In this work,an electrochemical sensor for detection of Rhodamine B(RhB)was constructed by modifying molecularly imprinted polymer(MIP)and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(f-MWCNTs)onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode(GCE).The MIP/f-MWCNT/GCE electrochemical sensor demonstrated outstanding performance in detection of RhB due to the excellent conductivity of f-MWCNT and synergistic selectivity of MIP.Under optimal experimental conditions,the sensor had a wide linear response range(0.01?30 nmol/L,30?500 nmol/L),with limit of detection of 0.01 nmol/L.In addition,the sensor exhibited excellent recognition ability to RhB in the presence of other structurally similar compounds(e.g.,Rhodamine 6G,methylene blue,and methyl orange),and common metal ions(K+,Ca2+,Mg2+and Fe3+).Furthermore,the sensor exhibited good stability and reproducibility.Additionally,the electrochemical sensor exhibited good practical adaptability when analyzing RhB in real samples,with recoveries ranging from 99.8%?105.6%for tap water and 99.2%?105.0%for river water samples.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression.Methods An open,single-arm,multi-center design was adopted in our study.Adult patients with mild and moderate depression who had received acute treatment of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides were enrolled and continue to receive Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules for 24 weeks,the dose remained unchanged during continuation treatment.The remission rate,recurrence rate,recurrence time,and the change from baseline to endpoint of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Clinical Global Impression-Severity(CGI-S)and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale(ASEX)were evaluated.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was reported.Results The scores of HAMD-17 at baseline and after treatment were 6.60±1.87 and 5.85±4.18,scores of HAMA were 6.36±3.02 and 4.93±3.09,scores of CGI-S were 1.49±0.56 and 1.29±0.81,scores of ASEX were 15.92±4.72 and 15.57±5.26,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After continuation treatment,the remission rate was 54.59％(202 cases/370 cases),and the recurrence rate was 6.49％(24 cases/370 cases),the recurrence time was(64.67±42.47)days.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 15.35％(64 cases/417 cases).Conclusion Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules can be effectively used for the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression,and are well tolerated and safe.

Objective To explore early postoperative gait characteristics and clinical outcomes after total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Methods From February 2023 to July 2023,26 patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis(KOA)were treated with TKA,including 4 males and 22 females,aged from 57 to 85 years old with an average of(67.58±6.49)years old;body mass in-dex(BMI)ranged from 18.83 to 38.28 kg·m-2 with an average of(26.43±4.15)kg·m-2;14 patients on the left side,12 pa-tients on the right side;according to Kellgren-Lawrence(K-L)classification,6 patients with grade Ⅲ and 20 patients with grade Ⅳ;the courses of disease ranged from 1 to 14 years with an average of(5.54±3.29)years.Images and videos of standing up and walking,walking side shot,squatting and supine kneeling were taken with smart phones before operation and 6 weeks after operation.The human posture estimation framework OpenPose were used to analyze stride frequency,step length,step length,step speed,active knee knee bending angle,stride length,double support phase time,as well as maximum hip flexion angle and maximum knee bending angle on squatting position.Western Ontario and McMaster Universities(WOMAC)arthritis index and Knee Society Score(KSS)were used to evaluate clinical efficacy of knee joint.Results All patients were followed up for 5 to 7 weeks with an average of(6.00±0.57)weeks.The total score of WOMAC decreased from(64.85±11.54)before op-eration to(45.81±7.91)at 6 weeks after operation(P＜0.001).The total KSS was increased from(101.19±9.58)before opera-tion to(125.50±10.32)at 6 weeks after operation(P＜0.001).The gait speed,stride frequency and stride length of the affected side before operation were(0.32±0.10)m·s-1,(96.35±24.18)steps·min-1,(0.72±0.14)m,respectively;and increased to(0.48±0.11)m·s 1,(104.20±22.53)steps·min-1,(0.79±0.10)m at 6 weeks after operation(P＜0.05).The lower limb support time and active knee bending angle decreased from(0.31±0.38)sand(125.21±11.64)° before operation to(0.11±0.04)s and(120.01±13.35)° at 6 weeks after operation(P＜0.05).Eleven patients could able to complete squat before operation,13 patients could able to complete at 6 weeks after operation,and 9 patients could able to complete both before