BACKGROUND:The stability of the pelvis is mainly determined by the posterior pelvic ring and the sacroiliac joint.The posterior pelvic ring injury and the dislocation of the sacroiliac joint caused by high energy impacts such as car accidents increase year by year.Surgical treatment is the best method,and there are many kinds of endophytorepair methods in clinical practice,but which treatment method has the best biomechanical properties is still controversial. OBJECTIVE:To compare the biomechanical properties of three kinds of internal implants:anterior double plates,posterior bridging plate and tension nail in the repair of unilateral unstable pelvic posterior ring injury,to provide a reference for the clinical treatment and development of a new pelvic tension screw. METHODS:(1)Finite element simulation:Mimics,Wrap and SolidWorks were used to establish normal pelvic model,unilateral injured pelvis model,and three kinds of internal implant repaired models(anterior double plates,posterior bridging plate and tension nail).Ansys was used to analyze the stress and deformation of the models.(2)Biomechanical test:A total of 15 intact pelvic specimens were randomly grouped into five groups,normal pelvic model,unilateral injured pelvis model,anterior double plates,posterior bridging plate and tension nail groups.The mechanical test was performed using an Instron E10000 testing machine. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Simulation:In the normal pelvic model,the average displacement of the sacrum was 0.174 mm,and the maximum stress of the sacral iliac bone was 10.51 MPa,and the stress distribution was uniform.The mean sacral displacement of the unilateral injured pelvis model was 0.267 mm,and the stress concentration of the model was obvious.The mean displacement of the sacrum in the three repaired models was close to that in the normal pelvic model,and the stress distribution of the sacral iliac bone in the tension nail repaired model was uniform.(2)Mechanical test:The stiffness of the normal pelvic model was(226.38±4.18)N/mm,and that of the unilateral unstable pelvic model was the smallest(130.02±2.19)N/mm.The deviation of the normal pelvic model stiffness and the three repaired models'stiffness were all within(±10%),and the repair effect was obvious.(3)The simulation results were in agreement with the experimental results.(4)The biomechanics of the tension nail repaired model was the most similar to that of the normal pelvis,and this method was the best.The repairing stiffness of the anterior double plate was too large,and the stress shielding effect was more significant.The posterior bridging plate repair could not solve the compensatory effect of the normal side soft tissue and had defects.This study provides an optimal basis for clinical surgery.(5)The new type of pelvic tension nail should be improved from the point of view of the tension nail to retain the good biomechanical properties of the tension nail,while adding other advantages,such as being used for the osteoporotic pelvis.

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Grifola frondosa extract on inflammatory response of colon tissue in rats with ulcerative colitis(UC)by regulating interleukin-6(IL-6)/Janus kinase 2(JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway.Methods:Forty SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group,UC model group,Grifola frondosa treatment group,western medicine treatment group and combined treatment group,with 8 rats in each group.After UC rats were established by free drinking 3%DSS for 7 days,the treatment group were given Grifola frondosa extract 10 mg/(kg·d),sulfasalazine 0.3 g/(kg·d),and the same amount of two drugs,for 14 consecutive days.During the experiment,general state of rats were observed,and the disease activity index(DAI)score was calculated;pathological changes of rats colon tissue were observed by HE staining;protein expression levels of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 and p-STAT3 in rats colon tissue were detected by Western blot;content of IL-6 in rats serum was detected by ELISA;protein contents and expressions of IL-6R and MPO in rats colon tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry.Results:Compared with blank control group,general state of rats in UC model group was poor,DAI score was increased,obvious tissue mucosal defects and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed by HE staining;protein expression levels of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 and p-STAT3 in rats colon tissue and contents of IL-6R and MPO were significantly increased(P<0.01);content of IL-6 in rats serum was significantly increased(P<0.01),the difference was statistically significant.Compared with UC model group,general condition of rats in each treatment group was improved,DAI score was decreased,HE staining showed that mucosal defects were improved to varying degrees,and occasionally inflammatory cell infiltration was observed;protein expression levels of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 and p-STAT3 in colon tissue were significantly decreased(P<0.01),contents of IL-6R and MPO in colon tissue and content of IL-6 in serum were significantly decreased(P<0.01 or P<0.05),the differences were statistically significant.Conclusion:Grifola frondosa extract can reduce the inflammatory response in colon tissue of UC rats by regulating expressions of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway related factors.

