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Additive e ffects of hyperinsulinemia and ischemia on canine myocardial GLUT4 gene expression in vivo

Renfu YIN ; Jun ZHAO ; Jinming CHEN ; Zonggui WU ; Shaohua QIU ; Yongmei WANG ; Ruimei WU

Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University.2001;22(2):115-117.

Objective: To investigate whether there is additi ve effects of hyperinsulinemia and ischemia on expression of canine myocardial G LUT4 gene in vivo. Methods: The expression of myocardial GLU T4 was determined by semiquantitative immunoblotting.The expression of GLUT4 mRN A was determined by semiquantitative Northern blotting. Results: Dramatic changes were seen in GLUT4 mRNA and GLUT4 expression in the ischemic hearts.After infusing insulin for 8 h,regional GLUT4 mRNA and GLUT4 levels in is chemic hearts were 2.5, 2.3-fold that of expression in normal hearts(P<0.01 ). Myocardial glucose uptake in ischemic hearts was increased by 4-fold when co mpared with normal hearts(P<0.01). Conclusion: There are not only additive effects of hyperinsulinemia and low-flow ischemia on canine myoc ardial GLUT4 mRNA and GLUT4 expression in vivo, but also increase of myocar dial glucose uptake. Enhanced GLUT4 expression may be an important protective m echanism by which myocardial cells enhance glucose uptake and metabolism during low-flow ischemia.

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Tetrandrine improves myocardial stunning in vitamin D3-induced calcium over load rats

Jinming CHEN ; Renfu YIN ; Zonggui WU ; Gaozhong HUANG ; Guoyuan ZHANG ; Jigen ZHONG ; Xiaoqi GONG

Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University.2001;22(2):118-123.

Objective: To investigate the changes of myo cardial contractile function during myocardial stunning in calcium overload rats and the protective effects of tetrandrine. Methods: Forty-six rats were randomized into control, myocardial ischemia, myocardial stunning, low and high dose of tetrandrine groups. Another 10 rats were used to identify the calcium overload. vitamin D3 (0.3 million Unit/kg) and nicotinic acid were adm inistered. After 16 d when calcium overload occured, left anterior descending ar tery was ligated. Twenty minutes of myocardial ischemia followed by 60 min of re perfusion was induced. The contractile function parameters were determined dynam ically. At the end of experiment, myocardial cytosolic ［Ca2+］i was deter mined in various groups. In tetrandrine groups, tetrandrine (62.2 or 93.6 μmol/ kg ) was administered by gastrogavage daily.After 16 d, the rats undergone the e xperiments mentioned above. Results: Sixteen days after vitamin D3 , nicotinic acid were given, ［Ca2+］i increased by 2.6 folds (146.8±10.8 ) vs (368.5±22.6) nmol/L, (P<0.01). Whereas, ［Ca2+］i in tetrand rine groups were (210.8±16.4) and (198.6±15.3) nmol/L, which were significantl y lower than that of calcium overload group. Twenty minutes of myocardial ische mia resulted in the decrease of dp/dtmax and Vmax in all groups with the most si gnificant in stunning and calcium overload groups. The contractile function rest ored gradually after reperfusion. At all time points, dp/dtmax and Vmax in both tetrandrine groups were higher than those in both stunning and calcium overload groups. And effect with higher dose of tetrandrine were more significant than in low dose of tetrandrine. After 60 min of reperfusion, dp/dtmax in stunning, cal cium overload, low and high dose of tetrandrine groups were 49.7%, 51.5%, 71.0% and 83.4% of that in control, respectively， and Vmax were 55.0%, 49.8%, 73.9% and 77.5% of that in control, respectively. Conclusion: T he myocardial contractile function in vitamin D3-induced calcium overload gro up is impaired. On basis of myocardiocyte calcium overload, transient ischemia l eads to myocardial stunning. At the stage of ischemia, the impaired degree of my ocardial contractile function is similar to that in stunning group, suggesting a t this stage the effect of ischemia on myocardial function is greater than that of calcium overload. Tetrandrine chronically improves the myocardial function in Vitamin D3-induced calcium overload rats.

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Clinical study of L-carnitine improving heart function in pat ients with congestive heart failure

Renfu YIN ; Yongmei WANG ; Jinming CHEN ; Zonggui WU ; Changlin MEI ; Shuhua GU ; Chun ZHANG

Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University.2001;22(2):173-175.