operation and 6 weeks after operation.In 9 patients,the maximum bending angle of crouching position was increased from 76.29° to 124.11° before operation to 91.35° to 134.12° at 6 weeks after operation,and the maximum bending angle of hip was increased from 103.70° to 147.25° before operation to 118.61° to 149.48° at 6 weeks after operation.Conclusion Gait analysis technology based on artificial intelligence image recognition is a safe and effective method to quantitatively identify the changes of pa-tients'gait.Knee pain of KOA was relieved and the function was improved,the supporting ability of the affected limb was im-proved after TKA,and the patient's stride frequency,stride length and stride speed were improved,and the overall movement rhythm of both lower limbs are more coordinated.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, prevention and control strategies, measures and the effects achieved of malaria in Huangshi City from 1951 to 2021, and to offer a reference for further strengthening malaria eradication and control successes. Methods　Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to assess the prevalence, measurements, and impacts of malaria in different time periods based on data for malaria control in Huangshi City from 1951 to 2021, and we created "semi-log" line graphs and charts to display the prevalence of disease and the effort done in prior years in terms of prevention and control. Results　Between 1951 and 2021, 527 780 cases of malaria were recorded in Huangshi, with an average annual incidence rate of 40.07/10 000. The prevention and control of malaria has gone through four stages, namely, the high prevalence of malaria stage (1951-1979), the basic elimination stage (1980-1999), the consolidation stage (2000-2010), and the eradication stage (2011-2021). Different strategies and measures have been adopted in different epidemic periods. During the high epidemic period, great efforts have been made to carry out general surveys and treatments, and strengthen the management of symptomatic patients; during the eradication stage, prominent and classified prevention and control strategies were adopted. When the incidence rate dropped to below 1/10 000, the main measures adopted were malaria monitoring, including timely discovery and standardization of infectious sources, disposal of epidemic points, management of migrant population malaria and vector monitoring. Through active prevention and control, remarkable results were achieved, and the incidence rate of malaria fell to below 1/10 000 in 1989, reaching the level of "basic elimination of malaria" issued by the Ministry in 1999, and passed the provincial malaria elimination acceptance in 2015. In recent years, with the increasing labor exports and foreign exchanges, imported malaria has been on the rise. African countries are the main sources of imported malaria, and the main species is P.falciparum. Conclusions　Malaria was once one of the main infectious diseases endangering the health of people in Huangshi City. The preventive and control methods and procedures adopted in different epidemic periods are effective. Currently, we have entered the consolidation phase of malaria elimination, with the focus of work being to monitor, report, and timely and effectively respond to imported malaria cases, thus reducing the risk of local transmission.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and the risk factors of fungal sepsis in 25 neonatal intensive care units (NICU) among preterm infants in China, and to provide a basis for preventive strategies of fungal sepsis. Methods: This was a second-analysis of the data from the "reduction of infection in neonatal intensive care units using the evidence-based practice for improving quality" study. The current status of fungal sepsis of the 24 731 preterm infants with the gestational age of <34⁺⁰ weeks, who were admitted to 25 participating NICU within 7 days of birth between May 2015 and April 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. These preterm infants were divided into the fungal sepsis group and the without fungal sepsis group according to whether they developed fungal sepsis to analyze the incidences and the microbiology of fungal sepsis. Chi-square test was used to compare the incidences of fungal sepsis in preterm infants with different gestational ages and birth weights and in different NICU. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to study the outcomes of preterm infants with fungal sepsis, which were further compared with those of preterm infants without fungal sepsis. The 144 preterm infants in the fungal sepsis group were matched with 288 preterm infants in the non-fungal sepsis group by propensity score-matched method. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of fungal sepsis. Results: In all, 166 (0.7%) of the 24 731 preterm infants developed fungal sepsis, with the gestational age of (29.7±2.0) weeks and the birth weight of (1 300±293) g. The incidence of fungal sepsis increased with decreasing gestational age and birth weight (both P<0.001). The preterm infants with gestational age of <32 weeks accounted for 87.3% (145/166). The incidence of fungal sepsis was 1.0% (117/11 438) in very preterm infants and 2.0% (28/1 401) in extremely preterm infants, and was 1.3% (103/8 060) in very low birth weight infants and 1.7% (21/1 211) in extremely low birth weight infants, respectively. There was no fungal sepsis in 3 NICU, and the incidences in the other 22 NICU ranged from 0.7% (10/1 397) to 2.9% (21/724), with significant statistical difference (P<0.001). The pathogens were mainly Candida (150/166, 90.4%), including 59 cases of Candida albicans and 91 cases of non-Candida albicans, of which Candida parapsilosis was the most common (41 cases). Fungal sepsis was independently associated with increased risk of moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (adjusted OR 1.52, 95%CI 1.04-2.22, P=0.030) and severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (adjusted OR 2.55, 95%CI 1.12-5.80, P=0.025). Previous broad spectrum antibiotics exposure (adjusted OR=2.50, 95%CI 1.50-4.17, P<0.001), prolonged use of central line (adjusted OR=1.05, 95%CI 1.03-1.08, P<0.001) and previous total parenteral nutrition (TPN) duration (adjusted OR=1.04, 95%CI 1.02-1.06, P<0.001) were all independently associated with increasing risk of fungal sepsis. Conclusions: Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis are the main pathogens of fungal sepsis among preterm infants in Chinese NICU. Preterm infants with fungal sepsis are at increased risk of moderate to severe BPD and severe ROP. Previous broad spectrum antibiotics exposure, prolonged use of central line and prolonged duration of TPN will increase the risk of fungal sepsis. Ongoing initiatives are needed to reduce fungal sepsis based on these risk factors.
Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Birth Weight ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Retrospective Studies ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Gestational Age ; Infant, Extremely Premature ; Sepsis/epidemiology* ; Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology* ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/epidemiology*

Abstract: Objective　To study the characteristics and diagnostic efficacy of Rose-Bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT), standard-tube agglutination test (SAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the diagnosis of brucellosis. Methods　A total of 489 suspected brucellosis patients with complete records, who admitted to Xing'anmeng People's Hospital from March 2020 to May 2021, were selected as the subjects. The diagnostic value of SAT, RBPT and ELISA for brucellosis was analyzed with exposure history + clinical symptoms + serological test/brucellosis isolation and culture as the gold standard. Results　Of the 489 suspected patients, 183 (37.42%) were diagnosed with brucellosis, while 234 (47.85%), 148 (30.27%) and 195 (39.88%) were positive by RBPT, ELISA and SAT, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of RBPT in the diagnosis of brucellosis were 95.08%, 80.39%, 74.36%, 96.47%, and 85.89%, respectively; the values of the above parameters for ELISA were 78.69%, 98.69%, 97.30%, 88.56%, and 91.21%, respectively; those values of SAT were 98.36%, 95.10%, 92.31%, 98.98%, and 96.32%, respectively. The sensitivity of RBPT was significantly higher than ELISA, but the specificity and accuracy were significantly lower than ELISA (all P<0.05). The sensitivity and accuracy of SAT diagnosis were significantly higher than ELISA, but the specificity was significantly lower than ELISA (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference between SAT and RBPT in the sensitivity of diagnosis, but the specificity and accuracy were significantly higher than those of RBPT (P<0.05). Conclusion　RBPT and SAT have high sensitivity in diagnosis of brucellosis, while ELISA has high specificity in diagnosis. RBPT with high sensitivity and convenient operation can be used for primary screening in field detection, and then the other two methods can be used for rechecking, so as to further improve the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis of brucellosis.