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Forensic analysis on 116 female homicide cases

Shujian FAN ; Min ZHANG ; Changchun WU ; Xizhe DONG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(4):382-383,386. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.04.016

This thesis found the female homicide cases present its own characteristics because of differences in psychological, physiology characteristics, character between males and females through the statistical analysis of age distribution, the relationship between criminal suspects and victims, the classification of crime scenes, injury tools and the mortal wound positions of 116 female homicide cases in Lianyungang between 1993 to 2014. Mostly, the relationship between criminal suspects and victims is family, especially couple or valentine; the crime scenes are frequently indoor, especially bedrooms. They always choose production and life tools when victims are in deep sleep or drunk time to make the victims asphyxia, posioning or drowning. The injuries focus on vitals and usually hit many times lead to mortal wound, agonal trauma and postmortem injury.

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Determination of methomyl in human blood by LC/MS

Meiling ZHANG ; Zhennan ZHANG ; Congcong WEN ; Zhiyi WANG ; Dan LIN ; Xianqin WANG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(4):367-368,372. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.04.011

Objective To develop a sensitive and simple LC/MS method for determination of methomyl in blood samples.Methods Methomyl was extracted from blood by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate, and then analyzed on a Zorbax SB-C18 (2.1mm×50mm, 5μm) column. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid with gradient elution, at a lfow rate of 0.5 mL/min, at 40℃. LC-MS was performed in ESI source with MRM mode for quantiifcation.ResultsThe linear range of the concentration were 0.05~2.0μg/mL for methomyl (r>0.995). The relative recoveries of methomyl were in the range of 90%~108%. The RSDs of intra-days and inter-day were both less than 15%.Conclusion The method is a simple, quick, sensitive and could be used for determination of methomyl in blood samples.

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Application of the identification diatom test in drowning

Wei BI ; Weidong YANG ; Yuming XING ; Baowen CHENG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(4):358-359,363. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.04.008

In forensic case, the location diagnosis determination of drowning has been one of the most important and dififcult diagnosis. Then diatom test is considered to be a relatively reliable method for the diagnosis of drowning. According to community characteristics inferred from diatoms into the different water region has been credibility. The study of the diatoms in different waters identiifcation is reference to the determination of the body drowned into the water area. In this paper, the research progress of diatom relevant biological characteristics and test methods on review for forensic workers is related to the further research and reference case in practice.

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The status and problems of forensic identiifcation standards

Xin LIU ; Lidan AO

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(4):327-329,335. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.04.001

Standardization of Forensic Sciences is a worldwide judicial topic, with the implementation of judicial reform and the government’s intention on the standardization work, China,the golden age of the establishment of forensic identiifcation standards will becoming. However, the current standards of forensic identiifcation are less in quantity;uneven quality;slow updating; lack of scientiifcity in making standards procession and other issues, leading to the derailment of Forensic work and practice, many projects identiifed lack of identiifed standards. To this end, the authors suggested that a correct understanding of the legal status of forensic identiifcation standards and the presence of errors, committing to build forensic identiifcation standardization.

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Analysis of falling height and trauma in 246 cases of fatal fall

Xuesong LU ; Jianyu DAI ; Feng LI ; Haipeng JIA ; Bo CUI ; Yong ZHANG ; Han ZHANG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):480-481,484. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.014

Objective To analyze the characteristic of trauma in 246 fatal falls. Methods We collect 246 cases of fatal falls from Pudong district of Shanghai from 2005 to 2014, and then analyze the characteristics of trauma by using different parameters. Results The height in suicides by fall is higher than accidents by fall (25.7m:13.98m). In all fatal falls, head has a higher possibility in suffering trauma than other body regions (75.2%), while neck has a lower possibility (6.5%). The possibility of head trauma in accidents by fall is higher than suicides by fall (89.4%:75.2%). Conclusion Comparing with suicides by fall, victims in accidents by fall have lack of protection from limbs. Besides, the low rate of ifnding neck trauma suggests legal physicians should be more careful in examining this area.

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Progress and perspectives of microRNA research in forensic biological evidence(

Rong HU ; Chen FANG ; Xu LIU ; Yunhe AN ; Huijuan WU ; Jiangwei YAN

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(5):456-458,462. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.05.007

MicroRNA has speciifc biological and expression properties in transcription level, which has more potential than genomic DNA in the identification for forensic body fluid, species and degraded crime biological materials. Here we introduce the speciifc research of forensic body lfuid identiifcation, research strategies and applied perspectives with forensic miRNA, expecting to provide the application and study of miRNA analysis for reference.

