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Korean Leprosy Bulletin.2006;39(2):57-61.

The name of St. Lazarus is commonly found in relation with leprosarium throughout the world but the historical background about how it has been used is less well known. Originally Lazarus was the man who was resurrected by Jesus Christ four days after his death caused by an illness. Considering the unique personal history of Lazarus, it is understandable that Lazarus was revered as the patron for patients with serious illnesses in the society of Christianity thereafter. The actual popularity of his name in Europe was from the era of Crusade in Middle Age, when the Order having its name was first founded. The Order contributed greatly for the leprous patients rapidly increased in Europe after the Crusade. Subsequently lazarhouse came to be regarded as leprosarium. At the present time, the Order is still working for the poor countries and human rights.
Christianity ; Europe ; Human Rights ; Humans ; Leprosy* ; Middle Aged

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A Report of present Japanese Leprosy situation.

Yong Ma HAH

Korean Leprosy Bulletin.2006;39(2):51-56.

No abstract available.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Humans ; Leprosy*

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The Recent National Hansen Programme in Some Countries.

Jong Pill KIM

Korean Leprosy Bulletin.2006;39(2):37-50.

Prevalence of Hansen's disease is reduced about 90% all over the world 20 years by the active efforts of World Health Organization and every country government. As a result, Hansen's disease remains as the public-health problem in only 10 countries after 2003. Recently, patients ware converged in 5 countries such as India, Brazil, Mozambique, Nepal, Madagascar, prevalence of these country 83% of all patients in the world, 88% of new patients of the world. Recently the general society-interests about Hansen's disease are fallen because of the reducing the importance in the public health service and the decreasing of the occurrence of the new patients of Hansen's disease. And the special workers about Hansen's disease and the supports from the government and international organization were reduced. So many workers are worried about the reducing of the quality of Hansen programme, delayed diagnosis and possibility of disability. And Hansen's disease is not actually the main concerns of public-health problem all over the world, but recently the Hansen's disease is known as the major cause of neuropathy and blindness among the infectious disease. For the use of the references of decisionmaking of the national Hansen programme I have reviewed and compared the national Hansen programme in some countries.
Blindness ; Brazil ; Communicable Diseases ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Humans ; India ; Leprosy ; Madagascar ; Mozambique ; Nepal ; Prevalence ; United States Public Health Service ; World Health Organization

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Spacer graft combined with canthal sling in paralytic ectropion(Part 2).

Sung yul AHN ; Hyang Joon PARK

Korean Leprosy Bulletin.2006;39(2):29-36.

The lower eyelid descent and ectropion is resulted from either a decrease in intrinsic forces by senile change or an increase in extrinsic forces by the augmented distraction activity as a result of surgery, laser therapy, or trauma. Although facial nerve palsy in patients with leprosy causes paralysis of the orbicularis muscle, its antagonizing muscles, namely, the levator of the upper lid and the capsulopalpebral fascia of the lower lid, are functioning properly, resulting in lagophthalmos and retraction of the eyelids. There are various conventional surgical methods to correct the ectropion and retraction of the lower lid such as lateral canthoplasty, lateral canthopexy, lateral tarsal strip procedure as well as medial tarsorraphy. Spacer graft, recently introduced, is used to create separation between the tarsal plate and the capsulopalpebral fascia, and to insert maerials like palatal mucoperiosteum, conchal cartilage or Alloderm into the space between the two structures. In this study, we added to one more process to the routine procedure, canthal sling, in which two ends of lengthened Alloderm by 15mm were fixed to both canthal ligaments like a fascial sling. Spacer graft combined with concomitant cnathal sling was proven to be effective in elevating and reducing retraction of the lower lid, and to be superior to any other conventional methods.
Cartilage ; Ectropion ; Eyelids ; Facial Nerve ; Fascia ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Leprosy ; Ligaments ; Muscles ; Paralysis ; Transplants*

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Acute abdomen in Hansen's disease.

Sung Gun LEE

Korean Leprosy Bulletin.2006;39(2):19-28.