Objective To search for the reports of adverse events of levofloxacin use in children using the FAERS database,and to mine and analyze the data to provide reference for safe clinical use.Methods The data reported of adverse events of levofloxacin use in children from January 1,2004 to June 30,2023 were retrieved through the OpenVigil 2.1 platform,and the relevant data were analyzed based on the reporting odds ratio(ROR)method.Results A total of 484 cases of adverse events of levofloxacin in children were retrieved,and 94 positive risk signals were found.The main systemic organs involved were various musculoskeletal and connective tissues,gastrointestinal system,systemic and administration sites,and the top five positive signals were Dimycodes infection(ROR=822.87),tendon pain(ROR=563.71),Mycobacterium ulcers infection(ROR=352.65),tendon rupture(ROR=341.91),and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome-related tuberculosis(ROR=310.84).The top five positive signals not mentioned in the label were Mycobacterium ulcerans infection(ROR=352.65),immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome-associated tuberculosis(ROR=310.84),central nervous system tuberculoma(ROR=102.85),linear IgA disease(ROR=82.68),and increased intracranial pressure(ROR=32.46).Conclusion In addition to the known adverse events,levofloxacin is used in children,and the risk signal intensity of adverse reactions such as increased intracranial pressure and tuberculosis-related diseases is high,so it is recommended to carefully select and strengthen relevant safety monitoring.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of using Cariostat test for caries risk assessment in adult outpatients and provide a reference basis for caries prevention and treatment in adult outpatients of different ages.Methods Fifty-two adult patients of different ages(18-24,25-34,35-44,45-54,and≥55 years old)attending outpatient clinics of The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were tested for caries activity using the Cariostat test.Oral examinations were conducted according to the criteria of the 5th edition of the Basic Methods of Oral Health Surveys of the World Health Organization,and on-site questionnaire sur-veys were performed for the Cariogram assessment system.Oral examinations included assessments of dental arch conditions and caries status,while questionnaire surveys covered dietary habits,oral health care habits,etc.The caries status of adult outpatients of different age groups was analyzed,and caries activity was assessed using the Cariostat test.The caries risk levels were determined,and the con-sistency between the Cariostat test and the Cariogram assessment system was evaluated.Results It was found that there was a differ-ence in mean decayed,missing and filled surfaces(DMFS)between the low-risk group of adult outpatients with different caries risk levels classed by the Cariostat test and the intermediate and high-risk groups(P＜0.05).There was a difference in mean decayed,missing and filled teeth(DMFT)and mean DMFS between the low-risk group of adult outpatients with different caries risk levels classed by Cariogram and the intermediate and high-risk groups(P＜0.05).The evaluation results of caries risk levels in adult outpa-tients classed by the Cariostat test and the Cariogram assessment system showed a Kappa value of 0.467(P＜0.05)in the≥55 years old group,indicating moderate consistency.Conclusion The Cariostat test is useful in understanding the caries activity of adult outpa-tients and is particularly accurate and effective in patients at the age of 55 or older.

