ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the mechanism by which Yishen Huoxue Tongqiao Formula improves metabolism-neuroplasticity and treats unilateral vestibular labyrinth destruction by regulating the metabolic balance of glutamate （Glu）/γ-aminobutyric acid （GABA）. Methods48 Sprague-Dawley （SD） adult rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group， model group， Yishen Huoxue Tongqiao Formula groups with low， medium， and high doses （9.20， 18.39， 36.78 g·kg^-1）， and betahistine group （1.62 mg·kg^-1）. A unilateral vestibular labyrinth destruction （vestibular dysfunction） model was established by intratympanic injection of chloroform into the right ear， while the control group received intratympanic injection of normal saline. Drugs were administered once daily for seven consecutive days. During the period， behavioral tests were performed to evaluate the behaviors of rats after unilateral vestibular labyrinth destruction. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Nissl staining were used to observe the neuronal morphology in the medial vestibular nucleus. Golgi staining was employed to assess the number of dendritic spines of neurons in the medial vestibular nucleus. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-ESI-MS/MS） was utilized to detect Glu/GABA. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expressions of neuronal nuclei （NeuN）， growth-associated protein 43 （GAP-43）， and glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP）. Western blot and real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） were applied to determine the expressions of glutamate-immunoreactive （Glu-IR）， GABA， GFAP， postsynaptic density protein 95 （PSD-95）， and GAP-43. ResultsCompared with the sham operation group， the model group presented with head deviation， balance disorder， increased tail suspension score， nuclear consolidation of medial vestibular nerve neurons， and decreased Nissl bodies （P<0.01）. The number of dendritic spines in neurons and NeuN-positive cells decreased. The content of Glu decreased. The content of GABA increased （Glu/GABA decreased）. The expression of GAP-43 was down-regulated， and GFAP was up-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The expressions of Glu-IR， PSD-95， and GAP-43 proteins， as well as Glu-IR mRNA decreased， while the expressions of GABA and GFAP proteins and mRNA increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with those in the model group， the head deviation， imbalanced behavior， and tail suspension scores in each treatment group decreased， with alleviated neuronal injury and recovered Nissl bodies （P<0.01）. The number of dendritic spines of neurons increased， and the number of NeuN-positive cells rebounded. The content of Glu increased， and the content of GABA decreased （Glu/GABA increased）. GFAP was down-regulated， and GAP-43 was up-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The expressions of Glu-IR， PMD-95， and GAP-43 proteins， as well as Glu-IR mRNA increased， while the expressions of GABA and GFAP proteins and mRNA decreased. The effect was more significant in the high-dose group （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe Yishen Huoxue Tongqiao Formula can alleviate vestibular dysfunction， and its mechanism may be associated with regulating the metabolic balance of Glu/GABA， mitigating neural damage， improving synaptic plasticity （promoting GAP-43 expression and inhibiting GFAP expression）， and facilitating vestibular compensation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） with biliary duct tumor thrombus （BDTT） is currently not common in clinical practice and is easily misdiagnosed， and previously， it was often considered an advanced stage of the disease with a poor prognosis， making its treatment challenging. However， in-depth studies in recent years have gradually deepened our understanding of this disease， leading to significant changes in diagnostic and treatment concepts. Currently， comprehensive treatment， mainly surgery， is used for treatment， but there is still controversy over the selection of clinical treatment strategies. This article provides a detailed discussion on surgical methods and prognosis， in order to provide a reference for clinical treatment options.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) has high morbidity and mortality, but effective clinical drugs and management are lacking. Previous studies have suggested that macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammatory response to AKI and may serve as potential therapeutic targets. Emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) in mediating macrophage activation and polarization in various diseases, but the specific mechanisms by which FoxO1 regulates macrophages during AKI remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of FoxO1 in macrophages in the pathogenesis of AKI. We observed a significant upregulation of FoxO1 in kidney macrophages following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Additionally, our findings demonstrated that the administration of FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856-encapsulated liposome (AS-Lipo), mainly acting on macrophages, effectively mitigated renal injury induced by I/R injury in mice. By generating myeloid-specific FoxO1-knockout mice, we further observed that the deficiency of FoxO1 in myeloid cells protected against I/R injury-induced AKI. Furthermore, our study provided evidence of FoxO1's pivotal role in macrophage chemotaxis, inflammation, and migration. Moreover, the impact of FoxO1 on the regulation of macrophage migration was mediated through RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (ARHGEF1), indicating that ARHGEF1 may serve as a potential intermediary between FoxO1 and the activity of the RhoA pathway. Consequently, our findings propose that FoxO1 plays a crucial role as a mediator and biomarker in the context of AKI. Targeting macrophage FoxO1 pharmacologically could potentially offer a promising therapeutic approach for AKI.

