Recent advances in multimodality treatment offer excellent opportunities to rethink the paradigm of perioperative management for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. One treatment clearly doesn't fit all in terms of a broad disease spectrum. Individualized treatment of local control of bulky primary tumor burden (advanced T stage) or systemic control of nodal metastatic tumor burden (advanced N stage) is essential. Given that clinically applicable predictive biomarkers are still awaited, therapy selection guided by diverse phenotypes of tumor burden (T vs. N) is promising. Potential challenges regarding the use of immunotherapy may also boost this novel strategy in the future.
Humans ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/surgery* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Immunotherapy

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of transient elastography, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), and fibrosis index based on 4 factors (FIB-4) for liver fibrosis in children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 100 cases of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Hunan Children's Hospital between August 2015 to October 2020 to collect liver tissue pathological and clinical data. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to analyze the diagnostic value of liver stiffness measurement (LSM), APRI and FIB-4 in the diagnosis of different stages of liver fibrosis caused by NAFLD in children. Results: The area under the ROC curve (AUC) value of LSM, APRI and FIB-4 for diagnosing liver fibrosis (S≥1) were 0.701 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.579 ~ 0.822, P = 0.011], 0.606 (95%CI: 0.436 ~ 0.775, P = 0.182), and 0.568 (95%CI: 0.397 ~ 0.740, P = 0.387), respectively. The best cut-off values were 6.65 kPa, 21.20, and 0.18, respectively. The AUCs value of LSM, APRI, and FIB-4 for diagnosing significant liver fibrosis (S≥ 2) were 0.660 (95% CI: 0.552 ~ 0.768, P = 0.006), 0.578 (95% CI: 0.464 ~ 0.691, P = 0.182) and 0.541 (95% CI: 0.427 ~ 0.655, P = 0.482), respectively. The best cut-off values were 7.35kpa, 24.78 and 0.22, respectively. The AUCs value of LSM, APRI and FIB-4 for the diagnosis of advanced liver fibrosis (S≥ 3) were 0.639 (95% CI: 0.446 ~ 0.832, P = 0.134), 0.613 (95% CI: 0.447 ~ 0.779, P = 0.223) and 0.587 (95% CI: 0.411 ~ 0.764, P = 0.346), respectively. The best cut-off values were 8.55kpa, 26.66 and 0.27, respectively. Conclusion: The transient elastography technique has a better diagnostic value than APRI and FIB-4 for liver fibrosis in children with NAFLD.
Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Biomarkers ; Child ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques ; Humans ; Liver/pathology* ; Liver Cirrhosis/pathology* ; Liver Function Tests ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology* ; ROC Curve ; Retrospective Studies

The naphthaquinones are widely distributed in plants. They are usually in higher plants, but a few of them were also found in microorganisms. There is a lot of research showing that they had multiple pharmaco-activities such as cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities, etc. In recent years, they have attracted extensive attention at home and abroad especially in terms of the anti-tumor activity. For further research, 69 new natural naphthoquinones reported in the last five years (2013-2017) were reviewed. They were divided into five major types: simple 1,4-naphthoquinones, furan and pyran naphthoquinones, 1,2-naphthoquinones, naphthohydroquinones and naphthoquinone polymers, which showed cytotoxic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial biological activities, et al. The research of these compounds in the future was also proposed.

Objective To explore the rehabilitation needs of people with disabilities and the related factors,so as to provide a scien-tific basis for the rehabilitation policy-making for people with disabilities. Methods From June,2014 to July,2015,based on the national special survey of basic services and needs of people with disabilities in Jiangsu,China,this paper clarified the factors related with the rehabilitation needs of the disabled into the individual characteristics, economic characteristics, environmental characteristics and so on by the de-scriptive statistics method. The Logit model was established to explore the factors related with rehabilitation needs. Results In Jiangsu,43% people with disabilities aged 16 and above had rehabilitation needs.Contingency table analysis and Chi square test showed that individual characteristics,economic characteristics and environmental character-istics had significant impact on the rehabilitation needs of the disabled.Multiple regression analysis showed that all the 18 variables were the significant related factors. Conclusion In order to meet the rehabilitation needs of the disabled, the refined and precise rehabilitation program should be designed in line with the different characteristics of the disabled.Through the effective docking of sup-plies and needs,we can provide accurate rehabilitation services for the disabled.

