Objective　To study the relationship between the stress-related psychosocial factors and the psychosomatic symptoms of sterilized women. Methods　120 sterilized women were assessed with Symptom Check List 90(SCL-90),Social Supports Questionnaire(SSQ),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ),Psychosocial Stress Scale for Group(PSSG)and a self-developed preoperative cognition scale.Data were analysed with SPSS. Results　There was a significant correlation between scores of psychosomatic symptoms and stress-related psychosocial factors such as EPQ-N,subjective social support(SSS),negative emotion(NE),positive emotion(PE),negative coping style(NC) and some negative characteristics of pre-operative cognition.Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that EPQ-N,PE and religion belief were in the equation. Conclusion　The results indicated that neurotic syndrome of sterilized women may be mediated or influenced by negative characteristics of cognition,emotion,coping style and personality.