OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at investigating the carrier rate of, and molecular variation in, α- and β-globin gene mutations in Hunan Province. METHODS: We recruited 25,946 individuals attending premarital screening from 42 districts and counties in all 14 cities of Hunan Province. Hematological screening was performed, and molecular parameters were assessed. RESULTS: The overall carrier rate of thalassemia was 7.1%, including 4.83% for α-thalassemia, 2.15% for β-thalassemia, and 0.12% for both α- and β-thalassemia. The highest carrier rate of thalassemia was in Yongzhou (14.57%). The most abundant genotype of α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia was -α ^3.7/αα (50.23%) and β ^IVS-II-654/β ^N (28.23%), respectively. Four α-globin mutations [CD108 (ACC>AAC), CAP +29 (G>C), Hb Agrinio and Hb Cervantes] and six β-globin mutations [CAP +8 (C>T), IVS-II-848 (C>T), -56 (G>C), beta nt-77 (G>C), codon 20/21 (-TGGA) and Hb Knossos] had not previously been identified in China. Furthermore, this study provides the first report of the carrier rates of abnormal hemoglobin variants and α-globin triplication in Hunan Province, which were 0.49% and 1.99%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates the high complexity and diversity of thalassemia gene mutations in the Hunan population. The results should facilitate genetic counselling and the prevention of severe thalassemia in this region.
Humans ; beta-Thalassemia/genetics* ; alpha-Thalassemia/genetics* ; Hemoglobinopathies/genetics* ; China/epidemiology* ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing

Objective: To investigate the reduction effect of hoding cricoarytenoid joint reduction with visual laryngoscope under intravenous anesthesia. Methods: The therapeutic effects of 40 patients with arytenoid dislocation(AD)treated by closed reduction in the single center from January 2020 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 21 males and 19 females, median age 48 years. The etiology, symptoms, preoperative evaluation methods, reduction mode, reduction times, and the recovery of arytenoid cartilage movement and sound after reduction were evaluated and analyzed. Results: All patients had obvious hoarseness and breath sound before treatment. Under stroboscopic laryngoscope or electronic nasopharyngoscope, different degrees of vocal cord movement disorder and poor glottic closure can be seen. There were 28 cases of left dislocation, 9 cases of right dislocation and 3 cases of bilateral dislocation. The etiology of dislocation of cricoarytenoid joint: 25 cases (62.5%) of tracheal intubation under general anesthesia were the most common causes, was as follows by laryngeal trauma, gastroscopy, cough, vomiting and so on. Among them, 28 cases of reduction were initially diagnosed in our department, and 12 cases were diagnosed later after failure of reduction treatment. Of the 40 patients, 6 underwent reduction 24 hours after dislocation; 18 cases from 3 days to 1 month; 7 cases from 1 to 3 months; 6 cases were reset in 3~6 months; Over 6 months in 3 cases. After one reduction, 10 cases (10/40, 25%) recovered normal pronunciation, 14 cases (14/40, 35%) recovered normal pronunciation after two reduction, 10 cases (10/40, 25%) recovered normal pronunciation after three times, 2 cases (2/40, 5%) recovered normal pronunciation after four times, and 1 case (2.5%) recovered normal pronunciation after five times. Thin slice CT scan of larynx and cricoarytenoid joint reconstruction showed the types of AD: subluxation in 37 cases (92.5%) and total dislocation in 3 cases; 28 cases of left dislocation, 9 cases of right dislocation and 3 cases of bilateral dislocation; 29 cases (72.5%) had posterior dislocation and 11 cases (27.5%) had anterior dislocation. All patients were treated by intravenous anesthesia with arytenoid cartilage clamped by cricoarytenoid joint reduction forceps under visual laryngoscope. The curative effect was evaluated by stroboscopic laryngoscope and/or voice analysis at 1-2 weeks after operation. The vocal cord movement returned to normal and the pronunciation was good in 37 cases (92.5%). Conclusions: Hoding cricoarytenoid joint reduction with the vision laryngoscope under intravenous anesthesia is easy to operate and the reduction effect is more stable. It is a effective method for AD.
Anesthesia, Intravenous/adverse effects* ; Arytenoid Cartilage/injuries* ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects* ; Joint Dislocations/therapy* ; Laryngeal Diseases/etiology* ; Laryngoscopes/adverse effects* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

Purpose To investigate the value of application of D2-40/CD34-CK cocktail antibodies by double immunohistochemical staining for assessment of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and to determine its prognostic significance in colorectal cancer with insufficient lymph node harvest. Methods Specimens from 133 cases of colorectal cancer with less than 12 lymph nodes were selected. HE staining and double immunohistochemical staining of the cocktail antibodies were performed to compare the difference of the two methods in screening for LVI. The The relationship between LVI confirmed by cocktail antibody immunohistochemical staining and clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival (OS) of patients was analyzed. Results (1) The detection rates of cocktail antibody double immunohistochemical staining and HE staining for LVI were 42.9％ (57/133) and 21.8％ (29/133) with statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). (2) The presence of LVI confirmed by double staining was significantly associated with Dukes staging, depth of invasion, clinical stages, lymph node metastasis and tumor budding (P < 0.05). (3) The presence of LVI, the location and extent of LVI, and the number of tumor cells in thrombus ≥5.5 for cases with LVI ≤2 clusters, were significantly associated with OS (P < 0.05). Conclusion D2-40/CD34-CK cocktail antibodies double staining is superior to routine HE staining in assessing LVI. LVI is intimately associated with tumor stage, lymph nodes metastasis and tumor budding, and it is an independent prognostic factor for CRC patients. It should be a supplementary examination for these patients with insufficient lymph node harvest.

