Objective To investigate the association of lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral fat index (VAI) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the value of LAP and VAI in predicting the risk of NAFLD. Methods A total of 708 subjects who underwent physical examination in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from September 2018 to May 2019 were enrolled and divided into NAFLD group ( n =426) and non-NAFLD group ( n =282), and the two groups were compared in terms of LAP, VAI, and related biochemical parameters. The independent samples t -test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups.The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Spearman test was used for correlation analysis. The subjects were divided into L1-L4 groups based on LAP and V1-V4 groups based on VAI, and the distribution of NAFLD was compared between groups; a logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the risk of NAFLD at different levels of LAP and VAI, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for LAP, VAI, waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI) in predicting NAFLD in different sex and body weight subgroups, so as to evaluate the value of each index in the prediction and diagnosis of NAFLD. Results Compared with the non-NAFLD group, the NAFLD group had significantly higher age, proportion of male subjects, proportion of subjects with a smoking history, and levels of LAP, VAI, WC, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and serum uric acid, as well as a significantly lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all P < 0.01). NAFLD was positively correlated with the levels of LAP and VAI (Cramer's V=0.552 and 0.464). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for related risk factors, the risk of NAFLD in the L4 group was still 8.811 (95% confidence interval [ CI ]: 4.335-17.910) times that in the L1 group ( P < 0.001), and the risk of NAFLD in the V4 group was still 5.967 (95% CI : 3.263-10.912) times than that in the V1 group ( P < 0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed that both LAP and VAI had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of > 0.7 in predicting the onset of NAFLD in different sex and body weight subgroups; the AUCs of LAP and VAI in the female subgroup were significantly higher than those in the male subgroup (LAP: 0.886 vs 0.785, P < 0.05; VAI: 0.824 vs 0.748, P < 0.05), and the corresponding sensitivities and specificities of LAP and VAI in the female subgroup were also higher than those in the male subgroup (sensitivity: LAP: 79.8% vs 63.7%; VAI: 77.9% vs 77.0%; specificity: LAP: 85.0% vs 81.1%; VAI: 77.6% vs 62.3%). Conclusion The risk of NAFLD increases with the increase in the levels of LAP and VAI. Both LAP and VAI have a good value in predicting NAFLD in different sex and body weight subgroups, especially in predicting NAFLD in the female population.

Objective:To investigate the clinical, neuropsychological and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) characteristics in patients with psychiatric symptoms caused by nitrous oxide abuse.Methods:Twelve patients with psychiatric symptoms caused by nitrous oxide abuse were enrolled from February 2018 to February 2020 in the Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital and the First Hospital of Tsinghua University.All patients were scored with the brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA). The SPECT/CT images were collected with low-energy and high-resolution collimator.After the pictures were reconstructed, 18 brain regions were automatically sketched and calculated by Database Comparison software.The statistical value of the difference between the general mean value of each brain region and that of the corresponding region of interest in the same age group was estimated.Results:(1)The clinical manifestations of 12 patients were anxiety, depression, hallucination, delusion, and 7 patients were accompanied by cognitive decline.(2)Neuropsychological examination: BPRS score was 57.83±11.15 (anxiety depression factor was 3.94±0.47; lacking active factor was 3.25±0.85; thinking disturbance factor was 3.21±1.27; activity factor was 2.28±0.56; hostility factor was 3.14±1.24). The score of self-knowledge impairment was 2.92±1.08, the score of inability to work was 4.50±1.17, the score of HAMD was 32.75±10.13, the score of HAMA was 18.67±5.80, the score of MMSE was 27.67±2.50, and the score of MoCA was 24.58±3.78.(3)SPECT showed that compared with the general mean value of the corresponding regions of interest of normal people, the patients showed hypoperfusion in the frontal lobe (7 patients, 58.30%) and the temporal lobe (8 patients, 66.70%).Conclusion:Nitrous oxide abuse has an obvious effect on rCBF.The psychiatric symptoms include anxiety, depression, hallucination, delusion and so on, which affect the ability to work and learn.SPECT has important value in the diagnosis of nitrous oxide abuse, and indicates changes in local brain functional activity.

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestation,imaging data and genetics mutation variants of late onset familial Alzheimer's disease concomitant with a novel mutation of presenilin 1.Methods The clinical manifestations and auxiliary examination recordings of the pedigree were analyzed.DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of the proband and her sons.Mutational analysis was performed by the next-generation sequencing technology and the mutation event was confirmed by Sanger sequencing technology.Results Two patients of the family presenting as Alzheimer's dementia were late onset.MRI of the proband showed extensive cerebral microbleeds.The gene detection showed p.S289P mutation in the exon 8 of presenilin 1 of the proband.Conclusion Mutation of p.S289P in the presenilin 1 gene may contribute to late onset Alzheimer's disease accompanied by amyloid angiopathy.