Objective: To observe the effect of L-carniti ne (L-CN) in the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF). Meth ods: Fifty-six cases of chronic CHF randomly received routine treatment (Digitalis, diuretics, vasodilator, ACEI or βblocker) or L-CN (3.0 g/d ,V D×10 d) with routine therapy. Results: The treatment efficiency of L-CN group and control group were 89.3% and 60.7% (P<0.01), respect ively. No adverse reactions related to the drug were observed. Conclusio n: L-CN with routine therapy might be a safe way to the treat CHF.

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Study on the interrelationship between time domain analysis of heart rate variab ility and chronic renal failure

Ke TANG ; Zonggui WU ; Qinzhen CHEN

Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University.2001;22(2):176-178.

Objective: To assess the autonomic nervous impairm ent in chronic renal failure and its related factors. Methods: F orty adults were randomly selected including in-patients in the nephrology ward and healthy subjects for routine medical examination. The subjects were classifi ed into 4 groups: normal subjects(NS)，normal renal function，nitremia， uremic patients. The time domain measurements of heart rate variability(HRV) and ambula tory blood pressure were analyzed simultaneously . Results: (1) There were significant differences as compared with normal subjects in the time domain measurements of HRV in uremic group. It decreased significantly when the patient was defined as end stage chronic renal failure. There were no significan t differences between NS，normal renal function group and nitremic group. (2) Ti me domain measurements of HRV was significantly lower(P<0.05) in uremia with renal hypertension than in uremia with normal blood pressure. Conclusio n: (1) Patients with chronic renal failure(HRV) have their cardiac auton omic nervous system impaired conspicuously in the course of uremia. (2) There is a positive correlation between cardiac autonomic nervous system impairment in p atients with CRF and renal function levels. Uremia itself is an independent fact or for the impairment of cardiac autonomic nervous system. (3) Renal hypertensio n with uremia may intensify the impairment of cardiac autonomic nervous system of the patients.

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Investigation and evaluation on physical stamina status in soldiers with differe nt adaption periods in high altitude areas

Yusheng REN ; Zhongming FU ; Zhaoping MA ; Jiansheng ZHOU ; Chuanli PENG

Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University.2001;22(2):179-181.

Objective: To investigate constitutional and phys ical stamina status in soldiers with different adaption periods in Tibetan areas . Methods: Two hundred and eithty-two male soldiers from a barr acks at an elevation of 3 600 m were divided into 2 groups: the veteran group ( n=143) in Tibet for 1.45±0.22 year, and the recruit group (n=139) in Ti bet for 0.33±0.00 years. The test items included body weight, cirumference, st a nding long jump, chin-up, 100 m dash and 3 000 m jogging, all were evaluated ac cording to the national military standard, which were Comprehensive Evaluation o f Health in Troops, and Examination and Evaluation of the Physical Stamina of So ldiers. Results: The physical stamina indexes of both the vetera ns and the recruits were up to the national military norm on the whole, ranking as moderate. The veteran group showed no significant difference in standing long jump and 100 m dash,（P<0.05), but obvious lower level in chin-up and 3 00 0 m jogging（P<0.01）, compared with the national military norm. The recr ui t group showed significant lower level in chin-up, 100 m dash, 3 000 m jogging as compared with the national military norm（P<0.01）, and also significant lower level in chin-up and 3 000 m jogging （P<0.05 or P<0.01) as compa red with the veteran group. Conclusion: The physical stamina of both the veterans and the recruits meet the basic national military requirements , ranking as moderate. The soldiers who have been in service for over 1 year hav e better explosive force, but they need more tolerance and aerobic exercises. Th e newly recruited need more exercise to raise tolerance to the hypoxic environme nt in plateau areas so as to shorten the adaption time to high altitude.

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Effects of mental state on patients with high altitude pulmonary edema

Zhongming FU ; Yusheng REN ; Yuling CHEN ; Fen YANG ; Wenling DA ; Qinghui ZHAO

Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University.2001;22(2):182-184.

Objective: To investigate the effects of psycholog ical factors on treatment and outcome of patients with high altitude pulmonary e dema(HAPE). Methods: In the present study, one hundred and fifty -two patients with HAPE were tested by hospital anxiety and depression scale. Results: The results showed that there were 61 patients (40.13%) with anxiety and 29 patients (19.08%) with depression. The important factors on mental state of patients were preventive education, the first time suffering HA PE, characters of patients, degree of the disease and the medical fee, the less w ere age, sex, occupation and education of patients. Duration of rales of lung an d course of illness were significantly prolonged in HAPE patients with mental di sorders compared to the patients without mental disorder. Conclusion:The study suggests that anxiety and depression might aggravate the state of HAPE.

