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Range of motion of shoulder and hip in Chinese Han population and its influence factors：focus on gender and ;age(

Jie WANG ; Ling BAI ; Jianwen WANG ; Kai LI ; Rong LI ; Xiaojie ZHAO

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):488-492. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.017

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of gender and age on shoulder and hip range of motion (ROM) and to determine the differences of ROM of normal side shoulder and hip joints between the data we collected and the published standards (Guideline of Examination for Body Impairment in Clinical Forensic Medicine SF/ZJD0103003-2011) in China. Methods We collected cases with unilateral injury of shoulder or hip from clinical forensic medicine. The differences of ROM of normal side joint between the data we collected and the published standards were studied. Descriptive statistics was calculated between male and female subjects in ifve age groups including 0~25, 26~40, 41~50, 51~60 and >60 years, and the ROM changes with age were also studied. Results The data collected in this study was signiifcantly different from the published standard. With age growth, the ROM of shoulder and hip were decreased and a significant difference between genders in partial activity direction of shoulder and hip was found in the individuals who were over 50 years. Conclusion Gender and age appear to be inlfuential factors to determine the normal ROM of the shoulder and hip joint, and there is signiifcantly difference of ROM of normal side shoulder and hip joints between the data we collected and the published standards (Guideline of Examination for Body Impairment in Clinical Forensic Medicine SF/ZJD0103003-2011).

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Analysis of 400 forensic cases of mental disorders due to brain damage

Lanmei SA ; Anping TANG ; Juan GENG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):485-487. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.016

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and related factors of mental disorder caused by brain injury in the judicial identiifcation of mental illness. Methods Forensic case data of brain injury ware collected and analized. Brain injury sverity was classied into 3 groups, namely severe group(group A); moderate group (group B) and mild group(group C) according to neurosurgery GCS scores; clinical characteristics were analyzed, diagnosis were made against the Chinese Classiifcation of Mental Disorders (the 3rd ed.) (CCMD-3). Relationship between the clinical characteristics and brain damage severity was analyzed. Results Organic neurosis-like syndromes are the main manifestation of mental disorders caused by mild and moderate brain injuries. Organic intellectual deifciency is the main manifestation of mental disorders due to severe brain injury. The difference between the three groups was significant (P ≤ 0.01). Conclusion Different clinical features are related to different brain injury severities in the forensic evaluation of mental disability.

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Analysis of the differences of gender and age in six suicide methods in 548 cases(

Feng LI ; Haipeng JIA ; Jianyong ZENG ; Li TAN ; Songting HU ; Dingke XIAO ; Feng SHI ; Junhua HUANG ; Jikui ZHANG ; Xuesong LU

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):482-484. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.015

Objective This study aims to explore the characteristics of gender and age in six different suicide methods in urban area of China. Methods We collected 548 suicides from Shanghai, Jinhua, Wuhan, Loudi and Duyun, and then analyzed the age and gender characteristics in each suicide method. Results In the age characteristics, the mean age for jumping and hanging was oldest (about 55 years old), followed by drowning and hanging (about 49 years old), oral intake poisoning was much younger (about 49 years old), while carbon monoxide poisoning was youngest (about 37 years old). In the gender differences, male were more than females in suicides by sharp object (52:24), hanging (67:33) and jumping (55:45), while females were more than males in suicides by drowning (58:42). Conclusion The age and gender difference was eminent in different suicide methods. Carbon monoxide poisoning was the youngest age group in suicides and males involved more than females in suicides by mechanical methods.

