tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs that are involved in the occurrence and progression of diverse diseases. However, their exact presence and function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Here, differentially expressed tsRNAs in HCC were profiled. A novel tsRNA, tRNA^Gln-TTG derived 5'-tiRNA-Gln, is significantly downregulated, and its expression level is correlated with progression in patients. In HCC cells, 5'-tiRNA-Gln overexpression impaired the proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo, while 5'-tiRNA-Gln knockdown yielded opposite results. 5'-tiRNA-Gln exerted its function by binding eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I (EIF4A1), which unwinds complex RNA secondary structures during translation initiation, causing the partial inhibition of translation. The suppressed downregulated proteins include ARAF, MEK1/2 and STAT3, causing the impaired signaling pathway related to HCC progression. Furthermore, based on the construction of a mutant 5'-tiRNA-Gln, the sequence of forming intramolecular G-quadruplex structure is crucial for 5'-tiRNA-Gln to strongly bind EIF4A1 and repress translation. Clinically, 5'-tiRNA-Gln expression level is negatively correlated with ARAF, MEK1/2, and STAT3 in HCC tissues. Collectively, these findings reveal that 5'-tiRJNA-Gln interacts with EIF4A1 to reduce related mRNA binding through the intramolecular G-quadruplex structure, and this process partially inhibits translation and HCC progression.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology* ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology* ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4A/genetics* ; Cell Line ; RNA, Transfer/metabolism* ; RNA ; Cell Proliferation

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of long-stem hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients with severe osteoporosis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 48 elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur with severe osteoporosis in Liaocheng People′s Hospital from April 2017 to April 2019.Twenty three patients received long-stem hemiarthroplasty (LHA group). Twenty five patients were treated with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) (PFNA group). PFNA group was used as the control group.The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, perioperative blood transfusion volume, number of intraoperative fluoroscopy, weight-bearing time after operation, the incidence of postoperative complications, hospitalization time, and Harris hip score of 1, 3, 6, 12 months after surgery, to investigate the efficacy of the application of long-stem hemiarthroplasty.Results:In LHA group, 23 patients were followed up for (18.6±3.9) (range from 12.0 to 26.0) months, and 25 patients in the PFNA group were followed up for (17.8±3.3)(range from 12.0 to 24.0) months.There was no significant difference in follow-up time between the two groups ( Z=-0.552, P=0.581). The operation time of LHA Group (60 (55, 73) h) was longer than that of PFNA Group (55 (50, 60) h). The intraoperative blood loss in LHA Group ((179.35±63.47) mL) was more than that in PFNA Group ((122.80±49.03) mL). The number of fluoroscopy in LHA Group (2 (2, 2) times)was less than that in PFNA Group (16 (14.5, 19.5) times). The time of weight bearing in LHA Group (4 (3, 5) d) was earlier than that in PFNA Group (33 (30, 36) d), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=2.459, t=3.470, Z=6.216, Z=5.959; all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in perioperative blood transfusion, hospital stay and postoperative complications between the two groups (all P>0.05). Harris hip function score was significantly higher in LHA Group ((76.70±5.96), (82.13±6.38), (85.96±7.16), (88.78±7.67) points) and PFNA Group ((63.80±3.46), (71.56±2.55), (81.60±3.38), (88.08±4.83) points) increased gradually with the increase of follow-up time ( Fintra-group=432.557, Pintra-group<0.001), and the score reached the highest 12 months after operation.Harris hip function score of LHA group was higher than that of PFNA group( Finter-group=25.437, Pinter-group<0.001). There was interaction effect between follow-up time point and operation mode( Finteraction=53.464, Pinteraction<0.001). Conclusion:For the elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fracture with severe osteoporosis, the application of lengthened stem hemiarthroplasty can get out of bed early, reduce the complications of bed rest, reduce the number of intraoperative fluoroscopy, and recover the function of hip joint earlier and better with satisfactory results.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of applying enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in patients undergoing laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. Methods: Data of 36 patients undergoing laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy from May 2016 to May 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine were reviewed. The patients were divided into ERAS group (n=12) and control group (n=24). The patients in ERAS group received a series of enhanced recovery procedures, including multimodal analgesia, early off-bed activity and early oral food-taking, etc. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, time to first flatus, postoperative complications, and length of postoperative hospital stay were evaluated. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in operation time and intraoperative blood loss between ERAS group and control group (all P0.05). The time to first flatus and length of postoperative hospital stay were significantly shortened in ERAS group (all P<0.05). The ERAS group had lower incidence of postoperative complications (41.7% vs. 66.7%), and the complications in ERAS group tended to be milder, but the differences failed to show statistical significance (all P0.05). Conclusion: The ERAS protocol for laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy can significantly promote gastrointestinal function recovery and shorten postoperative hospital stay, and may reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.
Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; standards ; Length of Stay ; Pancreatectomy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) and retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP).Methods From May 2004 to September 2013,data from 124 prostate cancer patients were collected.Of them,41 cases underwent RALRP,and 83 cases underwent RRP.The following clinical data was reviewed and analyzed,including operation time,blood loss,transfusion rate,duration of catheterization,time of postoperative hospital stay,postoperative pathology,continence and biochemical recurrence.Results All the operations were successfully performed,without RALRP converted to open surgery.The mean operation time of the RALRP group and the RRP group was 224 min and 165 min,mean blood loss was 266 ml and 659 ml,the transfusion rates were 20％ and 86％,the mean postoperative hospital stay was 16.4 d and 17.9 d,the positive margin rates were 24％ and 10％,the differences were significant (P ＜ 0.05).The mean catheterization time was 27.2 d and 23.5 d (P ＞ 0.05).The 6-month,1-year and 2-year biochemical recurrence rates were 8％,21％ and 24％ in RALRP group,and 13％,16％,31％ in RRP group.The 3-month,6-month,1-year and 2-year continence rates were 56％,70％,80％ and 94％ in RALRP group,and 55％,70％,78％ and 79％ in RRP group.For biochemical recurrence and continence rates,there was no significant difference between the 2 groups.Conclusions RALRP possesses advantages of less bleeding and faster recovery.In addition,the effect of postoperative oncology and continence is similar to open surgery.

Objective To explore the prevalence of ETS gene fusion in prostate cancer and its correlation with patient's clinicopathologic index.Methods Ninety-one samples from prostate needle biopsy cases with median age 75 (55-90) years and 18 samples from radical prostatectomy cases with median age 72 (63-81) years were collected from Oct.2010 to Feb.2012.TMPRSS2-ERG,TMPRSS2-ETV1 and TMPRSS2-ETV4 fusions were tested by multi-probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay.Fusion positive and negative cases were compared with age,TNM stage,Gleason score (median Gleason score 7 (6-9)),and PSA value (median PSA 33.4 μg/L,mcan PSA 118.8 μg/L).In needle biopsy cases,there were early stage 32 (34％),locally advanced prostate cancer 36 (40％),metastasis 23 (26％) ; in radical prostatectomy cases,there were 9 cases in T2 stage,8 cases in T3 stage,1 cases in T4a stage,respectively.Results TMPRSS2-ERG fusions were present in 14.3％ (13/91,95％ confidence interval,0.071-0.215)biopsy specimens and in 11.1％ (2/18,95％ confidence interval,0-0.256) radical prostatectomy specimens.No TMPRSS2-ETV1 or TMPRSS2-ETV4 fusions were found in any cases.Altogether,13 (86.7％)cases possessed deletion pattern.And 7 (46.6％) hold insertion pattern.5 cases had both deletion and insertion pattern.38.5％ (5/13) deletion pattern had distant metastasis.Except one metastatic case harbored both deletion and insertion pattern,there was no insertion pattern accompanied with metastasis.There were no differences between fusion positive and negative cases in the distribution of age (P =1.000),PSA (P =1.138),primary Gleason score (P=2.186),Gleason score (P=2.107),TNM stage (P=2.052) and Risk Degree (P=2.597).Conclusions The TMPRSS2-ERG fusion positive cases harbor more deletion pattern than insertion pattern.There are no differences between fusion positive and negative cases in the distribution of age,PSA,Gleason score,TNM stage and Risk Degree.

Objective To investigate the role of a transcription factor p 53 in dengue virus infec-tion.Methods A plasmid expressing siRNA specific for p 53 gene was constructed and then used to prepare HepG2 cell line with a suppressed expression of p 53 protein.The expression of p53 protein was detected by Western blot assay .A wild type control group and a siRNA group were set up by infecting wildtype HepG 2 cells and p53 low expressing HepG2 cells with type 2 dengue viruses,respectively.The virus titers in two dif-ferent cells were determined by plaque forming assay using Vero cells .Indirect immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect virus multiplication .The apoptosis of virus infected cells were analyzed by flow cytome-try.ELISA was performed to analyze the levels of IFN-βsecreted by infected cells from two groups .Results Compared with wildtype control group ,the cells in siRNA group showed a suppressed expression of p 53 pro-tein,suggesting that the HepG2 cell line with low p53 protein expression was successfully established .The vi-rus titer in supernatants of the cells from siRNA group was about 100-fold higher than that of wildtype control group at 24 hours after viral infection .Fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis showed that the numbers of green fluorescence labeled cells were remarkably increased in siRNA group .We speculated that p53 protein might play a role in the inhibition of dengue virus infection as indicated by the observed results .The numbers of apoptotic cells showed no significant difference between two groups .However,the level of IFN-βsecreted by wildtype HepG2 cells was six times higher than that of the cells in siRNA group .Conclusion p53 pro-tein might inhibit dengue virus infection through the activation of type Ⅰ interferon signaling pathway rather than enhance cell apoptosis .

