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Foreign military specialized medicament:advances in pharmaceutical formulation research

Xiangyang XIE ; Zhenbo YANG ; Mingyuan LI ; Xingguo MEI

Military Medical Sciences.2014;(1):70-73. doi:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2014.01.019

Pharmaceutical preparations can directly affect the administration methods and therapeutic effects of drugs , which is a priority for the research and development of the military specialized medicament .Foreign armies started pharma-ceutical formulation research very early , and some of their research concepts and strategies are worth learning from .In this paper , dosage forms were used as the classification factor and several formulations with distinct military characteristics were described in detail .The features of military specialized medicament were analyzed from the perspective of pharmaceutics , based on which future development in the formulation of military specialized medicament was predicted .

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Analysis of operators knowledge of eletromagnet in complex electromagnetic environ-ments:a preliminary investigation

Yanchun ZHANG ; Xiaohui CHAO ; Dejun GENG ; Jinlong HE ; Yan PENG ; Yonghong WU ; Zhihui LI ; Yan GAO ; Yu LI ; Chenggang ZHANG

Military Medical Sciences.2014;(1):57-61. doi:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2014.01.015

Objective To provide reference for protection evaluation of soldiers working in a complex electromagnetic environment by investigating their knowledge on electromagnetic radiation (EMR) protection via means of a questionnaire . Methods Ninety-eight soldiers working in complex electromagnetic environments were selected by random sampling .Ques-tionnaires were designed ,involving the hazard of and protection against EMR .Then the results of the survey were analyzed . Results Ninety-four questionnaires were collected .Results showed that the soldiers had some knowledge of the difference between EMR and ionizing radiation , and the hazard of and protection against EMR , but professional training was needed . In addition, their knowledge of the hazard of and protection against EMR could be improved through education .Conclusion The knowledge about EMR is insufficient among soldiers and needs to be improved .

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Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in DNA repair genes APE1 and XRCC1 and suscep-tibility to hepatocellular carcinoma and their correlation with sensitivity of platinum chemotherapy in HCC

Zhuangwei FANG ; Zhu LIANG ; Ning WU ; Chun QIU ; Fuhuang LIN ; Bo YUAN ; Yonghong PENG ; Yong FU ; Weiping ZHOU ; Kailun ZHOU ; Xianhe XIE

Military Medical Sciences.2014;(1):48-52. doi:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2014.01.013

Objective To investigate the relationship between APE1, XRCC1 gene polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) susceptibility and to explore the correlation of APE1, XRCC1 gene polymorphisms with the sensitivity to platinum-based drugs .Methods Seventy-eight HCC patients and 80 controls were selected .By PCR and RFLP , the single nucleotide polymorphism of APE1 Asp148Glu and XRCC1 Arg194Trp genes and the susceptibility of HCC or platinum drug sensitivity were analyzed.Results The Glu/Glu genotype of APE1 could increase in the risk of HCC by 7.21 times (95%CI:1.325-29.109) (P<0.05).APE1 and XRCC1 gene polymorphisms could also affect the platinum drug resistance of HCC patients.Conclusion APE1 Asp148Glu is correlated with the susceptibility to HCC .APE1 and XRCC1 genes can be considered a target for therapy to improve the sensitivity of HCC platinum drugs .

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Functions of gene phoN1 in Shigella flexneri 2a:preliminary study

Xiaoyu NIU ; Wei HU ; Erling FENG ; Xiankai LIU ; Mei ZHANG ; Li ZHU

Military Medical Sciences.2014;(1):35-38. doi:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2014.01.010

Objective To explore the function of gene phoN1 in Shigella flexneri.Method Using the λ-Red recombi-nant system, phoN1was knocked out from S.flexneri 2a strain 301.Comparative proteomics was performed to analyze the differences between mutant and wild-type strains in protein expression profiles .Sereny tests and competitive infection assays were carried out to compare the virulence of mutant and wild-type strains .Results The deletion mutant of phoN1 was suc-cessfully constructed .No significant difference between the two strains was found in the comparative proteomics analyses . The function of gene phoN1 might be unrelated to the invasion ability of S.flexneri according to the results of Sereny tests and competitive infection assays .Conclusion Gene phoN1 might be of no use for the in vitro survival and host cell invasion of S.flexneri.

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Preparation and identification of Env-pseudotyped subtype B HIV-1

Maopeng WANG ; Chang LI ; Shouwen DU ; Yilong ZHU ; Na ZHU ; Dandan SUN ; Ningyi JIN

Military Medical Sciences.2014;(1):31-34. doi:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2014.01.009

Objective To prepare the Env-pseudotyped subtype B HIV-1 with enhanced green fluorescent protein ( EG-FP) gene,explore HIV-1 infection mechanisms and develop feasible methods of identification .Methods The Env-pseudo-typed viruses were packaged in HEK293T cells by cotransfection, and the reporter gene and P24 protein were detected by PCR, Western blot and ELISA .Reporter gene amplification , viral titration assay and a single round of infection assay were performed after the env-pseudotyped viruses infected HIV-1 permissive cell .Results and Conclusion A generation and identification method of the pseudotyped HIV-1 was established . The Env-pseudotyped subtype B HIV-1 has been prepared, which is able to infect SupT1 and TZM-bl cells through infection assay .