Objective To investigate the biomechanical properties of a novel sacroiliac lag screw with a spiral blade.Methods Percutaneous sacroiliac lag screws were used as the controls.Polyurethane material was used to simulate the trabecular bone,and the pullout resistance performance was tested on an Instron mechanical testing machine.Subsequently,pelvic specimens were utilized to analyze the static stiffness and dynamic stability of the novel sacroiliac lag screw in repairing sacroiliac joint injuries under normal standing conditions,with normal pelvis,single-sided sacroiliac joint injury pelvis,percutaneous sacroiliac lag screw-single screw repair,and percutaneous sacroiliac lag screw-double screw repair as controls.Results The damage to the polyurethane material after screw extraction was smaller in the novel sacroiliac lag screw group.The average effective holding displacement of the novel sacroiliac lag screw was significantly greater than that of the percutaneous sacroiliac lag screw(P＜0.05).However,the maximum resistance to the pullout force for the percutaneous sacroiliac lag screw was significantly higher than that for the novel sacroiliac lag screw(P＜0.05).The stiffness after repair of sacroiliac joint injuries was significantly higher when using a single sacroiliac lag screw than when using two percutaneous sacroiliac lag screws(P＜0.05).The displacement amplitude was the highest in the sacroiliac joint injury group,followed by that in the normal group.The displacement amplitudes in the other groups were similar;however,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The dynamic stability of the sacroiliac lag screw repair group was the best,slightly better than that of the percutaneous sacroiliac lag screw-double screw repair group,and the dynamic stability of the sacroiliac joint injury group was the worst.The novel sacroiliac lag screw effectively repaired the sacroiliac joint injuries.Conclusions The novel sacroiliac lag screw can effectively hold the trabecular bone and has practical clinical utility.

Objective To investigate the nutritional status of children with Crohn's Disease (CD) at diagnosis and its association with clinical characteristics. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data and nutritional status of 118 children with CD who were admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital,Capital Medical University,from January 2016 to January 2024. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for malnutrition. Results A total of 118 children with CD were included,among whom there were 68 boys (57.6％) and 50 girls (42.4％),with a mean age of (11±4) years. Clinical symptoms mainly included recurrent abdominal pain (73.7％,87/118),diarrhea (37.3％,44/118),and hematochezia (32.2％,38/118),and 63.6％ (75/118) of the children had weight loss at diagnosis. The incidence rate of malnutrition was 63.6％ (75/118),and the children with moderate or severe malnutrition accounted for 67％ (50/75). There were 50 children (42.4％) with emaciation,8 (6.8％) with growth retardation,and 9 (7.6％) with overweight or obesity. Measurement of nutritional indices showed a reduction in serum albumin in 83 children (70.3％),anemia in 74 children (62.7％),and a reduction in 25 hydroxyvitamin D in 15 children (60％,15/25). The children with malnutrition had significantly higher disease activity,proportion of children with intestinal stenosis,and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a significant reduction in serum albumin (P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that intestinal stenosis was an independent risk factor for malnutrition in children with CD (OR=4.416,P<0.05). Conclusions There is a high incidence rate of malnutrition in children with CD at diagnosis,which is associated with disease activity and disease behavior. The nutritional status of children with CD should be closely monitored.

To investigate the existence of tick-borne pathogens infection of rodents at the border of China and the Demo-cratic People's Republic of Korea(DPRK).PCR was used to detect the spotted fever group rickettsiae(SFGR)ompA gene,Ehrlichia chaffeensis(Ec)and Anaplasma phagocytophilum(Ap)16S rRNA,Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis(CNm)groEL gene,Bartonella(Ba)rpoB gene,and Francisella tularensis(Ft)fopA gene in rodents samples collected from Ji'an of Jilin province and Kuandian of Liaoning Province.The positivity rates of 132 wild rats spleen samples,SFGR,Ec,Ap,CNm,Ba,and Ft were 9.85％,12.88％,5.30％,3.79％,51.52％,and 6.06％,respectively,with statistical differences in in-fection rates(x2=149.236,P=0.000).The infection rate of Ba was the highest in wild rats in this area.There was no signifi-cant difference in the infection rate of SFGR,Ec,Ap,CNm,and Ft among different rats species,but there were significant differences in the infection rate of Ba(x2=13.36,P=0.010).The infection rate of Apodemus agrarius was the highest.A-mong 132 wild rats specimens,the coinfection rate of the two pathogens was 15.9％(21/132),with Ba as the main species(15/132),and two cases of coinfection with three pathogens were detected.The infection of six tick-borne pathogens is common in wild rats at the China/DPRK border.Co-infection of two or three pathogens indicates a risk of multiple tick-borne pathogens and mixed natural foci of multiple tick-borne infec-tious diseases.

