanced to improve their quality of life.

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Development and modification of structural equation model on mental health of rural junior middle school students

Man YE ; Jingping ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2010;19(7):638-640. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2010.07.020

Objective To analysis the relationship among stressors,stress medi-factors and mental health of left-behind junior middle school students( JMSS) ,and to built a structural equation model on psychological stress of left-behind JMSS. Methods 1309 left-behind JMSS in rural areas in Hunan were assessed,using self-designed Demographic Data Recording Form , Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, Scale of APGAR,Perceived Social Support Scale,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,Self-Esteem Scale and Scale of Mental Health for Chinese Middle-school Student. Results Life events (r = 0.08) influenced mental health directly,and it influenced mental health indirectly by acting on negative coping styles(r=0.01) and APGAR (r= -0.02). Social support(r= -0.02) ,self-esteem(r = 0.03) ,negative coping styles(r=0.07) ,positive coping styles (r= -0.04),P (r = 0.03) and N (r = 0.04) also influenced mental health directly. E(r = 0. 21) ,N(r = -1.87) and P(r= -0.83) and APGAR(r=0. 10) influenced mental health indirectly by the mediation of self-esteem; APGAR(r = 4. 89) influenced mental health by the mediation of social support. Conclusion Personality (P,N),life events, social support, APGAR, positive and negative coping styles, self-esteem impact on mental health of rural junior middle school students in different ways.

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The reliability and validity research of the children's revised impact of event scale of Chinese edition

Lushi JING ; Ting CHEN ; Dan WANG ; Cuizhen ZHU ; Mingjing SITU ; Hui FANG ; Yi ZHANG ; Yi HUANG

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2010;19(7):654-657. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2010.07.027

Objective To test the reliability and validity of CRIES-13(Chinese edition). The Children Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-13) was recommened for diagnosing PTSD of children. Methods In the last third of the September 2008,according to the suffering condition,600 students were choosed who were fit for the research standard as subjects in two middle schools randomly. The viability of CRIES-13 was weighted by testretest reliability,Cronbach' s alpha,Split half reliability. The validity of CRIES-13 was analysed by content validity ,criterion validity,construction validity. Results In the test-retest reliability of CRIES-13, the Spearman correlation coefficient of total,intrusion factor,avoid factor,high warkening factor were 0.79, 0.75, 0.71, 0.75. Significant correlation were found among these scores. The Cronbach' s alpha of population was 0. 81. The Cronbach' s alpha of three factors was 0. 79 ( intrusion factor) , 0. 71 ( avoid factor), 0. 65 ( high awarkening factor). CRIES-13's split-half reliability was 0. 85. In the content validity test,the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between total score and each item was 0. 83 (intrusion factor), 0. 75 (avoid factor), 0. 85 (high awarkening factor). The correlation between intrusion factor and avoid factor was 0.63. The correlation between avoid factor and high awarkening factor was 0.41. The correlation between intrusion factor and high awarkening factor was 0.41. In struction validity, variance orthogonal rotation factor analysis was adopted and got three general factors. Their cumulative contribution to total variance was 55.52%. In the criterion validity test,significant correlation was found between intrusion factor and SDQ emotional factor and depression scale total score. Significant correlation was found between high awakening factor and SDQ emotional factor and depression scale total score. Conclusion The reliability and validity of CRIES-13 was good. It could be used extensively.

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Mechanism of Xiao Yao San influences concentration of Ca2+ intracellular in cultured rat hippocampal neurons in the state of chronic stress

Haiqing AO ; Qi SUN ; Zhiwei XU ; Wenzhu WANG ; Wenjun FU

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2010;19(9):820-822. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2010.09.017

Objective To investigate the effects of Xiao Yao San on intracellular Ca2 + concentration in cultured rat hippocampal neurons in the state of chronic stress and study the mechanism of chronic stress injuring and XiaoYao San protecting. Methods MK-801 acts as tool,cultured rat hippocampal neurons were divided into seven groups, those were group 1 (control), group 2 (normal serum), group 3 (normal serum + Glu), group 4 (model serum + Glu), group 5 (model serum + Glu + MK-801), group 6 (Xiaoyaosan + Glu), group 7 (Xiaoyaosan + Glu + MK-801). to detect intracellular Ca2+ concentration in cultured hippocampal neurons in the simulated micro - environment of chronic stress and after intervention with the serum treated with Xiao Yao San by confocal laser microscope at the same period of time. Results Compared with group 1 (779.97 ± 36.81), concentration of Ca2+ intracellular of group 2 (1092.38 ± 36.41), group 3 (1472.49 ± 76. 19), group 4 (1509.52 ±104.69) and group 5 (1186.97 ±41.92) all increased significantly (P＜0.01) ,group 6 (908.74 ±40.24) increased too (P ＜ 0.05), compared with group 2, concentration of Ca2 + intracellular of group 3,4 and 5 all increased significantly (P ＜ 0.01), but group 7 (721.99 ± 60.33) decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.01). Compared with group 4, concentration of Ca2+ intracellular of group 6 and 7 decreased significantly (P＜ 0.01), group 5 decreased too (P ＜ 0.05), compared with group 6, concentration of Ca2 + intracellular of group 5 increased significantly (P ＜ 0.01),when group 7 decreased significantly (P＜0.01). Conclusion Serum of chronic stress treated with Xiao Yao San has the effect of inhibiting Ca2+ overload in hippocampal neurons,it may work through a variety of signaling pathways including Glu-NR-Ca2+ to maintain the steady-state of Ca2+ concentration in hippocampal neurons, and then to protect neurons from the neurotoxic effects of excitatory.

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A study on the relationship between the polymorphisms in Interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein-like 2 and cognitive ability of the children in Qin-Ba mountainous region

Pingyuan GONG ; Xiaocai GAO ; Bo HE ; Kejin ZHANG ; Zijian ZHENG ; Shaoping HUANG ; Fuchang ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2010;19(9):772-775. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2010.09.002

Objective To explore the relationship between interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein-like 2 (IL1RAPL2) gene and cognitive abilities of children in Qin-Ba mountainous region. Methods Four tagged SNPs (rs5962434,rs5916817, rs3764765 and rs5962298 ) in IL1RAPL2 were selected, and then genotyped by PCR-SSCP method in a 320 children sample aged from six to fourteen years old. Results The results showed the rs5962434, rs5916817 ,rs3764765 and rs5962298 had no deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P＞0.05),and there were no significant statistical differences in the average psychometric scores of general cognitive ability(P=0.81,0.53,0.79,0.90) ,verbal comprehension (P=0.58,0.47,0.69,0.87 ) ,memory and concentration (P=0.69,0.35,0.76,0.90) among the compared genotype groups at each of the markers. Furthermore,the results also indicated that the four SNPs were not associated with perceptual organization in males and females respectively (P = 0.70,0.85,0.76,0.90,0.65,0.22,0.98,0.90 ). Conclusion The present work suggests that the human general cognitive ability, the three cognitive factors of C-WISC scale are not influenced manifestly by the genetic variations in IL1RAPL2.

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A comparsion study on the social functions promotion of different medicine treatment strategies on the patients with treatment-resistant depression

Weihong LU ; Chengmei YUAN ; Zhenghui YI ; Zuowei WANG ; Jun CHEN ; Zhiguo WU ; Wu HONG ; Yingyan HU ; Lan CAO ; Yiru FANG

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2010;19(9):787-790. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2010.09.006

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of different medicine treatment strategies on the social functions promotion on the patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods 375 Patients with TRD were randomly grouped into 8 groups, and each group was received 8 weeks different treatment for paroxetine,venlafaxine, mirtazapine, paroxetine plus risperidone, paroxetine plus sodium valproate, paroxetine plus buspirone, paroxetine plus trazodone,or paroxetine plus thyroxine, respectively. The efficacy and social functions were evaluated with HAMD-17, SDSS and SF-36. Results There were significant difference in SDSS scores between 8th week and the baseline( P＜0.01 ) , and for social functions factor scores of SF-36 there was significant difference between 4th ,8th week and the baseline in each groups( P＜0.01 ). There were significant difference in social functions factor scores of SF-36 and subtracting scores between 4th and 8th week in all groups except group paroxetine and group venlafaxine(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ). There were significant difference in SDSS subtracting scores at 8th week among 8 groups( paroxetine plus risperidone group 7.05 ± 6.39, mirtazapine group 6.53 ± 4.75, paroxetine plusthyroxine group 5.14 ± 4.94, paroxetine group 5.13 ± 4.94 ,paroxetine plus trazodone group 5.00 ± 4.94, paroxetine plus sodium valproate group 4.60 ± 4.09, venlafaxine group 4.57 ± 4.18, paroxetine plus buspirone group 4.24 ± 4.95 ) ( Z = 2.076, P ＜ 0.05 ), between group paroxetine plus risperidone and group venlafaxine , group paroxetine plus sodium valproate, group paroxetine plus buspirone,as group mirtazapine and group paroxetine plus buspirone(P＜ 0.05 ), respectively. The influencing factors on improving social functions are the severity, improvement of depressive symptoms and latest onset time. Conclusions These 8 treatment strategies all can promote social functions on the patients with TRD. But the intensity and chronological order of improvement werent the same among 8 groups. The influencing factors on improving social functions are the severity, improvement of depressive symptoms and latest onset time.

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Changes of error-related brain activity in generalized anxiety disorder patients

Min ZHANG ; Jijun WANG ; Zeping XIAO

Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science.2010;19(9):781-783. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2010.09.004

Objective To explore the traits of error-related negativity (ERN) in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) patients. Methods Thirty GAD patients and thirty normal controls were enrolled in this study. Use the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to assess the severity of symptoms. Error-related negativity was elicited by the modified Eriksen Flanker task, recorded by Brain Products' EEG/ERP recording system,and the EEG signals were analyzed off line by Brain Analyzer software. Results There were no significant differences between two groups at age, gender composition, handedness and education (P ＞ 0.05 ), the scores of HAMA, SAI and TAI were significantly higher in GAD group than NC group( t = 8.225, P ＜ 0.001; t = 4.093, P ＜0.001; t = 6.742, P ＜ 0.001 ) ,there were no significant difference in behavioral reactions between two groups (P ＞0.05) except for non-response rate(GAD:(15.29 ± 18.18)% ,NC:(7.23 ±7.99)%; t=2.184, P=0.035).The ERN amplitudes of GAD group were larger than these of NC group( FCz: GAD: ( -8.76 ±5.74) μV,NC:( -6.91 ± 3.07 )μV, F = 6.924, P = 0.012), yet the ERN latency did not show any significant group difference.There were no significant correlations between HAMA scores and ERN amplitudes/latencies. Conclusion The increased amplitudes of ERN possibly reflect the abnormally activated internal error monitoring process in GAD patients.

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