ObjectiveTo investigate the inhibitory effect of Biejia Decoction Pill on the proliferation， migration， and aerobic glycolysis of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） using cell experiments， as well as related mechanisms. MethodsHuman liver cancer cell line Huh7 was selected， and Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank serum group， inhibitor group， and high-， middle-， and low-dose Biejia Decoction Pill groups. Rat serum containing the drug was prepared for the incubation of Huh7 cells. CCK8 assay and scratch assay were used to explore the effect of Biejia Decoction Pill on the proliferation and migration of HCC cells； glycolytic rate-limiting enzymes and metabolites were measured to explore the effect of Biejia Decoction Pill on aerobic glycolysis of liver cancer cells； RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to explore the effect of Biejia Decoction Pill on the mRNA expression， related proteins， and phosphorylation of the protein kinase B （AKT）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） signaling pathway. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t-test or the Dunnett’s T3 test were used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsCompared with the blank serum group， the Biejia Decoction Pill groups had significant reductions in OD value， migration rate during different periods of time， glycolytic rate-limiting enzymes （hexokinase， phosphofructokinase， pyruvate kinase）， and glycolytic metabolites （pyruvate， lactic acid， ATP） （all P<0.05）. RT-qPCR results showed that compared with the blank serum group， the high-， middle-， and low-dose Biejia Decoction Pill groups had a significant reduction in the mRNA expression level of mTOR， and the high- and low-dose Biejia Decoction Pill groups had a significant reduction in the mRNA expression level of AKT （all P<0.05）. Western blot results showed that compared with the blank serum group， the high-， middle-， and low-dose Biejia Decoction Pill groups had significant reductions in the expression levels of mTOR-related proteins and phosphorylated proteins， and the high- and middle-dose Biejia Decoction Pill groups had significant reductions in the expression levels of AKT-related proteins and phosphorylated proteins （all P<0.05）. ConclusionThis study preliminarily verifies that the serum containing Bijia Decoction Pill can inhibit the aerobic glycolysis of human hepatoma Huh7 cells， thereby inhibiting their proliferation and migration， possibly by inhibiting the expression of the proteins related to the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

With the widespread adoption of low-dose CT screening and the extensive application of high-resolution CT, the detection rate of sub-centimeter lung nodules has significantly increased. How to scientifically manage these nodules while avoiding overtreatment and diagnostic delays has become an important clinical issue. Among them, lung nodules with a consolidation tumor ratio less than 0.25, dominated by ground-glass shadows, are particularly worthy of attention. The therapeutic challenge for this group is how to achieve precise and complete resection of nodules during surgery while maximizing the preservation of the patient's lung function. The "watershed topography map" is a new technology based on big data and artificial intelligence algorithms. This method uses Dicom data from conventional dose CT scans, combined with microscopic (22-24 levels) capillary network anatomical watershed features, to generate high-precision simulated natural segmentation planes of lung sub-segments through specific textures and forms. This technology forms fluorescent watershed boundaries on the lung surface, which highly fit the actual lung anatomical structure. By analyzing the adjacent relationship between the nodule and the watershed boundary, real-time, visually accurate positioning of the nodule can be achieved. This innovative technology provides a new solution for the intraoperative positioning and resection of lung nodules. This consensus was led by four major domestic societies, jointly with expert teams in related fields, oriented to clinical practical needs, referring to domestic and foreign guidelines and consensus, and finally formed after multiple rounds of consultation, discussion, and voting. The main content covers the theoretical basis of the "watershed topography map" technology, indications, operation procedures, surgical planning details, and postoperative evaluation standards, aiming to provide scientific guidance and exploration directions for clinical peers who are currently or plan to carry out lung nodule resection using the fluorescent microscope watershed analysis method.