Objective To study the antibacterial activity of anti-tuberculosis decoction against clinical isolated rifampicin drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis (number:A) and rifampicin sensitive mycobacterium tuberculosis (number:B) in vitro.Methods Rifampicin was selected as a positive control medicine.Anti-tuberculosis decoction and rifampicin were respectively used to test the bacteria through absolute concentration method and the direct effect method,then recorded and analyzed the observation phenomenon.Results The MIC of anti-tuberculosis decoction for A,B was 64.00mg/mL by using the absolute concentration method,and the MIC of anti-tuberculosis decoction for A,B was 8.00mg/mL by using direct effect method.Conclusion Anti-tuberculosis decoction had a good antibacterial activity for rifampicin resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin sensitive mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro.

Objective To observe the effect of WeChat -based health education on young patients with initial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis(TB).Methods A total of 180 TB patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group,90 cases in each group.All patients received health education for six months under the guidance of specialist nurses and physicians,but WeChat-based health education for the observation group and telephone health education for control group.Patients of the two groups were evaluated with TB cognitive level and compliance at 6 months after discharge.Results The pulmonary tuberculosis knowledge level of the observer group was significantly higher than that of the control group (89.8%vs 73.3%),the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =11.07,P<0.01);And after 6 months of follow-up,in the observation group,the compliances of patients taking medicine on time(97.8%vs 80.0%,χ2 =15.59,P<0.01),reasonable diet(95.5%vs 81.1%,χ2 =23.24, P<0.01),moderate exercise(97.8%vs 83.4%,χ2 =36.51,P<0.01) and timely referral(96.7% vs 82.2%,χ2 =20.63,P<0.01) were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.01).Conclusion WeChat -based health education is effective for improving TB cognitive level and the compliance of the patients.Since WeChat has been widely used,WeChat-based health education can be promoted.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of isopimaric acid ( ISO), the BKCa channel activator, on cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in APP/PS1 mice. Methods Alzet osmotic pump was loaded with ISO or DMSO only and assembled with ALZET Brain Infusion Kit III. The cannula was implanted into the lateral ventricle of 4-month-old male APP/PS1 mice or matched wild type ( WT) mice. Two weeks later, open field test and Morris water maze were conducted. Paired-pulse facilitation ( PPF) and TBS-induced long-term potentiation ( LTP ) were recorded in CA1 region of hippocampus. Results The open field test showed that there was no significant difference among the four groups in spontaneous activities and vertical plane movement distance within 30 minutes. Floor plane movement distance was significantly greater in APP/PS1+DMSO group than that in WT+DMSO group(P<0.05) . Compared with the WT+DMSO group, APP/PS1+DMSO group had significantly longer escape latency from the third to fifth day and lower percentage of time spent in the target quadrant ((43.27±3.24)% vs (34.19±2.56)%) and the number of crossing through the platform ((4.25±0.66)times vs (1.93±0.33)times)(P<0.05). Compared with the APP/PS1+DMSO group, the APP/PS1+ISO group had significantly shorter escape latency from the fourth to fifth day and higher percentage of time spent in the target quadrant ((46.16±3.51)%) and the number of crossing through the platform ((3.41±0.34) times) (P<0.05). PPF in APP/PS1+DMSO group significantly reduced compared with that in WT+DMSO group at 30-50ms interstimulus interval(P<0.05). PPF in APP/PS1+ISO group((224.50±13.79)%) was significantly augment compared with APP/PS1+DMSO ((174.99 ±6.68)%) group at 40 ms interstimulus interval (P<0.05). The LTP at 60 min post-TBS was significantly smaller in the APP/PS1+DMSO group ((135.19±1.32)%) than that in the WT+DMSO group ((172.17± 4.15)%)(P<0.001). The LTP of the APP/PS1+ISO group((160.48±1.19)%) became significantly in-creased compared with that in the APP/PS1+DMSO group(P<0.001).Conclusion BKCa channel activator ISO improve the learning and memory function of APP/PS1 mice by promoting PPF and increasing LTP to recover synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus.