Seventeen compounds were isolated from n-butanol extract of the leaves of Moringa oleifera, using column chromatography over macroporous resin HP-20,Sephadex LH-20, and ODS. Their structures were identified as two carboline,tangutorid E(1) and tangutorid F(2); three phenolic glycosides,niazirin(3)，benzaldehyde 4-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(4) and 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosidebenzoic acid(5); four chlorogenic acid and derivatives,4-caffeoylquinic acid(6),methyl 4-caffeoylquinate(7),caffeoylquinic acid(8) and methyl caffeoylquinate(9); two nucleosids,uridine(10) and adenosine(11); one flavone,quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(12); five other types of compounds,phthalimidineacetic acid(13),3-pyridinecarboxamide(14),3,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid(15),5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid(16) and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde(17) by the spectral data of ¹H, ¹³C-NMR and MS. Among them,compounds 1-2,7,9-10,16 and 17 were isolated from M. oleifera for the first time.
1-Butanol ; Glycosides ; analysis ; Moringa oleifera ; chemistry ; Phenols ; analysis ; Phytochemicals ; analysis ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry

AIM To evaluate the quality of Linderae Radix from different growing areas.METHODS Hot dipping method was applied to determining the extract content.HPLC was adopted in the content derermination of linderane,linderalactone and norisoboldine.Then SPSS19.0 software was used for principal component analysis.RESULTS The effect degrees of various index components were in sequence of extract ＞ norisoboldine ＞ linderalactone ＞ linderane.The accumulative contribution rate of the first two principal components (total content of four index components,extract content) reached 86.86％.The comprehensive score of Linderae Radix from Taizhou (Zhejiang) was the highest.CONCLUSION Taking Taizhou (Zhejiang) as the genuine producing area of Linderae Radix has a certain scientific basis.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for recurrence of cerebral infarction and to propose secondary prevention methods . Methods Data of 628 patients with cerebral infarction from Jan.2012 to Dec.2014 were collected by the community reported network into a cohort study .The prevalence of recurrence and associated risk factors of cerebral infarction were investigated . Results Recurrence rate of cerebral infarction was 9.08%.History of hypertension (OR=4.797, P=0.001), long term of tobacco use ( OR=2 .844 , P=0 .005 ) , abdominal obesity or overweight ( OR=2 .421 , P=0.041) and farming(OR=3.723, P<0.001)were the independent risk factors for recurrence of cerebral infarction. Conclusion The recurrence rate of cerebral infraction is high , which is affected by various factors.

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanism of exocrine immune inflammatory injury of Sjögren's Syndrome and the intervention of Banxia Qinlian Decoction (BQD).

METHODSTotally 18 female NOD mice were randomly divided into the model group, the positive drug group, and the BQD group, 6 in each group. Six female BALB/c mice were recruited as a blank control group. Mice in the blank control group and the model group were gavaged with deionized water at the daily dose of 0.1 mL/10 g body weight. Tripterygium Tablet was administered by gastrogavage to mice in the positive group at the daily dose of 10 mg/kg. BQD was administered by gastrogavage to mice in the BQD group at the daily dose of 60 g crude drugs/kg. After 12 weeks of medication, mice were sacrificed. Their eyeballs were excised and blood collected. Tissues of bilateral parotids and submandibular glands were kept. mRNA transcriptional levels of IL-17, IL-6, type 3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M3R), aquaporin protein-5 (AQP5) were detected by RT-PCR. Expression levels of M3R and AQP5 protein were detected by Western blot. Protein expression levels of IL-17 and IL-6 were detected by ELISA.

RESULTSCompared with the normal group, mRNA transcriptional levels and protein expression levels of IL-17, IL-6, M3R, and AQP5 were significantly up-regulated in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, mRNA transcriptional levels and protein expression levels of IL-17, IL-6, M3R, and AQP5 were significantly down-regulated in the positive drug group and the BQD group with statistical difference (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the BQD group, mRNA-transcriptional levels of IL-17, IL-6, and M3R, as well as M3R and AQP5 protein expression levels were significantly down-regulated in the positive drug group (all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe molecular mechanism of BQD in inhibiting SS exocrine neurotoxic injury might be possibly related to regulating Th17/IL-17 immune inflammatory way.

Animals ; Aquaporin 5 ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Interleukin-17 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Sjogren's Syndrome ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Submandibular Gland ; Th17 Cells ; Up-Regulation

Objective To investigate epidemic characteristics and risk factors of hypertension among residents aged above 15 years in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. Methods We selected the subjects through a multistage stratified cluster sampling procedure; all thirty towns of Pudong New Area were stratified into three levels according to their economic status and 10 657 people selected as survey subjcets from each economic level.A questionnaire survey was conducted in conjunction with measurements of body height and weight, fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, blood lipid and blood pressure among 10 657 inhabitants aged above 15 years.Multivariate unconditional regression model was employed to analyze the influence factors of hypertension. Results The crude prevalence rate of hypertension in the residents was 41.3%.The prevalence rates of male was high than female (P<0.001). With the increment of age, the hypertension prevalence rate of all residents were obviously elevated.The residents with lower education had a higher hypertension prevalence rate.There was no significant difference in hypertension prevalence between rural and urban.The results of logistic regresssion showed that the risk factors of hypertension were age,gender,educational level,family history of hypertension,central obesity, body mass index, C-reactive protein, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(P<0.05). Conclusion The results indicated that hypertension was highly prevalent in Pudong New Area.Body mass index ( BMI) and central obesity were related factors for hypertension which were changeable.