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) and its risk factors in very preterm infants (VPIs) during hospitalization in China. METHODS: A prospective multicenter study was performed on the medical data of 2 514 VPIs who were hospitalized in the department of neonatology in 28 hospitals from 7 areas of China between September 2019 and December 2020. According to the presence or absence of EUGR based on the evaluation of body weight at the corrected gestational age of 36 weeks or at discharge, the VPIs were classified to two groups: EUGR group (n=1 189) and non-EUGR (n=1 325). The clinical features were compared between the two groups, and the incidence of EUGR and risk factors for EUGR were examined. RESULTS: The incidence of EUGR was 47.30% (1 189/2 514) evaluated by weight. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher weight growth velocity after regaining birth weight and higher cumulative calorie intake during the first week of hospitalization were protective factors against EUGR (P<0.05), while small-for-gestational-age birth, prolonged time to the initiation of total enteral feeding, prolonged cumulative fasting time, lower breast milk intake before starting human milk fortifiers, prolonged time to the initiation of full fortified feeding, and moderate-to-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia were risk factors for EUGR (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS It is crucial to reduce the incidence of EUGR by achieving total enteral feeding as early as possible, strengthening breastfeeding, increasing calorie intake in the first week after birth, improving the velocity of weight gain, and preventing moderate-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in VPIs.
Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Gestational Age ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Objective: To investigate the incidence and trend of short-term outcomes among preterm infants born <34 weeks' gestation. Methods: A secondary analysis of data from the standardized database established by a multicenter cluster-randomized controlled study "reduction of infection in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) using the evidence-based practice for improving quality (REIN-EPIQ) study". This study was conducted in 25 tertiary NICU. A total of 27 192 infants with gestational age <34 weeks at birth and admitted to NICU within the first 7 days of life from May 2015 to April 2018 were enrolled. Infants with severe congenital malformation were excluded. Descriptive analyses were used to describe the mortality and major morbidities of preterm infants by gestational age groups and different admission year groups. Cochran-Armitage test and Jonckheere-Terpstra test were used to analyze the trend of incidences of mortality and morbidities in 3 study-years. Multiple Logistic regression model was constructed to analyze the differences of outcomes in 3 study-years adjusting for confounders. Results: A total of 27 192 preterm infants were enrolled with gestational age of (31.3±2.0) weeks at birth and weight of (1 617±415) g at birth. Overall, 9.5% (2 594/27 192) of infants were discharged against medical advice, and the overall mortality rate was 10.7% (2 907/27 192). Mortality for infants who received complete care was 4.7% (1 147/24 598), and mortality or any major morbidity was 26.2% (6 452/24 598). The incidences of moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sepsis, severe intraventricular hemorrhage or periventricular leukomalacia, proven necrotizing enterocolitis, and severe retinopathy of prematurity were 16.0% (4 342/27 192), 11.9% (3 225/27 192), 6.8% (1 641/24 206), 3.6% (939/25 762) and 1.5% (214/13 868), respectively. There was a decreasing of the overall mortality (P<0.001) during the 3 years. Also, the incidences for sepsis and severe retinopathy of prematurity both decreased (both P<0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the major morbidity in preterm infants who received complete care during the 3-year study period (P=0.230). After adjusting for confounders, infants admitted during the third study year showed significantly lower risk of overall mortality (adjust OR=0.62, 95%CI 0.55-0.69, P<0.001), mortality or major morbidity, moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sepsis and severe retinopathy of prematurity, compared to those admitted in the first study year (all P<0.05). Conclusions: From 2015 to 2018, the mortality and major morbidities among preterm infants in Chinese NICU decreased, but there is still space for further efforts. Further targeted quality improvement is needed to improve the overall outcome of preterm infants.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/epidemiology* ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality/trends* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases/epidemiology* ; Patient Discharge ; Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology* ; Sepsis/epidemiology*