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of solifenacin for female overactive bladder (OAB) who failed in toherodine treatment. MethodsFrom Jan 2010 to Oct 2010,48 cases of female OAB were treated with 5 mg/d solifenacin for 4 weeks after the failure of tolterodine treatment.The improvement of the perception of bladder condition as well as the mean numbers of day-time micturition,urgency episodes,urge incontinence episode per day,nocturia and pads usage were used as objective indexes for the evaluation of therapeutic effect. ResultsAfter 4-week solifenacin treatment,the mean numbers of day-time micturition,urgency episodes,urge incontinence episode per day,nocturia and pads usage were respectively decreased from the baselines ( 8.7 ± 1.5),(3.4 ± 2.1 ),( 2.4 ± 1.8 ),(2.1 ± 1.8 ) and (2.2 ±1.6) to be (7.2 ±2.5),(2.0 ±1.8),(1.5 ±1.2),(1.2 ±0.8) and (1.4 ±0.8).The perception of bladder condition was improved in 42 cases.The withdrawal from the treatment was seen in 3 cases due to headache and dry mouth.No severe adverse event was found in the rest 45 patients. Conclusion Solifenacin might be an effective and safe alternative agent in the treatment of female OAB who failed in tolterodine treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combined with drug therapy on patients with delayed encephalopathy caused by carbon monoxide poisoning ( COP). Methods Twenty to forty sessions of HBO therapy were used to treat 34 COP patients. Assessment relied on 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer (~(99m)Tc-ECD) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of cerebral perfusion before and after treatment. Results After HBO therapy, cerebral perfusion in the COP patients improved significantly. There was a significant difference of the SPECT images before and after treatment. Conclusions SPECT imaging of cerebral perfusion can play an important role in the diagnosis of delayed encephalopathy caused by carbon monoxide poisoning, and it can be used for the therapeutic surveillance of HBO treatment.

Objective To investigate the value of magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer(PCa). Methods Fifty-seven patients with suspected prostate cancer underwent DWI and T_2-weighted imaging (T_2W). These images and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps results were compared with histopathologic findings. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis was used to compare the cancer detection performance of them. The results were rated on a scale of scores Ⅰ (benign) to Ⅴ (malignant) on the basis of ADC maps. Abnormal voxels were overlaid on the corresponding transverse TRUS images and used to perform voxel-guided biopsy. Results DWI had a sensitivity of 85%, specificity of 82%, positive predictive value of 80%, negative predictive value of 86% , and accuracy of 83%. T2WI had a sensitivity of 77%, specificity of 71%, positive predictive value of 69%, negative predictive value of 79%, and accuracy of 74%. The areas under the ROC curves for DWI and T_2WI were 0. 830 and 0. 742, respectively. The performance of DWI in PCa detection was significantly better than of T_2WI (P<0. 05). 6 of 30 patients with negative DWI results also had negative biopsy findings. PCa was detected in 17(85%) of 24 men findings with voxel score Ⅳ , with a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 46%, positive predictive value of 71 %, negative predictive value of 100% , and accuracy of 77%. Conclusions The performance of DWI in PCa detection was better than of T_2 WI. ADC maps can be transferred to TRUS images and used to sample regions of cancer in men with rising PSA levels and negative findings at prior biopsy with good accuracy. DWI appears to be a robust and reliable method to examine the whole prostate within an acceptable scan time in clinical settings.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of oral etopside (VP16) and oral cyclophosphamide (CPM) combination in the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). Methods Between June 2000 and July 2003,9 patients with HRPC were treated with oral etopside (50 mg/d) and oral cyclophosphamide (100 mg/d) for 21 days with every 28 days as a cycle.Inclusion criteria were previous complete androgen blockade,anti-androgen (flutamide) withdrawal evaluation,and clinical or biochemical disease progression.The therapy was continued until there was evidence of disease progression or the patients could not tolerate the adverse effects of the medications. Results All the 9 patients had a mean follow-up of 7.5 months.PSA levels decreased by at least 50%,from pre-treatment of (90.5?43.6)ng/ml to post-treatment of (24.8?22.2)ng/ml,in 4 patients. The mean duration of response was 6.8 months (range,2-15 months).An objective response was obtained in 2 patients (1 of CR and 1 of PR).Toxic and adverse effects were minimal. Conclusions The combination of oral VP16 and CPM may be an efficacious and well-tolerated regimen in patients with HRPC.