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the hippocampus and spatial learning ability in APPswe/PS1△9 transgenic mice,and provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of Alzheimer' s disease (AD).Methods Mice were divided into wild-type (WT) group,APP/PS1 transgenic group,curcumin-treated group,quercetin combined with curcumin-treated group.The 5-month-old mice in curcumin-treated group received 150 mg · kg-1 · d-1 curcumin by intraperitoneal injection for four consecutive weeks.In addition to curcumin,the mice in quercetin combined with curcumin-treated group also received quercetin 50 mg· kg-1 · d-1 intraperitoneally for four consecutive weeks.The expression of HSP70 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice was detected by Western blot.Learning and memory ability of APP/ PS1 mice were measured by Morris water maze test.The latency of finding the platforms and the number of crossing the platforms were observed.Results The results of Western blot analyses showed that the expression of HSP70 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice decreased significantly compared with that of WT mice (OD:APPswe/PS1△9:0.31±0.14;WT:1.14±0.51;P＜0.01).The expression of HSP70 in curcumin-treated group significantly increased compared with that of APP/PS1 transgenic group (OD:0.91±0.20 in curcumin-treated group;P＜0.05).The results of water maze test showed that compared with WT group,in APP/PS1 group,the latency of finding the platforms was significantly longer (APPswe/PS 1 △9:(82.3 ± 6.8) s;WT:(19.5±4.4) s),and the number of crossing tbe platforms were significantly decreased (APPswe/PS1 △9:(2.7± 1.1);WT:(5.2± 2.1)).In curcumin-treated group,the latency of finding the platform ((47.7±7.6) s) was significantly shorter and the number of crossing platform ((4.5±1.9) s) was more than those in APP/ PS1 group.However,in quercetin combined with curcumin-treated group,the latency of finding the platform was significantly longer ((69.7±9.1) s) and the number of crossing platform (3.2±1.6) was decreased compared with those in curcumin-treated group.Conclusion Curcumin can promote the expression of HSP70 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice,thus improve spatial learning ability of APP/PS1 transgenic mice.These results provide evidences that curcumin may have potential therapeutic value for the treatment of AD.

Objective To study the level of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of non-small-cell lung cancer patients.Methods The ratio of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T cells inperipheral blood of lung cancer group and control group were determined by flow cytometry.Its clinic significance was analyzed,Results The ratio of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg cells [the ratio of CD4+ CD25+ T and CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T cells were (14.42 ± 1.22) ％ and (5.34 ± 0.45) ％] inperipheral blood was higher in the non-small-cell lung cancer group than in control group [the ratio of CD4+ CD25+T and CD4+ CD25+Foxp3+ T cells were (10.67 ±0.98)％ and (3.98 ±0.68)％] (t =2.431,2.273,all P ＜ 0.05).It was also higher in adenocarcinoma [CD4+ CD25+ T/CD4+ T to (15.05 ± 0.92) ％,CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T/CD4+ T to (5.99 ± 0.38) ％] than squamous carcinoma [CD4+ CD25+ T/CD4+ T to (13.03 ± 1.64) ％,CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T/CD4+ T to (3.91 ± 0.62) ％] (t =2.264,2.109,all P ＜ 0.05),and stage IV higher than stage m (t =2.165,2.058,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The level of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg cells in peripheral blood of non-small cell lung cancer was significantly higher than that of healthy subjects,related with the pathological type and clinical stage.The CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg cells may participate in the occurrence and development of non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the early onset of learning and memory function of 4-month-old APP/PS1/Tau Alzheimer' s disease (3×Tg-AD) model mice and explore the pathogenesis of AD in early stage through evaluating neuron excitability and BKCa channel activity in cingulate cortex pyramidal cells.Methods Ten 4-month-old male 3×Tg-AD mice and matched ten wild type (WT) mice.Behavior was tested with the novel object recognition task to observe the ability of learning and memory.Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were performed to assess the excitability of cingulate cortex pyramidal cells in terms of resting membrane potential and frequencies of spikes evoked by current injection.A train of five pulses of depolarizing currents were injected at 100 Hz to assess the spike width,which was used as an index for BKCa channel activity.Results Compared with the WT group (0.72±0.03),the novel object recognition index significantly decreased in 3 × Tg-AD group (0.55 ± 0.04) (P =0.004).Compared to the WT group((-66.03±0.43) mV),the resting membrane potential in cingulate cortex neurons of 3×Tg-AD group((-62.31±0.54)mV) was significantly depolarized(P=0.000).In contrast to WT group,the action potential firing frequencies evoked by depolarizing current injections were higher in neurons from 3×Tg-AD group(P=0.000),demonstrating that excitability of cingulate cortex neurons was elevated by intracellular Aβ.Spikes were broader in the 3×Tg-AD group than those in the WT group(P＜0.01).Suppression of BKCa channels in cingulate cortex neurons from the 3×Tg-AD group was confirmed on the basis of the spike half-width,since BKCa channels affect the descending phase of spikes.Conclusion Compared to WT mice,4-month-old 3×Tg-AD mice are impaired in learning and memory.The suppression of BKCa channels by intracellular Aβ leads to increase of excitability in cingulate cortex pyramidal cells.

Objective To improve chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD﹚ related to the early diagnosis and prevention of osteoporosis. Methods Report 2 cases of COPD related to osteoporosis. Results Two cases of COPD pa-tients have significant osteoporosis, but repeatedly due to lack of consciousness of medical personnel related to the misdiagnosis. Conclusion Early diagnosis and intervention on COPD combined osteoporosis, for its ability to maintain and improve the quality of our life, and even delay the death is of great significance.