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Anti-atherosclerotic effects of perilla oil in rabbits fed a high-cholesterol diet.

Yeseul CHA ; Ja Young JANG ; Young Hwan BAN ; Haiyu GUO ; Kyungha SHIN ; Tae Su KIM ; Sung Pyo LEE ; Jieun CHOI ; Eun Suk AN ; Da Woom SEO ; Jung Min YON ; Ehn Kyoung CHOI ; Yun Bae KIM

Laboratory Animal Research.2016;32(3):171-179. doi:10.5625/lar.2016.32.3.171

Anti-atherosclerosis effects of perilla oil were investigated, in comparison with lovastatin, in rabbits fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD). Hypercholesterolemia was induced in rabbits by feeding the HCD containing 0.5% cholesterol and 1% corn oil, and perilla oil (0.1 or 0.3%) was added to the diet containing 0.5% cholesterol for 10 weeks. HCD greatly increased blood total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins, and caused thick atheromatous plaques, covering 74% of the aortic wall. Hyper-cholesterolemia also induced lipid accumulation in the liver and kidneys, leading to lipid peroxidation. Perilla oil not only attenuated hypercholesterolemia and atheroma formation, but also reduced fat accumulation and lipid peroxidation in hepatic and renal tissues. The results indicate that perilla oil prevents atherosclerosis and fatty liver by controlling lipid metabolism, and that it could be the first choice oil to improve diet-induced metabolic syndrome.
Atherosclerosis ; Cholesterol ; Corn Oil ; Diet* ; Fatty Liver ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Kidney ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; Liver ; Lovastatin ; Perilla* ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Rabbits*

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Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in pet turtles and their environment.

Du San BACK ; Gee Wook SHIN ; Mitchell WENDT ; Gang Joon HEO

Laboratory Animal Research.2016;32(3):166-170. doi:10.5625/lar.2016.32.3.166

Pet turtles are known as a source of Salmonella infection to humans when handled in captivity. Thirty four turtles purchased from pet shops and online markets in Korea were examined to determine whether the turtles and their environment were contaminated with Salmonella spp. Salmonella spp. were isolated from fecal samples of 17 turtles. These isolates were identified as S. enterica through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The isolation rate of Salmonella spp. from the soil and water samples increased over time. We concluded that a high percentage of turtles being sold in pet shops were infected with Salmonella spp., and their environments tend to become contaminated over time unless they are maintained properly. These results indicate that pet turtles could be a potential risk of salmonellosis in Korea.
Genes, rRNA ; Humans ; Korea ; Prevalence* ; Salmonella Infections ; Salmonella* ; Soil ; Turtles* ; Water

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The effects of dosage and the routes of administrations of streptozotocin and alloxan on induction rate of type1 diabetes mellitus and mortality rate in rats.

Ataroalsadat MOSTAFAVINIA ; Abdodlah AMINI ; Seyed Kamran GHORISHI ; Ramin POURIRAN ; Mohammad BAYAT

Laboratory Animal Research.2016;32(3):160-165. doi:10.5625/lar.2016.32.3.160

The approach and novelty of this scientific work was to formulate the appropriate Streptozotocin (STZ) and Alloxan dosage in different routes of administration to imply minimum mortality rate and high incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the rat experiment model. Rats were randomly divided into STZ, Alloxan and control groups. 1-Alloxan group was divided into two subgroups: intraperitoneal (ip) subgroups which received a single dose of, 140, 120, 100 and 80 mg/kg; and the subcutaneous (sc) subgroups which received a single dose of, 120, 110, 100, 90, and 80 mg/kg. 2-STZ group was divided into four subgroups of ip route. The ip subgroup which received intraperitoneally a single dose of, 30, 35, 40 and 50 mg/kg. 3-The control group: This group received solo distilled water. The injection day was considered as the day zero. Blood glucose levels and mortality rate were recorded. Subsequently, 30 days after, the logistic regression modeling was used to evaluate the effect of the explanatory variables, the dose levels, and route approaches, on the probability of DM incidence, and mortality. According to the statistical logistic analysis for Alloxan, it is concluded that the minimum dosage needed to induce DM was 120 mg/kg by sc method (probability 0.712). In addition, the logistic analysis for STZ showed that the optimal dose-level for STZ was 40 mg/kg with ip with approximate induction of DM probability 0.764. Based on the data, male Wistar rats in which received a single dosage of Alloxan by sc injection at dose of 120 mg/kg showed the most desirable result of induction of type I DM; furthermore, those in which received STZ by ip injection at the dose of 40 mg/kg developed a persistent and optimal DM state characterized by high rate of DM induction and low- level of mortality.
Alloxan* ; Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Methods ; Mortality* ; Rats* ; Rats, Wistar ; Streptozocin* ; Water

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Fermented Pueraria Lobata extract ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and recovering intestinal barrier function.