Objective To compare and analyze the gene mutation of EGFR of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)exosome,serum and lung cancer tissue specimens of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and assess whether the BALF exosome specimens are suitable for screening before clinical targeted therapy,to provide new ideas and screening methods for early individualized treatment of advanced NSCLC patients.Methods BALF exosomes,serum and lung cancer tissue specimens EGFR gene mutations of 78 cases with advanced NSCLC were detected by using amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)method in Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine in our hospital from May 2021 to May 2023,and the results were retrospec-tively analyzed.A comparative analysis of the specimens was conducted using lung cancer tissue specimens as bench-marks.Results A total of 33,25 and 38 cases of EGFR gene mutation and 42,53 and 40 cases of EGFR wild type were detected in BALF exosomes,serum and lung cancer tissues specimens respectively.The mutation rate of EGFR gene was 42.3%(33/78,32.1%(25/78)and 48.7%(38/78)in BALF exosomes,serum and lung cancer tissues specimens respectively.EGFR detection showed no results in 3 cases and the false-negative rate was 6.4%(5/78)in BALF specimen,and false-negative rate was 16.7%(13/78)in serum.The detection coincidence rate of EGFR mutation was 86.8%(33/38)in BALF exosomes specimen,and 65.8%(25/38)in serum.Conclusions EGFR gene mutation rate in BALF exosome specimen is consistent with that in serum and lung cancer tissue samples,showing no statistical significance(P>0.05).It is superior to serum specimen and suitable for patient screening before targeted therapy and provides new ideas and screening methods for early individualized treatment decisions of advanced NSCLC patients.

Purpose/Significance To expound the development of the application of new generation intelligent technologies in the medi-cal field in China,and to provide ideas for the future development of intelligent medical technologies in China.Method/Process Literature related to the application of medical intelligence technology from 2000 to 2023 is searched and screened on CNKI,and the knowledge graph is drawn by descriptive statistical analysis and CiteSpace software for visualization analysis.Result/Conclusion The number of papers pub-lished in the application research field of domestic medical intelligence technology shows a trend of steady growth and then leveling off.The hot keywords mainly include smart medical care,health care,health management,etc.,forming 8 main cluster sets.Future research should strengthen cooperation and exchanges between researchers and organizations,and pay more attention to the challenges posed by the applica-tion of technology in terms of security and privacy,technology supervision,talent team construction and technological energy consumption.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on walking function of stroke patients at recovery stage. MethodsFrom January, 2021 to January, 2022, 60 stroke inpatients at recovery stage from Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were randomly divided into group A (n = 20), group B (n = 20) and group C (n = 20). All the groups accepted conventional rehabilitation therapy and lower limb robot-assisted training, while group B accepted pseudo-rTMS, and group C accepted high-frequency rTMS, for four weeks. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), Timed 'Up and Go' Test (TUGT) and gait analysis before and after treatment. ResultsThe score of FMA-LE, TUGT, pace, stride width, stride, double support phase time, affected side support phase time, affected side swing phase time, healthy side support phase time and healthy side swing phase time improved after treatment in all the groups (|t| > 5.990, P < 0.001), and all the indexes improved the most in group C (F > 3.210, P < 0.05), except double support phase time. ConclusionHigh-frequency rTMS could facilitate the recovery of lower limb function and walking of stroke patients at recovery stage.

Mitochondrial autophagy is a process to clear dysfunctional mitochondria in the cytoplasm to maintain the integrity of mitochondrial function and cell homeostasis. Mitochondrial autophagy is a complex physiological process， which can maintain the balance of mitochondrial quality and quantity， cell survival under starvation and harsh conditions， and the stability of the intracellular environment. Its molecular mechanism involves a variety of proteins. Many factors can induce mitochondrial autophagy， such as starvation， oxidative stress， hypoxia， depolarization， and other stresses. The accumulation of unfolded proteins can also induce mitochondrial autophagy. In recent years， as a research hotspot， the abnormality of mitochondrial morphology and function is closely related to the occurrence of a variety of diseases. The research on mitochondrial autophagy and the pathogenesis of clinical diseases has attracted more attention， such as tumors， cardiovascular diseases， liver diseases， nervous system diseases， and glucose metabolism disorders. It has been found that regulating mitochondrial autophagy may inspire the treatment of some diseases. Meanwhile， clinical researchers have paid more attention to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. As revealed by in-depth research， Chinese medicine has a certain value in regulating mitochondrial autophagy. The research on the pathogenesis of mitochondrial autophagy in related diseases and the intervention of Chinese medicine has found that there are many reports on the regulation of mitochondrial autophagy by Chinese medicine in tumors， cardiovascular diseases， and nervous system diseases. However， the mechanism of mitochondrial autophagy， the balance of mitochondrial autophagy， and the difference in the activation or inhibition of mitochondrial autophagy by Chinese medicine remain unclear. The regulation of mitochondrial autophagy has become a new research target strategy of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of diseases. This paper reviewed the available literature in recent years to provide reference materials for the regulation of mitochondrial autophagy by Chinese medicine and ideas for the follow-up research of Chinese medicine in mitochondrial autophagy.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of remimazolam-propofol-sufentanil for anesthesia in patients undergoing painless gastroscopy.Methods:Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠor Ⅱ patients, aged 20-59 yr, weighing 44-69 kg, scheduled for elective painless gastroscopy, were divided into 2 groups ( n=40 each) using a random number table method: remimazolam-propofol-sufentanil group (group RPS) and propofol-sufentanil group (group PS). The patients in group RPS received successive intravenous injection of sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg, remimazolam 0.15 mg/kg and propofol (at a rate of 4 mg/s). The patients in group PS received intravenous injection of sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg and propofol (at a rate of 4 mg/s). When Observer′ s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale score was 0, gastroscopy was performed.The consumption of propofol, time of anesthesia, time for gastroscopy, emergence time and discharge time were recorded.The number of intraoperative assisted respiration cases, body movement and occurrence of adverse reactions at the time of discharge were observed. Results:Compared with group PS, the consumption of propofol was significantly decreased, and the time of anesthesia, emergence time and discharge time were shortened in group RPS ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the time for gastroscopy, the number of intraoperative assisted respiration cases, body movement and the occurrence of adverse reactions at discharge time between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Remimazolam-propofol-sufentanil produces better efficacy for anesthesia than propofol-sufentanil in patients undergoing painless gastroscopy.

Previous studies have shown that postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is related to multiple factors including age, postoperative trauma, inflammation, postoperative pain, and anesthesia, among which postoperative pain is thought to play an important role in the development of POCD. This review summarizes the recent findings in the study of the role of postoperative pain in the pathogenesis of POCD in light of nerve injuries, neural remodeling and stress, and the progress in the prevention and treatment of POCD in elderly patients. It is of vital important to assess the postoperative pain and formulate adequate analgesic regimens for effective prevention and management of POCD to protect the brain functions of elderly patients.
Aged ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; etiology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Pain, Postoperative ; complications ; therapy ; Postoperative Complications

To understand the use in recent 10 years of(GB/T 12346-2006),a standard of The People's Republic of China,so as to provide the evidence for its further establishment and revision,we investigated and analyzed the application ofthrough relevant literature and the textbook. It is found that making use of the standard is being realized in various types of articles and it is described in almost all the textbooks. Implementing the standard intensively promotes the standardization of acupuncture-moxibustion education and clinical manipulation as well as the academic exchange domestically and overseas. In turn,its scientificalness and authority are further strengthened.