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The change of coronary circulating TNF-α level in patients with coronary heart disease after PTCA and its significance

Rongzeng DU ; Zonggui WU ; Zuo HUANG ; Gaozhong HUANG ; Guoyuan ZHANG

Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University.2001;22(2):185-186.

Objective:To observe the effect of percutaneous tr ansluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) on coronary circulating tumor necrosis fa ctor-α (TNF-α) activity. Methods: Plasma TNF-α levls were measured with radioimmunoassay and bioactive assay respectively. Result s: Plasma TNF-α activity in femoral artery (AO) was significantly incr eased immediately after PTCA ［(15.86±3.75) U/ml vs （41.32±4.36） U/ml， P<0.01］, and plasma TNF-α activity in coronary sinus was remarkably incre ased immediately after PTCA　［(16.72±4.14） U/ml vs （65.61±6.25） U/ml, P<0.01］. There was no change in plasma TNF-α activity in AO 24 h after PT CA ［(18.32±5.12） U/ml vs （15.86±3.75） U/ml, P>0.05］. Conclu sion: The increase in plasma TNF-α activity after PTCA may be associat ed with the injury of coronary artery caused by PTCA, suggesting that TNF-α ma y be involved in the coronary occlusion and the development of coronary restenos is after PTCA.

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Beta-blockers in the treatment of heart failure

Mph BOZEGHA ; Jinming CHEN ; Zonggui WU ; Dening LIAO

Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University.2001;22(2):187-191.

It is now clear that continued stimulation o f the neurohormonal system in heart failure (HF) has serious deleterious effects on the heart. The increase of circulating catecholamines exerts direct toxic ef fect on cardiac myocytes, increases membrane permeability and myocardial fibrosi s; lead to aggravation of HF. β-blockers are commonly used in the treatment of HF including propranolol, metoprolol, bisoprolol, bucindolol and carvedilol. These drugs are used in combination with ACEIs, digitalis and diuretics. Genera lly, the benefits of β-blockade therapy in HF include improving symptoms, decr easing morbidity, mortality, elevating need for hospitalization and quality of l ife. β- blockade therapy arrests and reverts LV remodeling and improves the ri sk of life threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. A few serious adver se effects include hypotension, heart blocks, bradycardia and fluid retention.

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Insulin stimulates translocation of GLUT4 and glucose uptake in ischemic myocar dium in dog

Renfu YIN ; Jinming CHEN ; Zonggui WU ; Shaohua QIU ; Yuanxin LI ; Xiaoyue HU

Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University.2001;22(2):112-114.

Objective: To investigate whether insulin stimulates the translocation of glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) and glucose uptak e in ischemic myocardium. Methods: Plasma concentration of gluc ose, lactate, free fatty acid and insulin were determined by autoanalyser, and G LUT4 was studied by Western blotting analysis. Results: Insulin increased GLUT4 significantly in sarcolemma of ischemic myocardium ［(25±4)% vs (40±6)%］, and GLUT4 content in intracellular membrane decreased proporti onally. The glucose uptake increased significantly in insulin-ischemic myocardi um. The uptake of insulin-ischemic myocardium was almost 2 times that of ischem ic myocardium. Conclusion: Insulin stimulation results in GLUT4 translocation and increases glucose uptake in ischemic myocardium. When myocardi al ischemia occurs, insulin is helpful in increasing myocardial glucose uptake a nd utilization.

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Effects of oxidized low density lipoprotein and antioxidant vitamin E on the exp ression of CD40 and CD40 ligand in cultured human monocytes

Zonggui WU ; Jinchuan YAN ; Lingzhen ZHANG ; Li LI ; Renqian ZHONG

Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University.2001;22(2):124-126.

Objective： To investigate the effect of oxLDL and VitE on the expression of CD40 and CD40 ligand(CD40L) in cultured human monoc ytes. Methods： The expression of CD40 and CD40L on monocytes su rface were measured by indirect immunorescence technique in combination with flo w cytometry. Results： Low concentration of oxLDL（≤200 μg/L） significantly increased the expression of CD40 and CD40L in a dose and time dep endent manner. High concentration (>200 μg/L）of oxLDL markedly reduced the exp ression of CD40 and CD40L. When VitE was added, it significantly reduced the ex pression of CD40 and CD40L on monocytes surface induced by oxLDL in a dose-depe ndent manner. Conclusion：It is an important mechanism that the high expression of CD40 and CD40L induced by oxLDL may be contributed to the for mation of atherosclerosis. Antioxidan VitE can partially inhibit the high expres sion of CD40 and CD40L on monocytes surface induced by oxLDL.

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