Seungho CHOI ; Jong Kyu WOO ; Yeong Su JANG ; Ju Hee KANG ; Jung Eun JANG ; Tae Hoo YI ; Sang Yong PARK ; Sun Yeou KIM ; Yeo Sung YOON ; Seung Hyun OH

Laboratory Animal Research.2016;32(3):151-159. doi:10.5625/lar.2016.32.3.151

Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder occurring in the gastrointestinal track. However, the efficacy of current therapeutic strategies has been limited and accompanied by side effects. In order to eliminate the limitations, herbal medicines have recently been developed for treatment of IBD. Peuraria Lobata (Peuraria L.) is one of the traditional herbal medicines that have anti-inflammatory effects. Bioavailability of Peuraria L., which is rich in isoflavones, is lower than that of their fermented forms. In this study, we generated fermented Peuraria L. extracts (fPue) and investigated the role of fPue in inflammation and intestinal barrier function in vitro and in vivo. As the mice or intestinal epithelial cells were treated with DSS/fPue, mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was reduced and the architecture and expression of tight junction proteins were recovered, compared to the DSS-treated group. In summary, fPue treatment resulted in amelioration of DSS-induced inflammation in the colon, and the disrupted intestinal barrier was recovered as the expression and architecture of tight junction proteins were retrieved. These results suggest that use of fPue could be a new therapeutic strategy for treatment of IBD.
Animals ; Biological Availability ; Colitis* ; Colon ; Cytokines* ; Dextran Sulfate* ; Dextrans* ; Epithelial Cells ; In Vitro Techniques ; Inflammation ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Isoflavones ; Mice ; Pueraria* ; RNA, Messenger ; Tight Junction Proteins

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Acute toxicity and cytotoxicity evaluation of Dendrobium moniliforme aqueous extract in vivo and in vitro.

Mu Jin LEE ; Ho Kyung JUNG ; Min Suk KIM ; Ji Hun JANG ; Mi Ok SIM ; Tea Mook KIM ; Ho PARK ; Byung Kwan AHN ; Hyun Woo CHO ; Jung Hee CHO ; Won Seok JUNG ; Jong Choon KIM

Laboratory Animal Research.2016;32(3):144-150. doi:10.5625/lar.2016.32.3.144

Dendrobium moniliforme (L.) Sw., an herb of the Orchidaceae family, has long been used in traditional medicine to strengthen bones, nourish the stomach, and promote the production of bodily fluid. Recently, polysaccharides isolated from Dendrobium have been used in functional foods and nutraceutical products. A traditional method to process Dendrobium is to soak fresh stems in an ethanol solution, which is the most important factor to ensure high yields of aqueous-extractable polysaccharides. The present study was carried out to investigate the potential acute toxicity of D. moniliforme aqueous extract (DMAE), by a single oral dose in Sprague-Dawley rats. The test article was orally administered once by gavage to male and female rats at doses of 0, 2,500, and 5,000 mg/kg body weight (n=5 male and female rats for each dose). Throughout the study period, no treatment-related deaths were observed and no adverse effects were noted in clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, serum biochemistry, organ weight, or gross findings at any dose tested. The results show that a single oral administration of DMAE did not induce any toxic effects at a dose below 5,000 mg/kg in rats, and the minimal lethal dose was considered to be over 5,000 mg/kg body weight for both sexes. With respect to cytotoxicity, the cell viability of human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells was less than 50% when the cells were treated with 10 mg/mL aqueous extract for 24 h.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Biochemistry ; Body Weight ; Cell Survival ; Dendrobium* ; Dietary Supplements ; Ethanol ; Female ; Functional Food ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques* ; Kidney ; Male ; Medicine, Traditional ; Methods ; Orchidaceae ; Organ Size ; Polysaccharides ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stomach

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Assessment of collagen antibody-induced arthritis in BALB/c mice using bioimaging analysis and histopathological examination.

Joo Hye SIM ; Won Kil LEE ; Yun Seok LEE ; Jin Seok KANG

Laboratory Animal Research.2016;32(3):135-143. doi:10.5625/lar.2016.32.3.135

The aim of this study was to examine the therapeutic potential of sulfasalazine and prednisolone in a mouse collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) model. Twenty-five male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: group 1 (G1): control, group 2 (G2): probe control, group 3 (G3): CAIA, group 4 (G4): CAIA+sulfasalazine (10 mg/kg, oral), and group 5 (G5): CAIA+prednisolone (100 mg/kg, oral). Fluorescence bioimaging was performed in vivo 24 and 48 h after treatment with a fluorescence probe (OsteoSense® 680 EX), and all mice were sacrificed. The hind knee joints were fixed in 10% neutral phosphate-buffered formalin, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histopathological analyses were performed. The paw thickness increased in a time-dependent manner in G3 mice, but trended toward a decrease in both G4 and G5 mice. Fluorescence intensity increased in G3 mice at 24 and 48 h after fluorescence probe treatment, but the fluorescence intensity in G4 and G5 mice was lower than that in G3. Micro-CT analyses showed that the joint surfaces of G3 mice had a rough and irregular articular appearance, but the occurrence of these irregularities was lower in G4 and G5. Hematoxylin and eosin and Safranin O-fast green staining confirmed that destruction of the cartilage and bony structures, synovial hyperplasia, and inflammatory cell infiltration all occurred in G3, and that the occurrence of these phenomena was lower in G4 and G5 than in G3. Taken together, these results suggest that sulfasalazine and prednisolone can reduce acute rheumatoid arthritis in mice.
Animals ; Arthritis* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Cartilage ; Collagen* ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Fluorescence ; Formaldehyde ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Male ; Mice* ; Prednisolone ; Sulfasalazine

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ERRATUM: Comparing the Effects of Carvedilol Enantiomers on Regression of Established Cardiac Hypertrophy Induced by Pressure Overload.