Objective:To investigate the effects of sling exercise therapy combined with Kinesio Taping on the balance and walking for stroke patients. Methods:From October, 2017 to August, 2018, 66 patients after stroke were randomly divided into routine group (n = 22), sling group (n = 22) and combined group (n = 22). All the groups accepted routine rehabilitation, while the sling group accepted sling exercise therapy based on routine group and the combined group accepted sling exercise therapy and Kinesio Taping. They were assessed with Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), and their gait parameters were measured with Motion Analysis, before and four weeks after treatment. Results:There were obvious improvements in the BBS score, FMA-LE score and gait parameters in all the groups after treatment (P < 0.05), and it was ranked from better to worse as the combined group, the sling group and the routine group (P < 0.05). Conclusion:Sling exercise therapy combined with Kinesio Taping may further improve balance and walking for stroke patients.

Objective To investigate the protection mechanism of dexmedetomidine against retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) in mice.Methods Forty-eight male C57BL/6 mice born 8 weeks were randomly into sham group,model group and experimental group.Each group had 16 mice.Mice model of RIRI were prepared.Before modeling 15 min,dexmedetomidine 25 μg · L-1 was injected into the abdominal cavity in experimental group,and the same dose of 0.9％ normal saline was injected into the abdominal cavity in sham group and model group.The RIRI model was established successfully then these mice were killed after reperfusion 24 h.The superoxide dismutase (SOD) was detected by WST-1 method,the malondialdehyde (MDA) was detected by TBA method,and the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) was determined by colorimetry.The tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6),1-methylcyclopropene (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were detected by ELISA.Results Compared with the sham group,the levels of SOD (45.47 ± 8.16) U · mg-1 and GSH-PX (264.64 ± 27.31) U · mg-1 in the retinal tissue of the model group were decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).While MDA (1.56±0.41) nmol · mg-1,TNF-α (2.67±0.23) ng · mL-1,IL-6 (2.84±0.34) ng · mL-1,MCP-1 (0.68 ±0.06) ng · mL-1 and IL-10 (0.21 ±0.02) ng · mL-1 in the retinal tissue of the model group were decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the model group,the levels of SOD (71.05 ± 9.34) U · mg-1,GSH-PX (382.20 ±31.56) U · mg-1 and IL-10 (0.44 ±0.07) ng · mL-1 in the retina tissue of the experimental group were decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).while MDA (1.02 ± 0.23) nmol · mg-1,TNF-α (1.53 ± 0.20)ng· mL-1,IL-6 (1.6 ±0.07) ng · mL-1 and MCP-1 (0.41 ±0.07) ng · mL-1 of the experimental group experimental group were decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can significantly reduce RIRI,the mechanism may be related to inhibit oxygen free radical-induced lipid peroxidation injury and inhibit the secretion of inflammatory cytokines.

Objective To learn the status of human resources of vaccination clinics in Zhejiang province and to give suggestions for optimizing the allocation.Methods Investigation and the focus group interview were conducted in Zhejiang Province to learn the configuration standards in vaccination clinics.Results The mean number who attended the immunization work every vaccination day in those clinics was five.The number of staff in each clinic differed from county to county but all reached 0.9 persons serving for 10,000 residents.There should not be less than four persons in each vaccination clinic theoretically.It should be necessary to increase one vaccination staff in every 50 injection doses of vaccine workload.Conclusion The staff of vaccination clinics is inadequate and unbalanced in Zhejiang Province.We should increase staff numbers according to workload and served population.

Carcinoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; China ; Humans ; Male ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Serine Endopeptidases ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo detect the serum proteomic fingerprints in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) by surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) protein chip array technique.

METHODSThe serum samples were obtained from 58 HPSCC patients for protein expression analysis using SELDI-TOF Protein Chip technique and cation-exchange (CM10) protein array. All the spectra were compared and the qualified mass peaks with mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) between 1 and 70 kD were autotimatically detected. The tree analysis pattern was generated using Biomarker Patterns Software.

RESULTSThe protein profiles of HPSCC serum were analyzed according to the clinical and pathological features of the patients and their treatment response. No significant difference was noted in the serum proteins between HPSCC patients with different statuses of cervical lympha node metastasis (P>0.05), and the difference between well differentiated and poorly differentiated HPSCC was only minor. No significant difference was found in the serum proteins between chemotherapy-sensitive patients and the insensitive patients (P>0.05), but 5 proteins were identified to be overexpressed in the sensitive patients (P < / = 0.05). Radiotherapy-sensitive HPSCC patients were segregated from the insensitive group with a sensitivity of 86.67% and specificity of 100%.