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Anomalous genotype observation of 4 multi-copy RM Y-STRs

Wenqiong ZHANG ; Chao XIAO ; Jin YU ; Yunshu JIA ; Daixin HUANG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):476-479. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.013

Objective To observe anomalous genotypes of 4 multi-copy RM Y-STRs in Han population in Hubei province. Methods 252 unrelated male samples were ampliifed using reported and newly designed primers, then detected and analyzed by AB 3130 genetic analyzer. Results A total of 25 anomalous multi-band patterns were observed in 20 samples corresponding to an incident rate of 7.94%. 5 anomalous genotypes were observed in DYF387S1 locus, 15 in DYF399S1, 1 in DYF403S1 and 4 in DYF404S1. Four samples showed extra alleles in more than one locus. Conclusion Anomalous genotype has high incident rates in RM Y-STR markers and requires extensive attention in forensic practice.

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The application of mRNA in body lfuid identiifcation and tissue resource(

Hemiao ZHAO ; Chong WANG ; Wanshui LI ; Zheng TU ; Xiulan XU ; Hui SUN ; Lan HU

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):463-466. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.009

The identiifcation of body lfuid and their tissue resource is an important part of forensic medicine research. Conventional methods have imperfections like high false positive rate and may destroy biomaterial, which should be replaced by a new conifrmatory test. Highly-differentiated cells express speciifc mRNA molecules that can be used for body lfuid identiifcation. These mRNA markers can identify body lfuids like peripheral blood, menstrual blood, semen, saliva, vaginal secretion, skin-contact stains. This method have favorable sensitivity, speciifcity and can be detected after years, made it a ideal way to identify current body lfuids in the future. This review focus on the application of mRNA in body lfuid identiifcation and tissue resource.

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Transplantation time and detection method of allo-HSCT and the DNA of the recipients and its significance ;in forensic medicine(

Chunli DING ; Feng ZHAO ; Xue ZHOU ; Xuebo LI ; Hao MENG ; Qiang FANG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):459-462. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.008

There were many factors that affect the chimerism of donor DNA, such as the type of disease, the treatment of the disease, the severity of the disease, the source of hematopoietic stem cells, HLA, GVHD, and so on. This paper mainly discussed the two factors that affect forensic science, including the posttransplantation intervals and sensitivity of the detection method. Forensic workers in forensic practice and paternity and individual identification of allo HSCT recipients, should pay attention to the time after transplantation and the detection method of sensitivity of chimerism. When female recipients received HSCT in the case of male donors, Y chromosome DNA of the donor can be detected from the recipient's hair follicles. The case of biological specimens from the crime scene can not only detect Y chromosome speciifc genetic markers, so as to avoid wrong identiifcation.

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Research cumulative paternity index in single-parentage identiifcation with stochastic simulation method

Mi ZHOU ; Chongyang DUAN ; Jun WANG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):452-455. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.006

Objective To analyze a large number of Cumulative Paternity Index (CPI) data in Single-parentage identification with stochastic simulation method. Methods Using the software in Identifiler, PP18D, AGCU EX20, PP21, AGCU 21+1 system, 1 million groups of STR genotyping of parent-child were analyzed. The average rate of very low CPI (RVLCPI), the median of PI in every loci (MPI), and the average PI of 39 STR loci (PIsolo) were counted out. And calculation formula of the number of STR loci that need more testing (N) was derived. Results RVLCPI in Identiifler, PP18D, AGCU EX20, PP21, AGCU 21+1 system were 24.9%, 6.5%, 1.4%, 0.7%, 0.000 1%. On the premise of inclusion relations between every kits, the number of autosome STR loci is inversely proportional to RVLCPI. PIsolo was 1.843 2. There was a signiifcant positive correlation between MPI and PEduo (r=0.956, P<0.001). The formula of the number of STR loci that need more testing was N=?log1.843 2(10 000/P)?. Conclusion The result and the formula in this paper are effcient in single-parentage identiifcation.

