In order to know the species and frequency of human parasitic infection diagnosed by biopsy, 149 cases (0.18%) of parasitic infection were reviwed, which were selected from 80,947 biopsied materials submitted for routine histopathological examination during a period of 10 years from 1980 to 1989 at Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Hospital. They consisted of 112 cases of cysticercosis, 17 paragonimiasis, 7 clonorchiasis, 4 amebiasis, 1 sparganosis, 1 enterbiasis, 1 aniskiasis, and 1 fascioliasis respectively. Based on morphological preservation of cysticercus, they could be divided into mild (20.2%), morderate (40.4%), and severe (39.4%) degeneration. Except 2 cases biopsied at the lungs, 15 cases of ectopic paragonimiasis were located at abdominal cavity (8 cases) and central nervous system (7 cases). One case of intrahepatic fascioliasis was observed. This is the 13th human fascioliasis reported in Korea. From the above results, the frequency of parasitic infections found in biopsied specimens was on the decrease as the cysticercosis and ectopic paragonimiasis.
parasitology-helminth-cestoda-nematoda-trematoda ; biopsy ; histopathology ; tissue parasite ; cysticercose ; ectopic ; Enterobius vermicularis ; Taenia solium ; Paragonimus westermani ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Entamoeba histolytica ; Anisakis ; Fasciola sp. ; paragonimiasis ; fascioliasis

This study was performed to observe the present status of intestinal parasitic infections in a remote island, Yondo, located in southern part of Jeonranam-do(province), Korea. In February and May 1988, total 1,011 individual stool samples were collected and examined for intestinal helminths and protozoa using formalin-ether centrifugal sedimentation technique. The results are summarized as follows: Of 1,011 ingabitants examined, 398(39.4%) were positive for intestinal parasites. Helminth positives were 372(36.8%), and protozoan cyst positives were 56(5.5%). Ten species of parasites were found. Trichuris trichiura revealed the highest infection rate of 27.5%, Ascaris lumbricoides 17.4%, Taenia sp. 5.8%, Entamoeba coli 3.3%, Giardia lamblia 1.5%, Endolimax nana 0.8%, Hymenolepis nana 0.4%, hookworm 0.2%, Trichostrongylus orientalis 0.2%, and Entamoeba histolytica 0.2%, respectively. The female group showed higher positive rate (44.0%) than males (34.7%). Also, higher positive rates were observed among adults as compared with the group younger than 10 years old. Average value of E.P.G. was 1,876(range 200-17,800) in A. lumbricoides positives, and 327(range 200-1,600) in T. trichiura positive cases. In helminth egg positive cases, single infection was 63.4%, double infection 34.7%, and triple infection 1.9%, respectively. Among protozoan cyst positives, single infection was 94.6%, and double infection was 5.4%. The present study revealed that the prevalence of intestinal parasites among inhabitants in Yondo island is still so high that special control measures should be performed.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; cestoda-nematoda-protozoa ; epidemiology ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Taenia sp. ; Entamoeba coli ; Giardia lamblia ; Endolimax nana ; hookworm ; Trichostrongylus orientalis ; Entamoeba histolytica

Total of 2,643 Korean soldiers were examined of their stool for parasitic infections by both cellophane thick smear and formalin-ether concentration techniques from August 1983 to December 1985. Out of them, 73.6% were free from any parasite, 22.6% were ova positive and 4.0% cyst positive. The ova positive rates by species were Ascaris lumbricoides 2.0%, Trichuris trichiura 13.0%, hookworm and Trichostrongylus orientalis 0.08% respectively, Clonorchis sinensis 7.6%, Metagonimus yokogawai 1.1%, Paragonimus westermani 0.08%, Echinostoma hortense 0.04%, Fibricola seoulensis 0.9%, Taenia sp. 0.3%, Hymenolepis nana 0.2% and H. diminuta 0.04%. Most of them (87.3%) were positive by a species, 11.9% by two and 0.8% by 3 species. The cyst positive rates were Entamoeba histolytica 0.6%, E. coli 1.4%, Endolimax nana 1.7%, Iodoameba butschlii 0.04% and Giardia lambla 0.9%. Among the cyst positives, 89.5% were positive by a species, 7.6% by two and 0.5% by 3 species. The intestinal parasite infections among the Korean soldiers decreased distinctly compared with previous data.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; trematoda ; cestoda ; protozoa ; epidemiology ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Trichuris trichiura ; Metagonimus yokogawai ; hookworm ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Diphyllobothrium latum ; Hymenolepis nana ; Entamoeba histolytica ; Giardia lamblia ; Entamoeba coli ; Endolimax nana ; Trichostrongylus orientalis ; Paragonimus westermani ; Echinostoma hortense ; Fibricola seoulensis ; Taenia sp. ; Hymenolepis diminuta