CONCLUSIONThe serum protein at the m/z value of 6115.74 is overexpressed in radiotherapy-sensitive HPSCC patients. Serum protein profiling allows the prediction of radiotherapy response in HPSCC patients, and the identified proteins may serve as candidate biomarkers for predicting the radiotherapy sensitivity of HPSCC.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; radiotherapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; radiotherapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Biological ; Proteome ; analysis ; Radiation Tolerance ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; methods

BACKGROUNDStudy of the relationship between mast cells and atherosclerosis is mostly dependent on pathological observation and cytology experiments. To investigate the effects of mast cells degranulation on plaque and their possible mechanisms we used apolipoprotein E knockout mice which had been placed perivascular common carotid collar with mast cells degranulator compound 48-80.

METHODSForty apolipoprotein E knockout mice were fed a western-type diet and operated on with placement of perivascular right common carotid collar. Four weeks after surgery, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with compound 48-80 (0.5 mg/kg) or D-Hanks every other day for 4 times. The serum lipids and activity of tryptase were measured. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Corresponding sections were stained with toluidine blue and immunohistochemically with antibodies against macrophage-specific antigen, alpha-smooth muscle actin, interleukin-1beta and von Willebrand factor. Simultaneously, basic fibroblast growth factor was detected by in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence.

RESULTSNo pathological change was observed in common carotid non-collar placement but atherogenesis in common carotid collar placement of both groups. There was a significant increase in plaque area ((5.85+/-0.75) x 10(4) vs (0.86+/-0.28) x 10(4) microm(2), P<0.05), the degree of lumen stenosis ((81+/-15)% vs (41+/-12)%, P<0.05), the activity of tryptase in serum ((0.57+/-0.13) U/L vs (0.36+/-0.10) U/L, P<0.05), and the percentage of degranulated mast cells ((80.6+/-17.8)% vs (13.5+/-4.1)%, P<0.05). The expressions of macrophage-specific antigen, alpha-smooth muscle actin, interleukin-1beta, basic fibroblast growth factor and the density of neovessel in plaque were more in the compound 48-80 group than in the control group.

CONCLUSIONSPerivascular common carotid collar placement can promote atherosclerotic plaque formation in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Compound 48-80 increases plaque area and the degree of lumen stenosis by the mechanism that compound 48-80 promotes proliferation of smooth muscle cells and aggregation of macrophages. Compound 48-80 promotes angiogenesis in plaque. The mechanism is potentially that compound 48-80 increases the expressions of basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA and protein in plaque. Compound 48-80 enhances the expression of interleukin-1beta in plaque.

Animals ; Apolipoproteins E ; genetics ; Atherosclerosis ; chemically induced ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carotid Arteries ; drug effects ; pathology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Mast Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo obtain the recombinant rv1837c and rv3803c of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using gene engineering technology and explore their prokaryotic expression, purification, and immunogenicity.

METHODSThe Mycobacterium tuberculosis rv1837c and rv3803c genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and then cloned into the vector pTA2, followed by the subclone into the expression vector pET30a (+). The resulting plasmids, named pET30a (+): rv1837c and pET30a (+): rv3803c, encode recombinant protein containing a hexa-histidine tag on its N-terminus. pET30a (+): rv1837c and pET30a (+): rv3803c were introduced into E. coli BL21 (DE3) by transformation respectively, and the recombinant gene was induced with 0.4 mmol/L isopropyl-D-thiogalactopyranoside. The expressed products were identified by Western blot with hexa-histidine tag antibody and serum from tuberculotic patients. The histidine tagged protein was purified by nickel nitrilotriacetic acid His-Bind resin. Rabbits were immunized with purified recombinant Rv1837c and Rv3803c proteins. Then the purified recombinant Rv1837c and Rv3803c proteins were used to detect antibody in rabbit serum, which had been immunized by Western blot.

RESULTSAfter transformation of the E. coli and induction with 0.4 mmol/L of isopropyl-D-thiogalactopyranoside, recombinant target proteins Rv1837c (relative molecular mass: 92000) and Rv3803c (relative molecular mass: 38 000) were expressed in pET30a (+): rv1837c and pET30a (+): rv3803c system. The expressed protein existed in cytoplasm in an unsoluble form and amounted to 30% and 50% of the total proteins of E. coli. The purity of the purified protein reached 90%. The immunogenicity of the recombinant proteins Rv1837c and Rv3803c was strong, as identified by Western blot.

CONCLUSIONThe prokaryotic expression recombinant plasmids pET30a (+): rv1837c and pET30a (+): rv3803c was successfully constructed and the recombinant proteins Rv1837c and Rv3803c were obtained, which laid a basis for the optimized diagnosis of active tuberculosis.

Antibodies ; metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism