Objective To investigate the protective effect of silymarin extract(SME)and its complex preparation on ethanol liver injury.Methods An ethanol liver injury model was established by gavage of 12 mL·kg-1 50％ethanol.Male mice were divided into blank group(distilled water),model group(ethanol liver injury model),SME-L,-H groups(6,20 mg·mL-1 SME),SME+Ganoderma lucidum extract(GLE)-L,-H groups(10,30 mg·mL-1 SME+GLE,SME∶GLE=1∶1),Jian An Shi Silymarin Pueraria Mirifica and Tansy tablets(JAS)-L,-H groups(68,204 mg·mL-1 JAS),there were 12 mice in each group.The serum levels of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT)in mice were measured by fully automated biochemical analyzer assay;the serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)in mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELASA);the hepatic tissue of oxidative stress indexes[catalase(CAT)and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)]were measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometer.Results The T-SOD activity in the blank group,model group,SME-L,SME-H,SME+GLE-L,SME+GLE-H,JAS-L and JAS-H groups were(192.54±49.00),(141.65±34.72),(205.83±32.77),(191.68±25.83),(192.31±28.79),(177.82±32.61),(218.58±74.80)and(210.24±31.65)U·mg·prot-1;CAT activity were(37.78±5.73),(28.92±8.44),(44.12±11.52),(41.41±9.15),(47.01±10.48),(41.63±8.95),(47.14±8.91)and(48.29±10.06)U·mg-1;GPT levels were(47.61±13.00),(97.84±26.00),(62.33±18.92),(51.84±17.91),(70.77±28.00),(58.00±21.27),(52.28±18.78)and(45.55±9.27)U·L-1;IL-6 levels were(21.03±1.52),(28.43±5.75),(21.90±3.24),(21.23±1.55),(22.26±2.58),(21.24±2.91),(22.17±4.14)and(21.14±3.02)pg·mL-1.Comparing the above indexes in the model group with the blank group,and comparing the above indexes in the SME-L,SME-H,SME+GLE-L,SME+GLE-H,JAS-L,JAS-H groups with the model group,the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.01).The TNF-α levels in blank,model,SME-L,SME-H,SME+GLE-L,SME+GLE-H,JAS-L and JAS-H groups were were(28.07±7.72),(69.02±16.34),(40.29±8.94),(48.84±10.17),(41.91±14.96),(40.07±12.75),(50.72±11.44)and(45.05±11.34)pg·mL-1.Comparing the model group with the blank group,the SME,SME+GLE-L,-M and JAS,-M groups with the model group,the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.01).Conclusion Silybum marianum extract and its compound preparation can increase the antioxidant level and reduce the inflammation of mouse liver,and have a certain improvement effect on liver injury caused by acute ethanol poisoning.

Objective To construct a technical platform for scarless gene modification of Yersinia pestis and to study the functions of its specific genes.Methods The resistance fragment, including upstream and downstream homologous arms of targeted regions, was reamplified by asymmetric PCR.The amplicons were introduced into Y.pestis harboring plasmid pKD46.With the induction of L-arabinose,the recombinant related enzymes: Exo, Beta and Gam, were expressed to guide the homologous recombination.A donor plasmid, pKSI-1, which carried the desired modification fragment flanking by I-SceⅠ recognition sites, was introduced into Y.pestis as the second step of λ-Red recombination with the help of pREDTKI.Results and Conclusion Two mutant strains:△waaA and waaA(△9nt), were successfully constructed for Y.pestis strain 201.Scarless modification introduces no extra modification to the genome, and it is ideal for comprehensive functional genomic studies.

