Objective:To investigate the correlations between subjective nasal patency, nasal valve area size and aerodynamic parameters in normal nasal cavity by means of numerical simulation, and to explore the effect of nasal valve on nasal subjective sensation and nasal airflow regulation.Methods:A total of 52 healthy participants (31 males and 21 females) with the average age of 37.8 years, were recruited from the outpatient Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Ninth People′s Hospital Affiliated to the Medical College of Shanghai Jiao Tong University between January and August 2023. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores for unilateral nasal subjective sensation were obtained from all participants. Additionally, the aerodynamic characteristics of inspiratory airflow were simulated. A correlation matrix analysis was conducted to identify the correlation strength between these subjective and objective parameters.Results:VAS scores showed negative correlations with unilateral nasal valve cross-sectional area ( r=-0.85, P<0.01) and unilateral intranasal airflow ( r=-0.57, P<0.01), and was a positive correlation with unilateral nasal resistance (NR) at the front-end of inferior turbinate ( r=0.61, P<0.01). The average cross-sectional area of unilateral nasal valve was (0.85±0.35) cm 2. The cross-sectional area of unilateral nasal valve was negatively correlated with unilateral NR ( r=-0.50, P<0.01), and positively correlated with unilateral nasal airflow ( r=0.61, P<0.01). The NR at the nasal valve area accounted for (40.41±23.54)% of the total unilateral NR. Nearly half of the unilateral NR [(46.74±21.38)%] and air warming [(49.96±10.02)%] occurring before the front end of inferior turbinate were achieved. Conclusions:The nasal valve area plays a crucial role in influencing nasal NR, unilateral nasal airflow, and changes in nasal airflow temperature. Moreover, it is associated with subjective perception of nasal patency.

AIM:To investigate the effects of adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)with overexpression or si-lencing of long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)SNHG8 on the viability,migration,angiogenesis,and the expression of vasoac-tive factors in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).METHODS:Identification of ADSCs derived from morbidly obese patients(O-ADSCs)was conducted using flow cytometry and induction of lipogenesis and osteogenesis.The expression of lncRNA SNHG8 in healthy human ADSCs(H-ADSCs)and O-ADSCs was detected by RT-qPCR.Tran-swell method was used to establish the indirect co-culture system of ADSCs and HUVECs for 48 h,and the cells were di-vided into O-ADSCs+HUVECs group,H-ADSCs+HUVECs group,and HUVECs alone group.The mRNA and protein ex-pression levels of angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ),endothelin-1(ET-1)and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)in HUVECs were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot.The lncRNA SNHG8 overexpression and silencing lentiviruses were con-structed and used to infect O-ADSCs.The indirect co-cultured ADSCs and HUVECs were divided into O-ADSCs-OE-SNHG8+ HUVECs group,O-ADSCs-OE-NC+HUVECs group,O-ADSCs-sh-SNHG8+HUVECs group,and O-ADSCs-sh-NC+HUVECs group.After co-culture for 48 h,the viability,migration and tubule formation of HUVECs were detected by CCK-8,scratch and angiogenesis assays,respectively.The mRNA and protein expression levels of Ang Ⅱ,ET-1 and eNOS in HU-VECs were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot,respectively.The nitrate reductase method was used to detect the con-tent of NO in HUVECs.RESULTS:(1)The cultured cells were identified as ADSCs.(2)Compared with H-ADSCs,ln-cRNA SNHG8 expression was significantly up-regulated in O-ADSCs(P<0.01).(3)Compared with H-ADSCs+HUVECs group and HUVECs group,the mRNA and protein expression levels of Ang Ⅱ and ET-1 in HUVECs in O-ADSCs+HU-VECs group were up-regulated(P<0.01).(4)Overexpression of lncRNA SNHG8 in O-ADSCs enhanced the viability,mi-gration and tube formation ability of HUVECs,up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of Ang Ⅱ and ET-1,down-regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of eNOS,and decreased the content of NO in HUVECs(P<0.05).However,silencing of lncRNA SNHG8 in O-ADSCs exerted opposite results(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:(1)The O-ADSCs can promote endothelial cell viability,migration and tubule formation through paracrine effects.(2)The O-ADSCs with overexpression of lncRNA SNHG8 promote the imbalance of diastolic and contractile factors secreted by endo-thelial cells,and induce the dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells.

Objective:To validate the feasibility of the gamma analysis method in the study of prescription dose conversion between logistic nanodosimetry model (LNDM) and microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM) basing on the Chinese self-developed model LNDM by applying clinical experiences of National Institute of Radiological Science (NIRS).Methods:Physical dose distributions derived from the MKM- and LNDM-based carbon ion treatment plans were compared via the method of gamma analysis under the open-source treatment planning platform matRad. In this way, the prescribed dose conversion factor between the MKM- and LNDM-based treatment plans was obtained. Using water phantoms, the influence of geometric shape, size, depth of target volume (TV), prescribed dose and field setting on the conversion factor was investigated comprehensively. Moreover, preliminary verification of the acquired conversion factor was conducted on the C-shape model and a case of liver cancer patient.Results:The conversion factor depended on the field setting rather than the TV shape. Under the condition of single field, the conversion factor was positively correlated with the size and depth of TV, and the prescribed dose. Moreover, the conversion factor was successfully verified using the C-shape model and the patient with liver cancer, where the gamma passing rates (2%/2 mm) of the physical dose distribution generated by the MKM and LNDM treatment plans were 92.79% and 91.19%, respectively.Conclusions:The conversion factors (f=D LNDM/D MKM) obtained in this study might provide guidance for the prescribed dose setting during the carbon ion treatment planning based on the LNDM. Besides, the gamma analysis method could be used for the study of the prescribed dose conversion between different models.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of surgical revision of nasofacial deformity secondary to maxillary frontal process fracture.Methods:The clinical data of patients with nasofacial deformities secondary to maxillary frontal process fractures who underwent surgery in the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery of Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2009 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The nasofacial deformity was surgically treated by open reduction with internal fixation, nasal septum correction, and reconstruction of orbital wall fracture. Three months after surgery, the surgical results were evaluated from the following three aspects. (1) Nasofacial morphology, which was evaluated by two doctors and the patient, and was classified into 3 levels: very satisfied, satisfied, and unsatisfied. (2) Objective assessment of nasal ventilation function, which was measured by nasal acoustic rhinometry and nasal resistance detection, including measurements of nasal minimum cross-sectional area (MCA), nasal volume 7 cm from the anterior nostril (NV), total nasal inspiratory resistance (TRi) and total nasal expiratory resistance (TRe). To eliminate the differences caused by swelling of the nasal mucosa, the patients were divided into 3 groups of <7 d, 7-14 d, and >14 d according to the time from trauma to preoperative examination for pre- and post-operative comparisons, respectively. (3) Subjective assessment of nasal ventilation function was performed using the nasal obstructive symptom evaluation (NOSE) scale, with a total score of 0 to 20, with a higher score indicating more severe nasal obstruction symptoms. The SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD. A paired t-test was used to compare the preoperative and 3-month postoperative data, with P<0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference. Results:A total of 83 patients were included, 53 males and 30 females, aged 7 to 78 years, with a median of 35 years. All patients underwent successful surgery, and all soft tissue incisions healed well after surgery with improved nasofacial morphology. Three months after surgery, the physicians were very satisfied and satisfied with the nasofacial morphology in 49 (59%) and 34 (41%) patients, respectively, and patients were very satisfied, satisfied, and unsatisfied in 51 (61%), 29 (35%), and 3(4%) cases, respectively. Before surgery, the <7 d group (14 cases), 7-14 d group (28 cases), and >14 d group (41 cases) had MCA values of (0.43±0.10) cm 2, (0.51±0.15) cm 2, and (0.50±0.14) cm 2; NV values of (9.76±2.20) cm 3, (12.40±4.15) cm 3, and (12.40±3.87) cm 3; TRi values of (1.93±0.28) kPa·L -1·s -1, (1.96±0.24) kPa·L -1·s -1, and (1.96±0.23) kPa·L -1·s -1; TRe values of (2.02±0.35) kPa·L -1·s -1, (2.08±0.38) kPa·L -1·s -1, and (2.08±0.34) kPa·L -1·s -1, respectively. Three months after surgery, in the three groups, the MCA values were (0.48±0.08) cm 2, (0.56±0.15) cm 2, and (0.56±0.14) cm 2; the NV values were (11.56±2.49) cm 3, (14.40±4.50) cm 3, and (14.41±4.24) cm 3; the TRi values were (1.74±0.19) kPa·L -1·s -1, (1.78±0.15) kPa·L -1·s -1, (1.78±0.14) kPa·L -1·s -1; the TRe values were (1.73±0.24) kPa·L -1·s -1, (1.79±0.24) kPa·L -1·s -1, and (1.79±0.22) kPa·L -1·s -1, respectively. In all three groups, the MCA and NV values at 3 months postoperatively were greater than the preoperative values of MCA and NV (all P < 0.01), and the TRe and TRi values at 3 months postoperatively were less than those preoperative values (all P < 0.01). At 3 months postoperatively, the NOSE scale score was (4.1±1.2)points, which was significantly lower than the preoperative score of NOSE scale score[(10.5±1.8)points] ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The combination of objective and subjective assessment method can help the surgeon to accurately determine the nasofacial morphological and functional defects caused by the fracture of the maxillary frontal process area before surgery and to formulate a perfect surgical plan. The patients’ nasofacial appearance and nasal ventilation functions were significantly improved after the fracture revision surgery.

Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),as a mental disorder disease,can seriously damage the physical and mental health and social functioning of patients.Physical therapy is increasingly being used in research on the treatment of PTSD due to its ability to directly target specific brain regions and improve the core symptoms of PTSD.This review categorizes on physical therapy for PTSD into two categories:non-invasive physical therapy and invasive physical therapy.Non-invasive physical therapy methods included electroconvulsive therapy,transcranial direct current stimulation,transcranial magnetic stimulation,and the Flexyx neurotherapy system.Non-invasive physical therapy had the advantages of safety,convenience,and simple operation.However,their stimulation accuracy was limited.Invasive physical therapy methods included deep brain stimulation and stellate ganglion block.Invasive physical therapy had the advantages of precise stimulation,fewer adverse reactions.However,there were surgical risks,high operational difficulty,and high treatment costs.In addition,potential physical therapy methods included transcranial alternating current stimulation,magnetic seizure therapy,and vagus nerve stimulation,which were currently in the theoretical research stage.This study discussed the mechanism of action,therapeutic parameters,clinical efficacy,adverse effects and the latest forms of technology of the above physical therapy methods,so as to provide reference for the treatment of PTSD.

Objective:This study compared the prevalence,awareness,treatment and control of hypertension and associated factors in China and the United States(US).Methods:Adult data from nationally representative samples were derived from the Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance in 2010 and 2013 in China and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2010 and 2013 in the US.Multivariable logistic and Poisson regression analysis were conducted to assess associations of the four outcomes with body weight status and behavioral factors.Results:Age-standardized prevalence rates of hypertension was 35.7％(95％confidence interval[CI]:35.4％to 36.1％)in 2010 and 29.8％(95％CI:29.4％to 30.2％)in 2013 in China,and 35.3％(95％CI:33.6％to 37.1％)in 2010 and 37.9％(95％CI:36.0％to 39.7％)in 2013 in the US.Among hypertensive participants,the age-standardized rates of treatment were 18.4％(95％CI:17.9％to 18.9％)in 2010 and 23.8％(95％CI:23.1％to 24.6％)in 2013 in China and 54.5％(95％CI:50.3％to 58.7％)in 2010 and 50.9％(95％CI:46.5％to 55.3％)in 2013 in the US;the age-standardized hypertension control rates were 3.2％(95％CI:3.0％to 3.5％)and 5.7％(95％CI:5.3％to 6.0％)in 2010 and 2013 in China and 50.6％(95％CI:46.2％to 55.0％)and 55.3％(95％CI:50.3％to 60.3％)in the US.Obesity was significantly associated with prevalence,awareness and control rates in both countries.Different from the US,obesity was negatively associated with hypertension control in China.Conclusion:Hypertension prevalence in China is similar to that in the US,but the control rate in China was significantly lower.Obesity was a critical risk factor for poor hypertension control in China.