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the present status of intestinal parasitic infection in Seoul area, Korea. During the period from June 1985 to July 1986, a total of 5,251 stool samples were collected in Department of Clinical Pathology, Hanyang University Hospital and examined by formalin-ether sedimentation technique once for helminth ova and protozoan cysts. The results were summerized as follows: The overall egg positive rate of intestinal helminthes was 2.53 per cent ; and 1.43 per cent for Clonorchis sinensis, 0.7 per cent for Trichuris trichiura, 0.13 per cent for Metagonimus yokogawai, 0.06 per cent for hookworm, and 0.02 per cent for Ascaris lumbricoides, Diphyllobothrium latum and Hymenolepis nana, respectively. The overall cyst positive rate of intestinal protozoa was 1.07 per cent. Cyst positive rate was 0.06 per cent for Entamoeba histolytica and 0.13 per cent for Giardia lamblia, respectively. Higher prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was observed in male and in 21-50 year-old groups. The highest prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection was observed in 40th age group(3.4 per cent), and male (2.3 per cent) was more infected than female (0.7 per cent) in general.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; trematoda ; cestoda ; protozoa ; epidemiology ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Trichuris trichiura ; Metagonimus yokogawai ; hookworm ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Diphyllobothrium latum ; Hymenolepis nana ; Entamoeba histolytica ; Giardia lamblia ; Entamoeba coli ; Endolimax nana

In order to estimate the recent pattens of intestinal helminth infections among the residents in Taege City, Korea, a survey based on discovery of helminth eggs by formalin-ether sedimentation and modified Graham's scotch-tape anal swab techniques, were performed during the period from March to September in 1983. A total of 1,697 fecal specimens were collected from 854 male and 843 female residents from 5 villages(Dong), each of whom were selected randomly to represent 1,000 persons referred to the census in 1982. Among the specimens examined, one or more species of helminth parasites were found in 473, revealing the overall positive rate of 27.9 pre cent. Of them, Trichuris trichiura was found most frequently, in 13.2 percent, followed by Enterobius vermicularis in 7.0 per cent. Hookworm was the least prevalent. The sex-specific rate of overall helminth infections was a little higher in females than in males, while in cases of Clonorchis sinensis, Metagonimus yokogawai and Taenia species, the infection rates in males was higher than in females. T.trichiura was most prevalent in the 20~29 age group and showed about the same prevalence in males and females of all age groups. C. sinensis infection rate increased with age while those of Ascaris lumbricoides decreased. Single infections were 82.5 per cent of all positive cases. Of cource, T. trichiura revealed the highest prevalence in 31.7 per cent followed by E. vermicularis in 20.1 per cent and A. lumbricoides in 14.8 per cent. Of the double infections, the percentage of T. trichiura in combination with other intestinal helminths was higher than that of A. lumbricoides. It was concluded that although the infection rates of intestinal helminths among the residents in Taegu City, Korea is still high, eradication of these parasitic diseases seems to be possible with twice-a-year administration of specific anthelmintics, in combination with extensive public health education and improvement of the dietary life.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-trematoda-cestoda ; epidemiology ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Enterobius vermicularis ; hookworm ; Megtagonimus yokogawai ; Taenia sp. ; Trichostrongylus sp. ; Trichuris trichiura

A survey on vegetables, which consisted of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), young radish (Raphanus sapivus), and chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis) collected from 6 markets in the Taegu city, was conducted for the discovery of helminth eggs and larvae, from July 1982 to June 1983. The results were compared with the data obtained from vegetables collected at the same markets by Lee (1969) and Choi and Lee (1972). Both sides of vegetable leaves were washed carefully with a hard brush, and the species of parasites and the mean number of parasites per 200 g of vegetable were determined. When vegetable were examined, 4 species of parasite eggs (ascarid, Trichostrongylus, liver fluke, and hookworms) and 2 larvae (filariform and rhabditoid larvae) were found. Of the parasite discovered, ascarid egg was found to be highest (4.2 percent), followed by hookworm egg (3.6 percent). The mean number of ascarid egg per 200 grams of vegetable was 0.6 in young radishes, and 0.3 in both lettuces and chinese cabbages. Similarly, the number of filariform larva of hookworm was 0.4 in young radishes, 0.3 in lettuces, and 0.l in chinese cabbages, and the number of rhabditoid larva was 0.2 in young radishes, 0.1 in lettuces, and 0.05 in chinese cabbages. In the results obtained by Lee (1969) and Choi and Lee (1972), the mean number of ascarid egg per 200 grams of vegetable was 7.5 in young radishes, 3.l in lettuces, and 0.5 in chinese cabbages. By contrast, in the present study it was 0.6 in young radishes and 0.3 in both lettuces and chinese cabbages. These results suggest that there has been significant reduction in the incidence of parasite egg and larva on vegetable leaves during the past 10 years.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-trematoda ; ascarid ; Trichostrongylus ; Clonorchis sinensis ; hookworm ; filariform larva ; rhabditoid larva ; egg ; epidemiology