Objective: To explore therapeutic effects of calcium channel blocker combined statins on aged patients with hypertension, and their influence on inflammatory factor levels.Methods: A total of 124 aged patients with hypertension, who were treated in our hospital from Oct 2014 to Oct 2015 , were randomly and equally divided into amlodipine group (received amlodipine therapy based on routine treatment) and combined treatment group (received atorvastatin calcium based on amlodipine group) according to random number table.Levels of blood pressure, C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, endothelin (ET) and blood lipids before and after treatment, and therapeutic effect and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results: Compared with amlodipine group after treatment, there were significant reductions in levels of systolic blood pressure [(143.57±3.14) mmHg vs.(131.73±3.42) mmHg], diastolic blood pressure [(82.17±3.26) mmHg vs.(76.51±3.27) mmHg], CRP [(7.32±0.71) mg/L vs.(5.57±0.76) mg/L], IL-6 [(133.42±27.31) ng/L vs.(123.73±22.81) ng/L], ET [(50.74±4.96) pg/L vs.(45.71±5.78) pg/L], total cholesterol [(5.32±0.66) mmol/L vs.(4.12±0.52) mmol/L], triglyceride [(1.56±0.42)mmol/L vs.(1.21±0.37) mmol/L] and low density lipoprotein cholesterol [(3.12±0.48) mmol/L vs.(2.43±0.43) mmol/L], and significant rise in high density lipoprotein cholesterol level [(1.41±0.12) mmol/L vs.(1.55±0.17) mmol/L] in combined treatment group, P<0.05 or <0.01.Compared with amlodipine group, there was significant rise in total effective rate (77.4% vs.91.9%) in combined treatment group, P=0.025.There was no significant difference in incidence rate of adverse reactions between two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: Calcium channel blocker combined statins possesses definite therapeutic effects on aged patients with hypertension.It can reduce levels of blood pressure and blood lipids and inflammations and improve vascular endothelial cell function, which is worth extending.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus ZHU's thumb pushing tuina manipulation in treating insomnia.Method A total of 92 insomnia patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 46 cases each. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture plus ZHU's thumb-pushing manipulation; the control group was treated with acupuncture. They were scored by using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) before and after the treatment to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy.Result The total effective rate was 85.7% in the treatment group versus 66.7% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The component and total scores of PSQI were significantly changed after the intervention in both groups (P<0.01,P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the decreases in PSQI scores of sleep quality, sleep duration, use of sleep medications, and daytime dysfunction were more significant in the treatment group (P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture plus ZHU's thumb pushing tuina manipulation is an effective approach in treating insomnia.

AIM:To explore whether there is synergistic effect of recombinant human endostatin ( rh-Endo ) and paclitaxel (Pac) in the time window of vascular normalization and the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in early assessment of chemotherapy by observing the response of human triple -negative breast cancer ( TNBC) to Pac after vascular normalization in nude mice .METHODS:The human TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells were planted in the subcutaneous region of right lower abdomen of BALB/c-nu female nude mice .These nude mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=7).rh-Endo was given for 17 consecutive days in rh-Endo group and rh-Endo+Pac group.Pac was given on the 6th and 12th days in Pac group and rh-Endo+Pac group.The dosage of both drugs was 10 mg· kg-1· d-1(ip).On the day before the treatment and the 5th, 11th and 17th days after treatment, all the transplanted tumors were examined by MRI . All the mice were killed by cervical dislocation and their transplanted tumors were taken down for examinations after the last MRI on the 17th day.The changes of pathology, immunohistochemisty, microvessel density (MVD) and Ki67 expression were measured.RESULTS:On the 17th day, the volume of transplanted tumor in rh-Endo+Pac group was smaller than that in model group and rh-Endo group ( P<0.05 ) , and no difference between rh-Endo+Pac group and Pac group was found.On the 17th day, the tumor inhibitory rates in rh-Endo group, Pac group and rh-Endo+Pac group were 14.61%, 39.08%and 54.79%, respectively.The slow diffusion coefficient in Pac group was increased compared with model group , while it was decreased compared with rh-Endo+Pac group (P<0.05).No distant metastatic lesion in the tumor-bearing mice was observed .The necrotic rates in rh-Endo+Pac group and Pac group were higher than those in model group and rh-Endo group.The MVD in model group was higher than that in the other 3 groups.The MVD in rh-Endo+Pac group was decreased compared with Pac group and rh-Endo group .The Ki67 level in rh-Endo+Pac group was decreased compared with rh-Endo group , and no difference between rh-Endo+Pac group and Pac group was detected .CONCLUSION:In the time window of vascular normalization , the combination of Pac and rh-Endo has a significant antitumor effect on TNBC , but this study did not observe a significant synergistic effect of the 2 drugs.The change of slow diffusion coefficient can predict the therapeutic effect in advance .

Objective To understand the development situation and existing problems of personnel allocation of assistive device institu-tions during the"Twelfth Five-Year"period in Shanghai,China.Methods A questionnaire was designed and a census was conducted to ob-tain the personnel allocation data from district and street level assistive institutions in 2010 and 2014 about age,education background,ma-jor and years of working, etc. Results During the comparison between 2010 and 2014, there was significant difference only on years of working from district level(P<0.01),and there were significant differences on age,education background,major and years of working from street level (χ2≥43.603, P<0.001). The personnel structures in urban districts and suburban districts were significantly different between 2010 and 2014(χ2≥16.166,P<0.001).Conclusion During the"Twelfth Five-Year"period,the construction of talents for assistive device in-stitutions got remarkable achievement in Shanghai,but it is still necessary to strengthen professional training and reduce the difference of structure.