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of ultrafiltration on diuretic sensitivity in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction and diuretic resistance. Methods: This was a single-center randomized controlled trial. A total of 148 heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction admitted to the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from June 2010 to June 2020 were enrolled in this study, and these patients were randomly divided (ratio 1:1) into the ultrafiltration group (n=74) and the control group (n=74). All patients were treated with diuretics, cardiotonic, vasodilator and other comprehensive drugs according to relevant guidelines. After grouping, the patients in the control group were treated with standard treatment plan, while patients in the ultrafiltration group were treated with ultrafiltration on top of standard therapy. Diuretic drugs were discontinued during ultrafiltration, and intravenously furosemide (40 mg) was given immediately and 24 hours after the end of ultrafiltration. Clinical data including gender, age, complicated diseases, New York Heart Association (NYHA) function classification, etc. were collected. Effectiveness indicators include urine volume (the first 12-hour and 24-hour urine volume and the second 24-hour urine volume after using diuretic), body weight and dyspnea severity score. Safety indicators include systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine, serum Na⁺ concentration, blood K⁺ concentration and the number of deaths before and after intervention. Results: Two patients in the control group died due to worsening heart failure after randomization and were excluded in this study, 146 patients were finally analyzed (72 patients in the control group and 74 patients in the ultrafiltration group). There were 93 males, and the age was (68.3±11.2) years. There was no significant difference between patients in the ultrafiltration group and the control group in gender, age, body weight, course of disease, dyspnea severity score, NYHA function classification Ⅲ/Ⅳ, the proportion of patients with severe edema of both lower limbs, the proportion of patients with complicated diseases, and basic medication (all P>0.05). After using diuretics, the urine volume of the first 12-hour and 24-hour and the second 24-hour were significantly higher in the ultrafiltration group than in the control group (all P<0.05). Body weight decreased significantly after ultrafiltration treatment as compared with that before intervention in the ultrafiltration group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the dyspnea severity score was significantly improved in the ultrafiltration group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine, serum Na⁺ concentration, blood K⁺ concentration of patients between ultrafiltration group and control group before and after intervention (all P>0.05). During the clinical diagnosis and treatment, 2 male patients in the control group died, and the cause of death was aggravation of basic diseases complicated with acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock. There was no death in the ultrafiltration group, and there were no obvious clinical adverse events during and after ultrafiltration. Conclusion: Ultrafiltration therapy is safe and can improve diuretic sensitivity in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction and diuretic resistance.
Aged ; Diuretics/therapeutic use* ; Furosemide/therapeutic use* ; Heart Failure/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stroke Volume ; Ultrafiltration

Objective:To analyze the long-term efficacy and safety of thalidomide on refractory Crohn′s disease (CD).Methods:A total of 79 patients with refractory CD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University treated with thalidomide were enrolled in this retrospective study from September 2005 to July 2018. Clinical effects and adverse drug reactions were recorded and assessed.Results:In this cohort,69 patients were treated with thalidomide for ≥6 months. Sixty-eight patients among the 69 patients achieved complete clinical remission and were followed up for a median 33.5 months (range, 7-110 months). Seventeen cases relapsed during follow-up. The cumulative probabilities of remaining in remission at 12, 24, 60 months were 88.6% (95% CI 80.6%-96.6%), 80.7% (95% CI 70.3%-91.1%), 53.7% (95% CI 32.1%-75.3%) respectively. Disease activity was the only variable associated with relapse risk, with a hazard ratio ( HR) of 3.559 for Crohn′s disease activity index (CDAI) ≥220(95% CI 1.213-10.449, P<0.05). Adverse reactions were recorded in 42 (53.2%) patients including12 (15.2%) leading to discontinuation of thalidomide. No serious side effects were observed in all subjects. Conclusions:This study suggests a long-term benefit of maintenance treatment with thalidomide in refractory CD.Moderate to severe patients have an increased risk of relapse. The high incidence of drug adverse reactions may restrain the clinical application of thalidomide.