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Theory and practice regarding risk assessment of public health emergencies in Armed Forces

Hailong SUN ; Wen ZOU ; Wenyi ZHANG ; Shenlong LI ; Yong WANG ; Yanan LI ; Qinghua LI ; Yue LI ; Yansong SUN

Military Medical Sciences.2014;(1):10-13. doi:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2014.01.003

Risk assessment is critical to responses to public health emergencies .Practices and researches concerning risk assessment of public health emergencies in China′s military are still in the early stage .This paper summarizes the rele-vant concepts , categorization , assessment methods , and practices .Based on management requirements of risk assessment , suggestions are raised about how to strengthen the risk assessment capability of Armed Forces by formulating management rules, perfecting assessment methods and developing assessment tools .

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Human enhancement technology and its military applications and impacts

Tiezhu LOU ; Shu LIU ; Tianxi DIAO

Military Medical Sciences.2014;(1):6-9. doi:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2014.01.002

Human enhancement technology is an emerging field that aims to enhance human physical and mental power of humans with the latest developments of the life science , information science , electronic science , cognitive neuroscience and other fields .This paper provides an overview of status quo of human enhancement technology and its military applica -tions, and analyzes the factors that may adversely affect its applications .

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Intertrochanteric femoral fractures:a comparison between DHS and PFNA in efficacy

Bo QU ; Honghua WU ; Shaolin DENG ; Ling FAN ; Kai JIANG ; Xianming PAN

Military Medical Sciences.2014;(1):67-69. doi:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2014.01.018

Objective To compare DHS(dynamic hip screw )with PFNA(proximal femoral nail antirotation) treatment for intertrochanteric fractures and to analyze their postoperative complications .Methods A total of 107 patients with inter-trochanteric fractures were treated with DHS and PFNA fixation respectively .The type of fracture , postoperative complica-tions and overall efficacy were compared .Results After the follow-up of 28(24 to 36) months.DHS group had a higher overall incidence of postoperative complications than the PFNA group and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05).Conclusion In order to reduce the intertrochanteric fracture fixation complications , the type of fracture, osteoporo-sis and biomechanical fixation characteristics need to be considered when selecting surgical procedures .Postoperative func-tional rehabilitation is to be improved .The curative effect of PFNA is better than that of DHS .

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Nitrogenous chemical constituents of Weiceng

Quanwei CHEN ; Ying TIAN ; Hengwen CHEN ; Ting GAO ; Junxing DONG

Military Medical Sciences.2014;(1):62-66. doi:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2014.01.017

Objective To investigate the nitrogenous chemical constituents of Weiceng .Methods Weiceng extract was subjected to various column chromatography and spectroscopic methods were used for the elucidation of compounds .Results Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified as cyclo-(Leu-Tyr)(1), cyclo-(Phe-Tyr) (2), cyclo-(Pro-Gly) (3), L-Pyroglutamic acid methyl ester (4), uracil (5), thymine (6), N-acetylphenylalanine (7), tyrosine (8), phenylala-nine (9), phenylalanine methyl ester (10), N-methyl leucine (11), isoleucine (12), valine (13), leucine (14), glutamic acid (15), glycine (16) and aspartic acid (17).Conclusion All the seventeen compounds are isolated from Weiceng for the first time .Before this study , cyclopeptides 1-3 have never been isolated from soy bean or its products .

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Construction of eukaryotic expression vector of E4F1 and interactions between E4F1 and p53

Panfeng LIAN ; Long CHENG ; Xin GUAN ; Dayang ZOU ; Ling MEI ; Yuan SHEN ; Wei REN ; Juhui ZHANG ; Qinong YE ; Enqun WANG

Military Medical Sciences.2014;(1):53-56. doi:10.7644/j.issn.1674-9960.2014.01.014

Objective To construct eukaryotic expression vector of wild type E 4F1 and the mutant deleting amino acid region 32-81, and to detect the interaction between wild type or mutant E 4F1 and p53 and to study the effect of E4F1 on the expression level of p21.Methods Wild type and mutant sequences of E 4F1 were amplified from the mammary library using standard PCR and recombinant PCR .The sequences were cloned into pXJ 40-MYC vector to generate the MYC-E4F1 and MYC-E4F1(Δ32-81) recombinant plasmids that were transfected into 293T cells and identified by Western blotting . FLAG-p53 and MYC-E4F1 or MYC-E4F1(Δ32-81) were co-transfected into 293T cells and immunoprecipitation assay was performed to detect the interaction of wild type or mutant E 4F1 with p53.Wild type and mutant E4F1 expressing vec-tors were co-transfected into osteosarcoma U2OS cells and the expression of p21was detected.Results Recombinant plas-mids of MYC-E4F1 and MYC-E4F1(Δ32-81) were successfully constructed.Both wild type and mutant E4F1 interacted with p53.Deletion of amino acid region 32-81 of E4F1 increased the interaction .The expression level of p21 was in-creased by wild-type E4F1, but not by mutant E4F1.Conclusion The eukaryotic expression vector of wild type E4F1 and its deletion mutant is successfully constructed .Both of them interact with p53.Deletion of amino acid region 32-81 of E4F1 increases the interaction .This study contributes to further studies on the regulation and mechanism of E 4F1 on p53.

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