AIM: To measure the macular thickness of normal young people by 3D 1000 optical coherence tomography (OCT) and study the repeatability of measuring results and the relationship between the thicknesses of macular and gender. At the same time, to compare our result with the data of other types of OCT, and to understand the consistency of the measuring results of macular thickness of different types of OCT.
METHODS: Totally 222 eyes in 111 young people were detected using 3D scan mode of Topcon 3D OCT 1000 (ver 2.4 ) . Twelve cases ( 24 eyes ) underwent repeatability check. We took transverse comparison between our measured results with other research's results.
RESULTS: There were 111 cases of young people, whose age were from 18-27 years old, all uncorrected and corrected visual acuity were≥1. 0, all intraocular pressure were <21mmHg. The average thickness of all macular region was 273. 32±17.08μm. Retinal volume of macular area was 7. 73 ± 0.37mm3 . Center thickness was 161 -264μm, and the average thickness was 200. 13±18. 81μm. Central macular thickness were 188 - 273μm, and the average thickness was 229. 00 ± 18. 20μm. The central macular thickness in men was significantly greater than that in women, and there was statistical difference. The results of repeated check of 12 cases ( 24 eyes ) in the macular area were no statistical difference except the outer ring of nasal quadrant, and the repeatability of average thickness in central macular thickness was better than in center thickness.
CONCLUSION:The repeatability of macular examination is good. The central macular thickness can be better repeated than the center thickness. The central macular thickness is 229. 00±18. 20μm in young people, according to the 3D 1000 OCT measurements. There are statistical difference of central macular thickness between different genders.

BACKGROUNDCholedochal cyst excision and biliary enteric reconstruction constitute the best therapy for choledochal cyst. And laparoscopy is currently used to cure this disease now.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 34 cases of total laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision between January 2007 and August 2011. All patients underwent in vitro Roux-en-Y hepatoenterostomy.

RESULTSAll 34 patients underwent successful total laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision. The operation time was 200 - 360 minutes. The duration of hospital stay was 3 - 7 days. Follow-up observations lasted 1 - 56 months. One patient developed an anastomotic stoma stricture, but no other cases had postoperative complications. No patients died.

CONCLUSIONTotal laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision is safe and feasible.

Adult ; Choledochal Cyst ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDRoux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) is the main surgical procedure used in type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the different types of GBP in treatment of type 2 diabetes.

METHODSPatients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups: those who underwent gastrojejunal loop anastomosis bypass and those who underwent gastrojejunal Roux-en-Y bypass. Blood glucose alterations, operation time, and operation complications were observed.

RESULTSGastrojejunal loop anastomosis bypass and gastrojejunal Roux-en-Y bypass were both effective in the treatment of selected patients with type 2 diabetes. Compared with gastrojejunal Roux-en-Y bypass, gastrojejunal loop anastomosis bypass had the advantages of easier implementation, shorter operation time, and fewer operation complications.

CONCLUSIONSGastrojejunal loop anastomosis is effective in treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is safe, easy to implement, and worthy of clinical popularization.

Adult ; Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; surgery ; Female ; Gastric Bypass ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of the ischemic postconditioning on the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/IL-6/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)-3 signal pathway of liver regeneration.

METHODSNinety healthy clean grade male Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 230 to 280 g were selected and assigned into three groups randomly: group I subtotal hepatectomy (SH), group II ischemia reperfusion (IR), group III ischemic postconditioning (IPO). The left and middle liver was resected, and the remnant liver was treated as followed: the blood flow was not blocked in SH group, but blocked 30 minutes in IR group, then reperfused; IPO groups received three cycles of 30 s-30 s intermittent interruptions of blood flow at onset of reperfusion. At 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 h after reperfusion, the serum TNF-α, IL-6 was detected and the mRNA of cyclinD1, Cdk4, STAT-3 was assayed by real-time PCR as well as the protein expression of cyclinD1 and Cdk4 by Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with SH group, the expression of IL-6 declined at each set time point in IR group (t = 5.076 to 8.334, P = 0.000), but the content of TNF-α increased in early stage (1 to 12 h) (t = 2.972 to 7.215, P = 0.000 - 0.014). The expression of STAT-3, cyclinD1 and Cdk4 mRNA and protein of cyclinD1 and Cdk4 at 24 and 48 h after reperfusion were lower in IR group than in SH group (t = 2.857 to 6.684, P = 0.000 to 0.017). However, there was a significant decrease in TNF-α from 1 to 12 h after reperfusion (t = 2.995 to 4.112, P = 0.002 to 0.017), but a significant increase in IL-6 in IPO group than in IR group (t = 2.458 to 3.543, P = 0.005 to 0.034). The expression of STAT-3, cyclinD1, Cdk4 mRNA and protein of cyclinD1 and Cdk4 at 24 and 48 h after reperfusion were all increased in IPO group in comparison with in IR group (t = 2.383 to 6.803, P = 0.000 to 0.038).

CONCLUSIONSThe ischemic postconditioning could promote the remnant liver regeneration after subtotal hepatectomy with ischemia reperfusion injury. Its mechanism relates with the activation of the TNF-α/IL-6/STAT-3 signal pathway of and the cyclinD1-Cdk4 complex which enhances the proliferation of hepatocyte.

Animals ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; metabolism ; Hepatectomy ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; Liver ; metabolism ; Liver Regeneration ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism