Objective:To explore the effect of standardized nursing operation process in patients underwent seated saline infusion test.Methods:From January 2020 to December 2021, a total of 163 patients underwent seated saline infusion test in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were selected as research objects by convenience sampling method, 50 patients admitted from January 2020 to December 2020 were set as the control group (using routine nursing process), 113 patients admitted from January to December 2021 were set as the observation group (using improved standardized nursing operation process). The fluctuation of systolic blood pressure, heart rate and blood potassium during the experiment, the blood potassium concentration, the occurrence of adverse reactions and satisfaction after experiment were compared between the two groups.Results:During the experiment, the incidence rate of decreased blood potassium, increased systolic blood pressure and increased heart rate of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). After experiment, the serum potassium concentration of the observation group was higher than that before experiment and that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). After experiment, the number of adverse reactions of the observation group was less than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). After experiment, the satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Standardized nursing operation process can reduce the incidence of can reduce the incidence of elevated blood pressure, elevated heart rate and decreased blood potassium in patients underwent seated saline infusion test, reduce the adverse reactions of patients, and ensure the safety of patients during the test.

Objective To assess the expression pattern of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) in human keratinocytes and to characterize its biological functions in the regulation of skin barrier.Methods Primary human keratinocytes and human N/TERT keratinocytes were used as the subject of this study.The expression and distribution of PAR2 in the keratinocytes were analyzed by using immunoflorescence staining and Western blot.Two different PAR2 agonists,trypsin and a PAR2-activating peptide (AP),as well as a PAR2-antagonistic peptide (H2N-FSLLRY-COOH) and a control peptide were used to induce the activation of PAR2 in the keratinocytes.Then,a fluorescence-based calcium mobilization assay was performed to evaluate the biological function of PAR2.Data were statistically analyzed by one-factor analysis of variance.Results Under normal culture conditions,PAR2 was weakly expressed in keratinocytes,and the expression was unaffected by culture medium composition or culture duration.Calcium mobilization was induced by trypsin of 50-250 nmol/L and the PAR2-activating peptide in a dose-and time-dependent pattern.The maximal activation of PAR2 was observed in keratinocytes treated with the PAR2 agonist HAN-SLIGKV-COOH of 75-250 μmol/L.The PAR2-antagonistic peptide (H2N-FSLLRY-COOH) obviously suppressed the increase in calcium mobilization induced by trypsin,while the control peptide PAR-RAP showed no inductive effect on the PAR2 activation based on the absence of calcium mobilization.The substrate-induced calcium release was complete within 250 seconds,and peaked at 50 seconds after the initial trypsin or PAR-AP stimulation.Moreover,the activation of PAR2 was accompanied by an increase in ERK phosphorylation and elicitation of MAPK signaling pathway in keratinocytes.Conclusions Human keratinocytes positively express PAR2,which can be activated by trypsin and PAR2-activating peptides,and the activation of PAR2 may influence the physiological function of keratinocytes by inducing intracellular calcium release.