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The effect of S1PR2/3 during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

Xiaojia ZHANG ; Jinding LIU ; Jiaqi WANG ; Gengqian ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):448-451. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.005

Objective To observe the effect of S1PR2/3 on heart during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Methods Healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: control group, sham operation group, IR group, IR group treated with DMSO, IR group treated with Cym5541( agonist of S1P3), IR group treated with Cay10444 (antagonist of S1P3), IR group treated with Cay10444/Jte-013 (antagonist both S1P3 and S1P2). In vivo model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion was established. The hemodynamics, infarction area and mortality was recorded. Results Compared with IR, the S1PR3 antagonist group and S1PR2/3 antagonist group showed signiifcantly reduction of heart rate(HR) and increament left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP)(P<0.05). In addition, the infarction area was increased in the S1PR3 antagonist group and S1PR2/3 antagonist treated group (55.7%:28.8%, 51.6%:28.8%), respectively. Treatment with S1PR3 agonist reduced the infarct size compared with IR group(18.6%:28.8%). Blocking S1P2/3 receptors increased IR-induced mortality signiifcantly (53%:22%, P<0.05). Conclusion S1PR2/3 have a beneifcial effect on heart. S1PR2 and S1PR3 were involved in the IR-induced SCD.

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Time-dependent expression of FZD4 in contused skeletal muscle of rat used for wound age estimation

Junhong SUN ; Xiyan ZHU ; Xiaohong ZHANG ; Qiqing LIU ; Qiuxiang DU ; Yingyuan WANG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):444-447. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.004

Objective Take frizzled class receptor 4(FZD4) as an example for exploring whether the transmembrane receptor protein is a suitable marker for wound age estimation. Methods A total of 78 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into the control group and the contusion groups of 4h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 20h, 24h, 28h, 32h, 36h, 40h, 44h, and 48h after injury (n=6). Using a drop-ball technique, a contusion was produced in the right lamb of rats. The samples were dissected from injury zones. Then the expression of FZD4 was detected using immunofluorescence, real-time PCR and western blot, respectively. Results FZD4 was located on the membrane of skeletal muscle cells. Compared to the control group, FZD4 mRNA showed a signiifcant increase (over 2-fold) in 8h, 12h, 36h, and 40h after injury by Real-time PCR (P<0.05), and FZD4 protein showed a statistical up-regulation (less than 2-fold) in 8h, 36h, 40h, 44h, and 48h post contusion by western blotting (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of FZD4 mRNA and protein are both time-dependent during contused skeletal muscle repair. To some degree, FZD4 mRNA was more suitable than corresponding protein for determining wound age.

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Correlation between postmortem intervals and the changes of 18s rRNA degradation in liver after death under the ;condition of different temperature(

Zhuqing JIANG ; Dong ZHAO ; Haidong ZHANG ; Xu WANG ; Meng YOU ; Xi CHEN ; Xiaoxu ZHU ; Wei ZHONG ; Shi FENG ; Lin CHANG ; Tiantong YANG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):441-443. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.003

Objective To investigate the relationship between Ct value of mice liver and postmortem interval (PMI) under various ambient temperatures. Methods mice were stored at 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, 25℃ and 30℃ after execution, and total RNA was extracted from mice liver every 6 hours (PMI 6h to 72h). The levels of 18s rRNA were examined using real-time PCR. The results were expressed by cycle threshold (Ct) value to explore relationship between PMI and Ct value, and the interpolation functions were established to estimate PMI. Results In each group, Ct value increased with PMI increased. Surface equation was obtained after interpolation analysis on temperature range 10℃~30℃. The three-variable quintic surface equation was f(x, y)=-426.9+30.82x+44.48y-1.297x2-1.837xy-1.388y2+0.034 38x3+0.038 17x2y+0.038 67xy2+0.028 77y3-0.000 612 9x4-3.897e-7x3y-0.001 223x2y2+0.000 256 6xy3-0.000 537 4y4+3.606e-6x5-2.846e-6x4y+1.009e-5x3y2-3.439e-6x2y3-2.556e-7xy4+2.664e-6y5(r2=0.999 4). Conclusion The rule of Ct value changes at ambient temperature complied with three-variable quintic surface equation distribution. Measurement of interpolation function may be used for PMI estimation at ambient temperature.

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