[Objective] To compare the clinical efficacy of super pulse thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (SPThuLEP) with "open tunnel" and transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), in order to provide reference for the treatment options of BPH. [Methods] The clinical data of 112 BPH patients treated in our hospital during Jan.2023 and Jul.2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 65 treated with SPThuLEP with "open tunnel" and 57 with HoLEP.The operation time, postoperative hemoglobin decrease, postoperative bladder irrigation, catheter indwelling time, hospitalization time and complications were compared between the two groups.The changes of maximum urine flow rate (Qmax), international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life score (QoL), postvoid residual (PVR) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were compared between the two groups before operation and one month after operation. [Results] All operations were successful without conversion to open or transurethral plasmakinetic resection.The postoperative decrease of hemoglobin in SPThuLEP group was lower than that in HoLEP group [(13.12±6.72) g/L vs. (21.02±6.51) g/L], with statistical difference (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the operation time [(63.35±15.73) min vs.(61.02±17.55) min], postoperative bladder irrigation time [(1.07±0.45) d vs. (1.06±0.36) d], catheter indwelling time [(2.98±0.56) d vs. (3.01±0.63) d] and hospitalization time [(3.63±0.61) d vs.(3.79±0.76) d] between the two groups (P>0.05). No blood transfusion, secondary bleeding or unplanned hospitalization occurred, and there were no serious complications such as transurethral electroresection syndrome (TURS), urethral stricture and urinary incontinence.One month after operation, the Qmax, IPSS, QoL, PVR and PSA of the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before operation (P<0.05), but with no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). [Conclusion] SPThuLEP with "open tunnel" has comparable efficacy as HoLEP in the treatment of BPH.With advantages of small amount of bleeding and high safety, this minimally invasive technique can be widely popularized in clinical practice.

Objective: To examine the impact of laser-assisted hatching (LAH) technique on perinatal outcomes in blastocyst culture of low-grade cleavage embryos, so as to provide insights into improving the utilization of low-grade cleavage embryos and embryo quality. Methods: A total of 369 single live births after transfer of thawed blastocysts following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection at Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital were selected as subjects, and they were divided into 51 conventional culture blastocysts and 318 LAH blastocysts based on whether LAH was performed on day 4 of blastocyst culture. Gestational age, birth weight, birth defects and maternal perinatal information were collected, and the prevalence of premature birth, birth weight and birth defects were analyzed after propensity score matching (PSM). Results: After PSM, 98 matched cases were included in the study. There were no statistically significant differences in maternal age, body mass index, type of infertility and blastocyst age (P>0.05), indicating effective matching. The birth weight of offspring in the LAH group was lower than that in the conventional culture group [(3 261.08±432.24) g vs. (3 464.18±444.46) g; P<0.05]. Conclusion The birth weight of offspring can be reduced by using LAH during blastocyst culture of low-grade cleavage embryos.

Objective To investigate the correlation between pericarotid fat density(PFD)and carotid plaque CT vulnerability characteristics.Methods The clinical and imaging data of 78 patients were analyzed retrospectively.PFD and subcutaneous neck fat density(SNFD),as well as plaque density,degree of lumen stenosis,and maximum plaque thickness were measured on picture archiving and communication system(PACS),and PFD/SNFD ratio was calculated.The plaques were divided into 4 subgroups according to their composition,namely fatty plaque group,fibrous plaque group,calcified plaque group and mixed plaque group.The groups were divided into no/mild-to-moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis/complete occlusion group according to the degree of stenosis,and the differences between groups were compared for clinical indices,PFD,SNFD and PFD/SNFD ratio,respectively.Results The PFD/SNFD ratio[0.54(0.32,0.72)]in the fatty plaque group was lower than that in the calcified plaque group[0.74(0.56,0.96)],with a statistically significant difference(P=0.005).The PFD/SNFD ratio in the severe stenosis/complete occlusion group(0.51±0.29)was lower than that in the no/mild-to-moderate stenosis group(0.67±0.27)(P=0.001),and the PFD in the severe stenosis/complete occlusion group[-39.75(-61.13,-24.00)]was higher than that in the no/mild-to-moderate stenosis group[-61.75(-72.00,-45.38)](P＜0.001).Conclusion PFD,PFD/SNFD ratio are correlated with carotid plaque vulnerability.

The paper reported a patient under maintained hemodialysis for 11 years, with a large mass appeared in the right thigh after local injury. The mass was clinically considered as tumoral calcinosis combined with clinical, imaging and pathological findings. Several treatments such as enhancing dialysis adequacy, low calcium dialysate, calcimimetic agent, non-calcium- phosphorus binding agents, parathyroidectomy and intravenous infusion of sodium thiosulfate could not vanish the mass. Finally, the lump was surgically removed. The treatment of tumoral calcinosis in the hemodialysis patient can provide a instruction for similar situations in clinical practice.

The biological samples of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases are extremely precious. Collecting and preserving these biological samples are helpful to elucidate the mechanisms and improve the level of diagnose and treatment of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases. The standardized construction of biobanks for oral genetic diseases and rare diseases is important for achieving these goals. At present, there is very little information on the construction of these biobanks, and the standards or suggestions for the classification and coding of biological samples from oral and maxillofacial sources, and this is not conducive to the standardization and information construction of biobanks for special oral diseases. This consensus summarizes the background, necessity, principles, and key points of constructing the biobank for oral genetic diseases and rare diseases. On the base of the group standard "Classification and Coding for Human Biomaterial" (GB/T 39768-2021) issued by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Biological Samples, we suggest 76 new coding numbers for different of biological samples from oral and maxillofacial sources. We hope the consensus may promote the standardization, and smartization on the biobank construction as well as the overall research level of oral genetic diseases and rare diseases in China.

Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (EMT) has become the main treatment of acute ischemic stroke, but the pathological study of thrombi retrieved with EMT is still very limited. This article reviews the routine staining, special components, expression of immune factors, electron microscopic morphology, imaging features of the pathological components of thrombi retrieved with EMT, and their correlation with the etiological differentiation and outcomes of stroke.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI), and to analyzed the risk factors for severe infection.Methods:The epidemiological and clinical data of hospitalized children with ALRTI and positive RSV test from Children′s Hospital of Fudan University from January 2013 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The hospitalized children from October 2016 to November 2017 were selected by random singular sequence and divided into severe infection group and non-severe infection group. The clinical data of the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of severe RSV-associated ALRTI.Results:A total of 34 192 hospitalized children were diagnosed with ALRTI, and 8 113(23.73%) children were positive for respiratory tract viruses, including 4 028(11.78%) children with RSV infection, which was higher than other common respiratory tract viruses. Among the 4 028 RSV-positive children, 2 550(63.31%) were under six months of age, 3 623(89.95%) were under two years of age. The detection rates of RSV in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 6.47%(553/8 551), 2.46%(176/7 161), 12.85%(1 042/8 111) and 21.77%(2 257/10 369), respectively. In 347 hospitalized children with RSV-associated ALRTI, 54 cases were severe cases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that RSV-positive patients complicated with respiratory diseases ( Z=3.43), cardiovascular diseases ( Z=4.96), non-exclusive breast-feeding ( Z=-1.97) and premature birth ( Z=-1.98) were independent risk factors for severe RSV-associated ALRTI (all P<0.050). Conclusions:RSV is the most important and common viral pathogen in hospitalized children with ALRTI in Shanghai, and infants under six months of age are the most susceptible to RSV. RSV patients complicated with respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, non-exclusive breast-feeding and premature birth are more likely to develope severe RSV-associated ALRTI.

Objective:To explore the effects of LERANS-based health education in nursing of patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) .Methods:Totally 150 DR patients hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2018 to June 2020 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group according to the random number table, with 75 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine health education, while patients in the observation group underwent LERANS-based health education. The Evaluation of Self-care Ability (ESCA) , Diabetes-Specific Quality of Life (DSQL) and the DR Patient Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire were used to evaluate the self-care ability, quality of life, and psychological capital of the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of ESCA, DSQL, and DR Patient Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire between the two groups ( P>0.05) . After intervention, 4 dimensions scores of ESCA and the scores and DR Patient Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the total score of DSQL was lower than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:LERANS-based health education can effectively improve the psychological capital of DR patients and enhance their self-care ability and quality of life, which is worth promoting in clinical practice.

Objective:To compare drug-coated balloon (DCB) and standard angioplasty balloon (SAB) in the treatment of postoperative in-stent restenosis (ISR) in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) of the lower extremity.Methods:From Jan 2017 to Dec 2018, 43 ISR patients after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for ASO of the lower extremity at our hospital were enrolled.Patients were divided into 2 groups with 18 patients treated by DCB and 25 by SAB. The patients were followed up for 6~12 months.Results:There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between DCB group and SAB group ( P>0.05).Compared with that in SAB group, the plasma level of ET-1 in DCB group was lower while NO was higher at 6, 24 h and 2 weeks after surgery ( P<0.05), there was no significant difference in P-selectin ( P>0.05). The ABI values in both groups increased, and that in DCB group were higher than SAB group at 6 and 12 months after surgery ( P<0.05). The lumen loss in DCB group at 6 and 12 months after surgery was significantly lower ( P<0.05). At 6 and 12 months, the primary patency of target lesions in the DCB group was 100.00% and 88.89%, which was higher than the 72.00% and 52.00% in the SAB group ( P<0.05); the CD-TLR rate in the DCB group was 11.11%, which was lower than 48.00% in the SAB group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:DCB comes with lower postoperative ISR in ASO patients of the lower extremity.

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of a multi-dimensional peripheral quick contrast sensitivity function (pqCSF) measurement established based on Bayesian probability estimation algorithm.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Nineteen eyes of 12 healthy emmetropic subjects in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University from September 2017 to March 2018 were included, with an average age of (22.92±2.91) years.The average spherical power and cylindrical power were (-0.34±0.52)D and (-0.30±0.42)D, respectively, and the average uncorrected vision acuity was≥1.0.Based on the Bayesian probability algorithm, the peak contrast sensitivity γ max, the peak spatial frequency ? max, the bandwidth β and the low contrast intercept δ were used to quickly describe the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) curve of the full spatial frequency through multi-dimensional pqCSF method.The 16 peripheral visual field positions of all subjects were tested at 6°, 12°, 18° and 24° eccentricity of the superior, inferior, the temporal and nasal visual field by the pqCSF method, but the 18° eccentricity of temporal field, which was near the physiological blind spot, was excluded.The area under Log CSF (AULCSF) of different peripheral visual fields and the Log CSF of 19 spatial frequencies (distributed at equal intervals in logarithmic units) were compared.This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki, and the study protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University (No.2018KYPJ017). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to any examination. Results:With the increase of eccentricity in different visual fields, the AULCSF decreased gradually, and there were significant differences in AULCSF between different eccentricities (all at P<0.05). The AULCSF of the nasal and temporal visual field at 6°, 12° and 24° eccentricity was significantly larger than that of the superior and inferior visual field (all at P<0.05). As the distance from the fovea was increased, the pqCSF, the AULCSF, and the high-frequency cutoff were all decreased, and the standard deviation of AULCSF was increased gradually. Conclusions:The pqCSF method can depict a relatively complete peripheral CSF curve of a wide peripheral visual field, and reflect the function quality of the peripheral vision comprehensively and accurately.