Helminthic zoonoses are of significant importance to the public health and to the socioeconomic consequences especially in lost-meat, animal products and animal labor. For past several decades in Korea, it has been recognized that endoparasitic infections among domestic animals are extremely common and many of the helminth parasites of man have been acquired from, or are shared with domestic animals. However, there was no survey of a nationwide scale on the prevalence of animal helminthiasis; and control measures are also not satisfactory. Furthermore, because of the remarkable increase in the demand, number of domestic animals and pets is rapidly increasing in these days. Therefore, an extensive study on zoonotic helminths was carried out from July 1980 throughout August 1981 to understand the present status and parasite-host relationship from the epidemiological viewpoont. A total of 13,685 fecal specimens of cattles, sheeps, pigs, dogs and cats was collected from 26 localities in the country. The specimens were examined by formalin-ether centrifugal sedimentation technique. The results are summarized as follows: Of 13,685 specimens examined, 9,808(71.7 percent) were positive for helminth parasites. The positive rates were 99.0 percent in cattles, 86.5 percent on sheeps, 85.4 percent in pigs, 35.4 percent in dogs, 15.1 percent in cats. Single infection showed the highest rate (60.0 percent), and double infection(27.5 percent), triple(8.1 percent), quadruple(2.8 percent), quintuple(1.5 percent) and hexad(0.1 percent) were in decreasing order. In the present study, 18 species zoonotic helminths were found: 11 nematodes, 6 trematodes and 1 cestode. According to province, Cheju revealed the highest rate 84.8 percent, then Kyungnam 77.5 percent, Jeonnam 75.6 percent, Jeonpuk 75.4 percent, Kyonggi 75.2 percent, Chungnam 71.7 percent, Chungpuk 70.6 percent and Kangwon 64.2 percent were in decreasing order and Busan and Seoul showed 70.4 percent and 58.1 percent, respectively. Rural area showed slightly higher rate (74.7 percent) than urban area (68.5 percent), and rates of mountainous area (70.4 percent) and plain area (71.1 percent) are very similar. According to animal, helminths species and positive rates appeared in: Cattles: 6 nematodes and 3 trematodes; Strongyles 26.4 percent, Neoascaris vitulorum 24.1 percent, Trichuris ovis 12.0 percent, Nematodirus sp. 6.3 percent, Srongyloides papillosus 5.1 percent, Capillaria bovis 0.02 percent, Paramphistomum sp. 41.5 percent, Fasciola hepatica 33.2 percent and Eurytrema pancreaticum 29.7 percent. Sheeps: 3 nematodes and 2 trematodes: Strongyles 33.0 percent, S. papillosus 26.9 percent, Nematodirus sp. 14.6 percent, F. hepatica 31.7 percent and E. pancreaticum 19.6 percent. Pigs: 5 nematodes and 2 trematodes: Strongyles 43.1 percent, Ascaris suum 29.0 percent, Metastrongylus apri 20.3 percent, Trichuris suis 14.0 percent, Strongyloides ransomi 12.1 percent, Clonorchis sinensis 1.4 percent and Paragonimus westermani 0.9 percent, Dogs: 4 nematodes and 3 trematodes and 1 cestode: Toxocara canis 14.4 percent, Trichuris vulpis 9.5 percent, Ancylostoma caninum 8.0 percent, Toxascaris leonina 4.0 percent, C. sinensis 2.4 percent, Metagonimus yokogawai 1.3 percent, P. westermani 0.8 percent and Spirometra sp. 0.9 percent, Cats: 2 nematodes, and 3 trematodes and 1 cestode: Toxocara cati 7.7 percent, Ancylostoma tubaeforme 3.1 percent, C. sinensis 1.9 percent, P. westermani 1.4 percent, M. yokogawai 1.2 percent and Spirometra sp. 0.7 percent.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-trematoda-cestoda ; cattle ; sheep ; pig ; dog ; cat ; epidemiology ; zoonosis ; Fasciola hepatica ; Eurytrema pancreaticum ; Paramphsitomum sp. ; Neoascaris vitulorum ; Trichuris ovis ; Strongyloides papillosus ; Nematodirus sp. ; Capillaria bovis ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Paragonimus westermani ; Ascaris suum ; Trichuris suis ; Strongyloides ransomi ; Metastrongylus apri ; Spirometra sp. ; Metagonimus yokogawai ; Toxocara canis ; Toxocara leonina ; Ancylostoma caninum ; Trichuris vulpis ; Ancylostoma tubaeforme ; Strongyles