Objective:To explore the teaching experience of clinical teaching teachers in master of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine nursing, so as to provide a reference for improving the training quality of master of integrated Chinese and western medicine nursing.Methods:From March to May 2022, a total of 14 clinical teaching teachers of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine nursing in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of were enrolled using the objective sampling method and investigated by the semi-structured face-to-face interview. Content analysis was used to analyze the interview results.Results:Five themes were extracted, namely, the practice ability of nursing graduate students needs to be improved, the evaluation methods of clinical practice ability of graduate students need to be more diversified, teaching benefits teachers as well as students; difficulties of teaching (conflicts between teachers' clinical work and teaching, unclear orientation of postgraduate clinical practice learning) , hope to get support (improve scientific research ability, improve theoretical knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine, guarantee the clinical practice and study time of graduate students) .Conclusions:A variety of practice approaches should be provided for the training in master of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine nursing graduate students, to improve students' clinical practice ability and professional identity, strengthen clinical teacher training, improve teachers' ability, and continuously improve the clinical practice training model and the quality of talent training for nursing graduate students.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of surgical revision of nasofacial deformity secondary to maxillary frontal process fracture.Methods:The clinical data of patients with nasofacial deformities secondary to maxillary frontal process fractures who underwent surgery in the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery of Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2009 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The nasofacial deformity was surgically treated by open reduction with internal fixation, nasal septum correction, and reconstruction of orbital wall fracture. Three months after surgery, the surgical results were evaluated from the following three aspects. (1) Nasofacial morphology, which was evaluated by two doctors and the patient, and was classified into 3 levels: very satisfied, satisfied, and unsatisfied. (2) Objective assessment of nasal ventilation function, which was measured by nasal acoustic rhinometry and nasal resistance detection, including measurements of nasal minimum cross-sectional area (MCA), nasal volume 7 cm from the anterior nostril (NV), total nasal inspiratory resistance (TRi) and total nasal expiratory resistance (TRe). To eliminate the differences caused by swelling of the nasal mucosa, the patients were divided into 3 groups of <7 d, 7-14 d, and >14 d according to the time from trauma to preoperative examination for pre- and post-operative comparisons, respectively. (3) Subjective assessment of nasal ventilation function was performed using the nasal obstructive symptom evaluation (NOSE) scale, with a total score of 0 to 20, with a higher score indicating more severe nasal obstruction symptoms. The SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD. A paired t-test was used to compare the preoperative and 3-month postoperative data, with P<0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference. Results:A total of 83 patients were included, 53 males and 30 females, aged 7 to 78 years, with a median of 35 years. All patients underwent successful surgery, and all soft tissue incisions healed well after surgery with improved nasofacial morphology. Three months after surgery, the physicians were very satisfied and satisfied with the nasofacial morphology in 49 (59%) and 34 (41%) patients, respectively, and patients were very satisfied, satisfied, and unsatisfied in 51 (61%), 29 (35%), and 3(4%) cases, respectively. Before surgery, the <7 d group (14 cases), 7-14 d group (28 cases), and >14 d group (41 cases) had MCA values of (0.43±0.10) cm 2, (0.51±0.15) cm 2, and (0.50±0.14) cm 2; NV values of (9.76±2.20) cm 3, (12.40±4.15) cm 3, and (12.40±3.87) cm 3; TRi values of (1.93±0.28) kPa·L -1·s -1, (1.96±0.24) kPa·L -1·s -1, and (1.96±0.23) kPa·L -1·s -1; TRe values of (2.02±0.35) kPa·L -1·s -1, (2.08±0.38) kPa·L -1·s -1, and (2.08±0.34) kPa·L -1·s -1, respectively. Three months after surgery, in the three groups, the MCA values were (0.48±0.08) cm 2, (0.56±0.15) cm 2, and (0.56±0.14) cm 2; the NV values were (11.56±2.49) cm 3, (14.40±4.50) cm 3, and (14.41±4.24) cm 3; the TRi values were (1.74±0.19) kPa·L -1·s -1, (1.78±0.15) kPa·L -1·s -1, (1.78±0.14) kPa·L -1·s -1; the TRe values were (1.73±0.24) kPa·L -1·s -1, (1.79±0.24) kPa·L -1·s -1, and (1.79±0.22) kPa·L -1·s -1, respectively. In all three groups, the MCA and NV values at 3 months postoperatively were greater than the preoperative values of MCA and NV (all P < 0.01), and the TRe and TRi values at 3 months postoperatively were less than those preoperative values (all P < 0.01). At 3 months postoperatively, the NOSE scale score was (4.1±1.2)points, which was significantly lower than the preoperative score of NOSE scale score[(10.5±1.8)points] ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The combination of objective and subjective assessment method can help the surgeon to accurately determine the nasofacial morphological and functional defects caused by the fracture of the maxillary frontal process area before surgery and to formulate a perfect surgical plan. The patients’ nasofacial appearance and nasal ventilation functions were significantly improved after the fracture revision surgery.

【Objective】 To understand the distribution and gene frequency of main red blood cell blood groups in Lahu ethnic minority and analyze the genetic characteristics of Lahu people. 【Methods】 1) ABO forward and reverse typing had been performed by microplate method; 2) Rh, MN, H, P1Pk and Mur antigen were tested by the tube method. If the ABO forward and reverse typing were incompatible, the tube method was used for confirmation. 【Results】 The distribution characteristics of blood group and gene frequency in Lahu ethnic minority were as follows: B>O>A>AB for ABO, with genotype frequency as p 11.1%, q 27.5% and r 61.4%; the frequency of Rh genotype was CDe 83.3%, cDE 12.0%, cDe 2.42%, CDE 2.32%, CdE 0%, Cde 0%, cdE 0% and cde 0%; M > MN>N for MN blood group, with genotype frequency as M 75.26% and N 24.74%; P1

Purpose: Hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a lung disease in preterm infants. We aimed to explore the role of cell division cycle 2 (CDC2) on histopathologic changes of lung tissues, as well as the viability, apoptosis, and inflammation of lung cells in rats with hyperoxia-induced BPD. Materials and Methods: Hyperoxia-induced BPD in neonatal rats and hyperoxia-induced A549 cells were constructed. The mRNA expression of CDC2 was detected by qRT-PCR. The fibrosis score of lung tissues was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The viability and apoptosis of A549 cells were detected by cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry. The protein expressions of bcl-2, bax, and caspase-3 were measured by western blot. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β in A549 cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The pcDNA3.1-CDC2 was injected into rats to determine the role of CDC2 in hyperoxia-induced BPD in vivo. Results: The expression of CDC2 was decreased in lung tissues of neonatal rats with hyperoxia-induced BPD and hyperoxia-induced A549 cells. The fibrosis score was increased in the lung tissues of neonatal rats with hyperoxia-induced BPD. Overexpression of CDC2 increased the viability and protein expression of bcl-2; and inhibited the apoptosis, inflammation, and protein expression of bax and caspase-3 in hyperoxia-induced A549 cells. Up-regulation of CDC2 alleviated the histopathologic changes in lung tissues of neonatal rats with hyperoxia-induced BPD. Conclusion Overexpression of CDC2 promoted the viability and inhibited the apoptosis and inflammation of hyperoxia-induced cells, and alleviated the histopathologic changes of lung tissues in neonatal rats with hyperoxia-induced BPD.