Jia HAO ; Chan Hyung KIM

Laboratory Animal Research.2010;26(2):223-223. doi:10.5625/lar.2010.26.2.223

No abstract available.

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Genetic Polymorphism of Jeju Horses by Microsatellite DNA Markers in Korea.

Jung Eun LEE ; Jae Hoon SHIN ; Young Min YUN ; Kyung Kap LEE ; Hang LEE ; Oh Kyung KWEON ; Yeo Sung YUN ; Jun Gyo SUH ; Nam Shik SHIN ; Je Kyung SEONG

Laboratory Animal Research.2010;26(2):219-221. doi:10.5625/lar.2010.26.2.219

We determined the genetic diversity and distance between Jeju and Thoroughbred horses by genotyping for 20 microsatellite loci consisting of (TG)n repetitive sequence. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.1 to 0.789 in the Jeju horses and from 0.505 to 0.824 in the Thoroughbred horses. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.09 to 0.709 in the Jeju horses and 0.365 to 0.730 in Thoroughbred horses. There were no significant differences in heterozygosity and PIC values between Jeju and Thoroughbred horsesHowever, LEX035 was estimated relatively high heterozygosity (0.789) and PIC value 0.709) in Jeju horses and LEX050 was respectively 0.824, and 0.730 in the Thoroughbred horses. We may conclude that the genetic differentiation was low between Jeju and Thoroughbred horses. LEX 050, LEX055, LEX059 and LEX 063 could be used as geneticmarkers for differentiating Jeju from Thoroughbred horses.
DNA ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Variation ; Horses ; Korea ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid

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A Tumoral Calcinosis Case in a Beagle Dog.

Sang Kyung SHIN ; Gonhyung KIM ; Dongwoo CHANG ; Ki Jeong NA ; Byeongwoo AHN

Laboratory Animal Research.2010;26(2):215-218. doi:10.5625/lar.2010.26.2.215

We describe a case of tumoral calcinosis in a 13-month-old female Beagle dog presenting for surgical removal of a 4x3x3 cm mass in the soft tissues of the medial right shoulder joint. On radiologic examination, the mass showed increased radiopacity. Blood analysis data indicated chronic renal failure with hyperphosphatemia and hypercalcemia. Grossly, the mass was irregular, round and multilocular, with hard consistency. Histologically, there were many variable-sized loculi surrounded by capsule and interstitial connective tissues were generated among the loculi. Inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, fibrocytes and multinucleated giant cells were present at the margins of the loculi. Most of the loculi were filled with calcium or chalky material. To our knowledge, this is the first case of tumoral calcinosis in Korea.
Animals ; Calcinosis ; Calcium ; Connective Tissue ; Dogs ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Hyperphosphatemia ; Infant ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Korea ; Shoulder Joint

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Uterine Adenomyosis in Beagle Dogs.

Hak Soo KIM ; Sang Chul KANG ; Hu Song ZHANG ; Jin Seok KANG ; Jae Hoon KIM ; Kap Ho KIM ; Boo Hyon KANG ; Byung IL YOON

Laboratory Animal Research.2010;26(2):211-213. doi:10.5625/lar.2010.26.2.211

Adenomyosis is a nonneoplastic hyperplastic lesion, characterized by invagination of proliferating endometrial glands into myometrium. In dogs, uterine adenomyosis is relatively rare and it is important in Toxicologic Pathology to differentiate other non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions in uterus. In the present study, we report two cases of adenomyosis in the female beagle dogs used for a chemical toxicity test. Clinically, one out of the two female beagle dogs, 15 months of age, had vaginal bleeding for 2 weeks and the other one, 11 months of age, showed swelling of vulva for a week. At necropsy, the weight of uterus was markedly increased to 27.9 g and 15.8 g, compared with the mean value (4.01+/-2.37, n=6) of that of other normal dogs, respectively. The parameters of hematology and serum chemistry were ranged normal in both of the dogs with enlarged uterus. For differentiation of connective tissue with muscle fibers, Van Gieson stain was also performed in the serial tissue sections. Histopathologically, the lesions of the enlarged uteruses were characterized by proliferating endometrial glands into myometrium, surrounded by connective tissue. The endometrial glands were proliferating downward to myometrium or embedded in multiple clustered glands in deeper myometrium without compressing the adjacent muscle fibers. The gland epithelial cells are uniformly cuboidal shape with a dense and bottom-located nucleus. These gross and histological findings were consistent with adenomyosis.
Adenomyosis ; Animals ; Connective Tissue ; Dogs ; Endometrial Hyperplasia ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Hematology ; Humans ; Mice ; Muscles ; Myometrium ; Toxicity Tests ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Uterus ; Vulva

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