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Optimization of a forensic DNA extraction kits and its applicability evaluation

Yiren YAO ; Xue BAI ; Jimin XU ; Youzheng WANG ; Yongmin YU ; Sisi ZHANG ; Xingchun ZHAO

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(6):595-597,598. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.06.016

Objective To construct a rapid genetic DNA extraction method, with nano magnetic beads, self-designed reagents system and extracting process. Method Part I: DNA extraction from old blood cotton swab sample with self-designed DNA extraction kit, then quantiifed by UV spectrophotometer. The method was further optimized on the preliminary results. Part II: All kinds of difficult DNA sample were tested with optimized kit, to detect the applicability of the kit. Result By improving the experimental condition, the extraction effects of different DNA sample is good, meanwhile, the extraction cost is relatively low.

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Cell-free fetal nucleic acid in maternal plasma and noninvasive prenatal paternity testing

Jin YU ; Chao XIAO ; Daixin HUANG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(6):587-590,594. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.06.014

In recent years, the cases of prenatal paternity testing gradually increased in forensic practice. The traditional prenatal paternity analysis can be performed only after invasive sampling of chorionic villi or amniotic fluid, which can result in a risk of miscarriage. The existence of circulating cell-free fetal nucleic acid in maternal plasma has brought new opportunities for the noninvasive prenatal paternity testing. In this paper, the research situation and application prospect of circulating cell-free fetal nucleic acid in maternal plasma in prenatal paternity testing are reviewed.

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The establishment of palatal rugae digitalization system on forensic identiifcation(

Xiuping WU ; Bing LI ; Jianning HAN ; Fen PAN ; Yajing MA ; Yujin WANG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(6):567-569,573. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.06.008

Objective To establish a digital system for forensic identiifcation of the palatal rugae and evaluate its application effects. Methods High-resolution digital images of the palatal rugae were harvested under the standard condition and processed including data collection, noise reduction, contrast enhancement, image segmentation, feature extraction, edge detection, and information matching. Apply an MATLAB software system to develop a digital system for forensic identiifcation of the palatal rugae ,and its application effects were evaluated. Results A digital system for forensic identification of the palatal rugae was successfully established. The digital system had an accuracy rate of 100%. Conclusion Establishing a digital system for forensic identiifcation of the palatal rugae provides a novel method for forensic identiifcation.

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The alteration of energy metabolism and oxidative injury in the myocardia suffering from lethal ventricular ;tachyarrhythmia (

Zongtai ZHENG ; Wenfang CHEN ; Jiaquan WENG ; Nanwei ZHANG ; Zhiwei SHEN ; Jiayan WU ; Xingxing WANG ; Dian WANG

Chinese Journal of Forensic Medicine.2016;31(6):543-546,549. doi:10.13618/j.issn.1001-5728.2016.06.002

Objective To investigate the alteration of energy metabolism and oxidative injury in the myocardia suffering from lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmia (LVTA). Methods Two LVTA-SCD SD rat models, induced by aconitine injection or coronary artery ligation (CAL), respectively, were developed. Rats that died from over-anaesthesia or CAL-induced heart failure were served as their controls, respectively. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malonaldehyde (MDA), phosphocreatine (PCr) in the ventricular myocardia, and serum troponin I (cTnI) were detected, and compared between LVTA rats and their controls. Results Fourteen ACO-LVTA and six CAL-LVTA rats were successfully developed. As compared to their controls, ACO-LVTA and CAL-LVTA rats had higher ROS and MDA content, and lower concentration of PCr in the ventricular myocardia. MDA content in ACO-LVTA group is signiifcantly higher than that of its control (P<0.05). MMP in myocardia of ACO-LVTA is lower than that of its control, but is higher than those of two CAL groups. Serum cTnI in rats of both LVTA models is higher than those of their controls and pre-treated control. Specially, serum cTnI in CAL-LVTA was signiifcantly higher than that of ACO-LVTA and its control (P<0.01). The myocardial ROS content is correlated with the duration of VT and VF (P<0.05), with correlation coefifcients being 0.44 and 0.46, respectively. Conclusions After LVTA, the ventricular myocardia had lower MMP and PCr content, higher concentration of ROS, MDA, as well as higher serum cTnI than their controls, indicative of oxidative injury and alteration of energy metabolism under LVTA-SCD.

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