Bronchial asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease, which is involved in a variety of cells and cellular components. In 2019, the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma issued by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Committee put forward the concept of type 2 inflammatory asthma for the first time. The updated evolution of GINA guidelines has promoted the development of biological agents and disease treatment, providing effective prevention and treatment for patients with severe asthma and improving disease outcome. This paper expounds the disease mechanism and management suggestions of type 2 inflammatory asthma in GINA guidelines, and analyzes the relevant clinical studies on targeted treatment of type 2 inflammatory asthma in recent years, in order to provide reference for in-depth understanding of level 3 prevention and management of patients with type 2 inflammatory asthma.
Humans ; Asthma/prevention & control*

Bronchial asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease, which is involved in a variety of cells and cellular components. In 2019, the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma issued by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Committee put forward the concept of type 2 inflammatory asthma for the first time. The updated evolution of GINA guidelines has promoted the development of biological agents and disease treatment, providing effective prevention and treatment for patients with severe asthma and improving disease outcome. This paper expounds the disease mechanism and management suggestions of type 2 inflammatory asthma in GINA guidelines, and analyzes the relevant clinical studies on targeted treatment of type 2 inflammatory asthma in recent years, in order to provide reference for in-depth understanding of level 3 prevention and management of patients with type 2 inflammatory asthma.
Humans ; Asthma/prevention & control*

Objective:To study the profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the peripheral blood of children with drug-resistant epilepsy, and to find diagnostic biomarkers for early identification of drug-resistant epilepsy in children.Methods:Retrospective study.Five peripheral blood samples were collected from children in drug-resistant epilepsy group (group R), drug-responsive epilepsy group (group F) composed of the children with epilepsy in pediatric neurology clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to June 2019 and healthy control group (group J) composed of healthy children who underwent physical examination in the children′s health care clinic at the same time for analyzing miRNA profiles by high-throughput sequencing.In addition, peripheral blood samples were collected from children in R′ group (5 cases), F′ group (7 cases) and J′ group (6 cases) similarly for validating expression levels of 11 candidate miRNAs by quantificational real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were plotted to analyze the diagnostic potential of 7 targeted miRNAs in distinguishing children with drug-resistant epilepsy from drug-responsive epilepsy.Target genes of the 7 validated miRNAs were predicted using online databases, which were then analyzed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and gene ontology (GO). Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used for comparison among the three groups.Results:High-throughput sequencing found that compared with group F, there were 68 differentially expressed miRNAs in group R, involving 22 up-regulated and 46 down-regulated miRNAs.qPCR results showed that, expression trends of 7 miRNAs (let-7f, miR-99a-5p, miR-99b-5p, and miR-125a-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-142-5p, miR-100) were consistent with high-throughput sequencing results among the 11 selected miRNAs.ROC analysis found that when the cut-off values of miR-99a-5p, miR-99b-5p, miR-125a-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-142-5p and miR-100 were greater than 0.56, 1.00, 3.17, 2.24, 2.09 and 0.59, respectively, their area under curve (AUC) (≥0.871), sensitivity (≥80.0%) and specificity (≥85.7%) were relatively high, which were expected to be diagnostic marker for drug-resistant epilepsy in children.Among them, the diagnostic potential of miR-125b-5p was the best.Bioinformatics analysis found that miR-125b-5p was enriched in the regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, pluripotent stem cell signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, sphingomyelin signaling pathway, neurotrophic protein signaling pathway and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway.Conclusions:The miRNA profile in the whole blood of children with drug-resistant epilepsy is significantly different from that in children with drug-responsive epilepsy.miR-125b-5p is expected to be a potential biomarker of drug-resistant epilepsy in children.