INTRODUCTION: The acute abdomen define as an acute abdominal condition which needs immediate decision for treatment. The retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the characteristic of the acute abdomen in Hansen's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An analysis was made of the records of 53 patients in surgical department at the National Soocdo Hospital from January, 2003 through December, 2005 for 3 years. RESULTS: The sex ratio of male to female was 1:1.04, and the mean age was 75.1 years. The most prevalent age group was in between 71 to 75 years of age(24.5%). Common diseases of acute abdomen were gastrointestinal bleeding(28.3%), acute appendicitis(17.0%), biliary tract disease(15.1%), intestinal obstruction(15.1%) in order of frequency. The operation rate was 32.1%(17 case). As for operative procedure, appendectomy was done in 9 cases, cholecystectomy was done in 3 cases, subtotal gastrectomy was done in 2 cases , palliative gastrectomy and gastric primary closure with omental patch and adhesiolysis with small bowel primary closure was done in 1 case each. The overall mortality rate was 24.5%(13 case). CONCLUSION: Gastrointestinal bleeding and intestinal obstruction was more frequent than other old age group. The operation rate was low, and the mortality rate was high. This study suggests that more active and surgical treatment need in acute abdomen of Hansen's disease patients.
Abdomen, Acute* ; Appendectomy ; Biliary Tract ; Cholecystectomy ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Leprosy* ; Male ; Mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Ratio ; Surgical Procedures, Operative

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Analysis of Satisfaction with Removal Dental Prosthesis among Hansen`s Patients.

Dong Chan OH ; Lee Haw KIM ; Myung Hee SONG ; Seung Hun KOOK ; Jai Woo KIM ; Jai Young CHO ; Mi Ja CHOI ; Yung Cheul KIM

Korean Leprosy Bulletin.2006;39(2):3-18.

The purposes of this study were to investigate the satisfaction of use of removable denture elated to general, functional and esthetic factors among dental patients in national sorokdo hospital, and to establish the structure relationships of dental treatment satisfaction. Two hundred fifty hansen`s patients who consented with this survey were selected and examined their oral status. Satisfaction degree was estimated by means of self-developed questionarires, filled out by face-to-face interview. Collected data were analyzed by t-tast The obtained results were as follow : 1. The satisfaction degree of four subscales was highest in esthetic actor (3.17+/-0.36), denture retention factor(3.10+/-0.60), general treatment satisfaction factor(2.94+/-0.56), and masticatory function factor (2.90+/-0.68) in descending order. It was appeared that patients was generally satisfied with all four factor. 2. On the comparison between proportion of denture satisfaction and satisfactio 02n of subscales, as the satisfaction of general treatment, masticatory function and denture retention were increased, the proportion of denture satisfaction of esthetic function and proportion of denture satisfaction. 3. The masticatiory function factor, denture retention factor and genernal satisfaction of treatment factor were directly affected on the denture satisfaction, but esthetic factor was affected indirectly on the denture satisfaction as a result of path analysis
Dental Prosthesis* ; Denture Retention ; Dentures ; Humans

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The Analysis of Physical Deformity of the Persons Inflicted with Leprosy Basis on Outpatients visited hospital .

Jong Pill KIM ; Youn Sil KIM ; Young Hoon KO

Korean Leprosy Bulletin.2003;36(1):35-54.

Recently the detection rate of new patients of leprosy becomes low in Korea. Deformity is defined as any deviation from the normal appearance of any parts of the body. Deformity can become a handicap for a person's whole life-time. So the leprosy is the causes of physical deformities, the leprologists must be concern about the physical deformities. For the purpose of evaluating the physical deformities of person inflicted with leprosy, a study was carried out of 870 leprosy out-patients [(who had visited Institute for Leprosy Research, Korean Hansen Welfare Association during 1 year(Oct. 2001- Sep. 2002)]. Of 870 patients, 806 (92.6%) had one more deformities or disfigurements, 806 (92.6%) had deformities or disfigurements of face, 537 (61.0%) had deformities or disfigurements of hands, and 349 (40.1%) had deformities or disfigurements of feet.
Congenital Abnormalities* ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Korea ; Leprosy* ; Outpatients*

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Evaluation of an Immunochromatography Assay Kit for the Detection of Antibodies to the Mycobacterium leprae-specific Phenolic Glycolipid-I Antigen.