One hundred and two stray dogs in Ejungbu City of Kyunggi-Do, Korea were examined to reveal out the degree of natural helminthic infection of small intestine. Helminthes were collected at autopsy, by scraping the intestinal contents. The collected worms were classified by their morphological characteristics. Out of 102 examined, 72 dogs were infected with any helminthes. The common helminthes were Dipylidium caninum (47 percent), Ancylostoma caninum (26 percent), Toxascaris leonina (16 percent) and Toxocara canis (13 percent). Taenia pisiformis (9 percent), Echinostoma hortense (4 percent), E. cinetorchis (2 percent), Spirometra mansoni (2 percent) were also found. One dog was incidentally found to be infected with Clonorchis sinensis. The prevalence of Toxascaris leonina was relatively high in this study over Toxocara canis, and its significance was discussed. Dogs were firstly described as the reservoir hosts of Echinostoma hortense and E. cinetorchis in Korea.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-trematoda ; cestoda ; dog ; epidemiology ; morphology ; Dipylidium caninum ; Ancylostoma caninum ; Toxascaris leonina ; Toxocara canis ; Taenia pisiformis ; Echinostoma hortense ; Echinostoma cinetorchis ; Spirometra mansoni ; reservoir host ; intermediate host

In an attempt to investigate the antigen-antibody relations and the value of immunodiagnosis for several helminths, Ouchterlony tests and immunoelectrophoreses were carried out. Taenia saginata, Cysticercus sp. of cestodes, Clonorchis sinensis, Fasciola hepatica and Paramphistomum sp. of trematodes,and Ascaris suum of nematodes were used as antigens. On the other hand, antisera were obtained by injecting 0.5 ml each of the above antigens and the same amount of complete Freund's adjuvant into rabbits ten times at an interval of one week. The result obtained in this study are as follows: A larger number of precipitin arcs were demonstrated in homologous antigen-antibody reactions than in heterologous antigen-antibody reactions both in Ouchterlony tests and immunoelectrophoreses. Gross reactions were observed between the different species of the same class, but no cross reactions were noticed when the classes were different with one or two exceptions, such as between T. saginata, F. hepatica and A. suum. In A. suum, the difference between the male and female was more distinct in Ouchterlony test and immunoelectrophoresis than in the examination of organs such as genital organ and coeliac fluid. Immunoelectrophoresis revealed specific arcs and higher sensitive reaction than Ouchterlony test, and was considered to be a more valuable method for identifing species and immunological diagnosis.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; cestoda ; nematoda ; immunoelectrophoresis ; Taenia saginata ; Cysticercus ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Fasciola hepatica ; Paramphistomum sp. ; Ascaris suum ; antigen ; immunology

In order to clarify the contamination of vegetable gardens with human intestinal helminths, the soil samples were examined for the presence of eggs and larvae during the period from September 1973 to August l974. When soil samples collected from the vegetable gardens in Taegu were examined, four species of helminth eggs (ascarid, whipworm, hookworm and liver fluke) and a number of unknown eggs were found. Ascarid was found to be highest in the rate of detection(82.5 percent), followed by whipworm. The rates of hookworm, liver fuke and Trichostrongylus species were unexpectedly low. There was no difference between detection rate of vegetable gardens and that of vinyl green houses. However, the average number of helminth eggs detected from the soil of vinyl green houses was higher than the number of vegetable gardens. In the monthly incidence of ascarid eggs, the highest rate was found in September, and the least often was observed in August. While, the peak in the average number of the egg was encountered in August. There was no distinct trend in the monthly incidence of whipworm. However, it is likely that the detection number of whipworm per 100 gm of soil examined was relatively abundant in a period from May to August, and very little from October to April of next year. When the soil of vegetable gardens was divided into superficial, intermediate and deep layers and examined for presence of ascarid egg. The average number of the eggs found of the superficial layer was more abundant than those of the intermediate and deep layers, but the rate for the former was similar with the latter. In the demonstration of larval nematodes from the soil of vegetable gardens and vinyl houses, there found the filariform and rhabditoid larvae of hookworm and the larvae of Trichostrongylus species and unknown one. The majority of the larvae detected was belonged to unknown species, followed by hookworm larvae. The least was found in the rate of Trichostrongylus species. Generally, the filariform larva of hookwom could be detected during the hot season from May to August, but no larva was found in the winter. This suggests that the soil of vegetable gardens and vinyl green houses in Taegu is contaminated with human intestinal helminths.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-trematoda ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Trichuris trichiura ; hookworm ; Clonorchis sinensis ; egg ; larva