Jong Pill KIM ; Sang Nae CHO ; Young Hoon KO

Korean Leprosy Bulletin.2003;36(1):27-34.

Among the many reported applications of the detection of antibodies to phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) of Mycobacterium leprae, the use of seroprevalence as an indicator of the magnitude of the leprosy problem may turn out to be very useful in leprosy control programs. In order to facilitate the use of PGL-I based serology in leprosy control programs, however, a simple test system for the detection of antibodies to PGL-I has been required. For being searched the meaning of qualitative analysis for PGL-I antibodies, we examined enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunochromatographic assay kit using PGL-I neoglycoconjugate antigens. The sensitivity was 91.7%, and the specificity was 78.1%.
Antibodies* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Immunochromatography* ; Leprosy ; Mycobacterium leprae ; Mycobacterium* ; Phenol* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Serologic Tests

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Detection of point mutation at C-terminal region of phagosomal coat protein (TACO) in patients with leprosy.

Se Kon KIM ; Tae Jin KANG ; Byoung Chul KIM ; Gue Tae CHAE

Korean Leprosy Bulletin.2003;36(1):11-26.

Mycobacteria, which are highly successful pathogen, resist delivary to lysosomes and instead survive within a specialized vacuole, the mycobacterial phagosome. The bacteria survive intracellularly because they are able to actively recruit and retain TACO ( tryptophane aspartate-containing coat protein ) at the mycobacterial phagosome, where it prevents lysosomal delivary in a cholesterol-dependent manner. In this study, we investigated the difference of TACO expression is whether related to mutant in coro1a gene in patients with leprosy and normal volunteer. First, we screened for detection of a mutant in the leucine zipper motif within the exon 11, and then in the exon 9 to 10, and finally in the coiled-coil region. Interestingly, single base substitutions ( point mutation ) presents at assembly site of U1 snRNP, around of 5' splice site in the intron 9, there are a C to T and G to A transition are at 9 bp and 14 bp downstream of 5' splice site, respectively, and both of it. Among the 3 types of polymorphism, frequency of a G to A transition is markedly increased in patients of lepromatous type, which are new cases or relapsed. Both a C to T and G to A transitions are found in 1 case of tuberculoid type and 2 cases in lepromatoue type, but not found in control group. The silent mutation in leucine zipper motif within the exon 11 is located at codon at 454 ( CTG-->CTA), which is 1st leucine from C-terminal among four leucine zipper. In coiled-coil region, no mutation is found in genomic DNA of patients with leprosy. Further, we will do functional study about the identified point mutation and will screen any possible mutation in the region of promotor and WD repeat.
Bacteria ; Codon ; DNA ; Exons ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Introns ; Leprosy* ; Leucine ; Leucine Zippers ; Lysosomes ; Phagosomes ; Point Mutation* ; Ribonucleoprotein, U1 Small Nuclear ; RNA Splice Sites ; Tryptophan ; Vacuoles

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Anlysis of the resalts of the Anti-PGL-1 ELISA Test.

Chong Han CHUN

Korean Leprosy Bulletin.2000;33(2):101-106.

We had given the Anti-PGL-1 ELISA test to the 235 leprosy patients in our Hospital from July 1999 to Aug 2000. There are 48 patients(20.4%) who are over 200 PGL-1 Ab score and 11 patients(4.7%) who are over 500. The patients who are over 500 of PGL-1 Ab score are all lepromatous leprosy and they have been treated from 5 to 49 years. Two patients among them are positive patients and 9 patients are to be observed only I think that they need to be followed up and if the score of Ab has incresed. We suspect that those patients will become active.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; Humans ; Leprosy ; Leprosy, Lepromatous

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