Objective To investigate the role of LncRNA-gm33782 in tubular injury in acute kidney injury(AKI)and the mechanism by which isorhamnetin ameliorates inflammatory cell apoptosis of tubular cells in AKI.Methods Forty-eight male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to four groups:control group,AKI model group,electroporation+AKI group,and treatment group(oral administration of 30 mg/kg isorhamnetin).AKI was induced by a one-time intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg cisplatin.Chromatin isolation by RNA purification was used to capture the LncRNA-gm33782 binding protein in AKI-affected kidneys for mass spectrometry,revealing the direct target protein of LncRNA-gm33782.The role of LncRNA-gm33782 in AKI was evaluated by observing the renal function,pathological structure,and expression of renal inflammatory factors(interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α)in mice after electrotransfection and isorhamnetin treatment.Nuclear factor-κB was detected as a critical mediator of inflammation.The expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 protein were detected and flow cytometry was performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of isorhamnetin on tubular cell apoptosis in AKI.Results Kidneys with cisplatin-induced AKI showed severe renal tubule injury,macrophage infiltration,and inflammation.Isorhamnetin treatment and LncRNA-gm33782 electrotransfection knockdown alleviated these signs of AKI.LncRNA-gm33782 was mainly expressed in renal tubular cells with AKI.LncRNA-gm33782 binding protein was detected by mass spectrometry,and complement factor H was found to have a direct binding relationship with LncRNA-gm33782.After LncRNA-gm33782 was overexpressed in vitro,the expression of complement factor-H immediately increased,and the therapeutic effect of isorhamnetin on apoptosis of AKI-affected inflammatory cells was inhibited.Conclusions Isorhamnetin alleviates apoptosis of tubular inflammatory cells in AKI by inhibiting the regulatory effect of LncRNA-gm33782 on complement factor H.

ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of rhubarb decoction （RD） retention enema on a rat model of minimal hepatic encephalopathy （MHE） and its mechanism of action based on bile acid （BA） metabolomics. MethodsA total of 55 male Sprague－Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank group （NC group with 10 rats）， hepatic encephalopathy group （HE group with 15 rats）， MHE group with 15 rats， and MHE+rhubarb decoction treatment group （MHEY group with 15 rats）. Intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride （CCl₄） and thioacetamide （TAA） was performed to establish a rat model of MHE or HE， and the rats were sacrificed after 2 weeks of administration. The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， total bilirubin （TBil）， and total bile acid （TBA） and the concentration of blood ammonia were measured； the colonic contents were collected to measure pH value； liver and brain tissue samples were collected， and HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the liver； the bile was collected， and liquid chromatography－mass spectrometry was used to perform BA－targeted metabolomics analysis. Continuous data were expressed as mean±standard deviation； a one－way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t－test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsCompared with the NC group， the HE group and the MHE group had a significant increase in searching platform latency （after modelling and after administration） and a significant reduction in the number of platform crossings （all P<0.05）； compared with the MHE group， the MHEY group had a significant reduction in searching platform latency （after administration） and a significant increase in the number of platform crossings， and the HE group had a significant increase in searching platform latency and a significant reduction in the number of platform crossings （all P<0.05）. Compared with the NC group， the HE group and the MHE group had significant increases in AST， ALT， ALP， TBil， TBA， blood ammonia， and colon pH value （all P<0.05）； compared with the MHE group， the MHEY group had significant reductions in AST， ALT， ALP， TBil， TBA， blood ammonia， and colon pH value （all P<0.05）， and the HE group had significant increases in AST， ALT， ALP， TBil， TBA， blood ammonia， and colon pH value （all P<0.05）. The MHE group had significantly lower TBA， primary BA， and secondary BA than the NC group （all P<0.05）； compared with the MHE group， the HE group had significantly lower TBA and primary BA （all P<0.05）， and the MHEY group had significantly higher TBA and primary BA （all P<0.05）. Compared with the NC group， the MHE group had significant reductions in GCDCA， GUDCA， GHDCA， TCDCA， TUDCA， GLCA， and TLCA （all P<0.05） and significant increases in γ－MCA， THCA， 7－KDCA， AlloLCA， and α－MCA （all P<0.05）， and compared with the MHE group， the MHEY group had significant increases in THDCA， TMCA， TCDCA， TUDCA， and TLCA （all P<0.05）. ConclusionRD retention enema can improve liver injury and cognitive function in a rat model of MHE induced by CCl₄ and TAA by regulating the enterohepatic circulation of BA， possibly by increasing the synthesis of taurine－binding BA.

BACKGROUND: Butylphthalide (NBP) and edaravone (EDV) injection are common acute ischemic stroke medications in China, but there is a lack of large real-world safety studies on them. This study aimed to determine the incidence of adverse events, detect relevant safety signals, and assess the risk factors associated with these medications in real-world populations. METHODS: In this study, data of acute ischemic stroke patients were extracted from the electronic medical record database of six tertiary hospitals between January 2019 and August 2021. Baseline confounders were eliminated using propensity score matching. The drugs' safety was estimated by comparing the results of 24 laboratory tests standards on liver function, kidney function, lipid level, and coagulation function. The drugs' relative risk was estimated by logistic regression. A third group with patients who did not receive NBP or EDV was constructed as a reference. Prescription sequence symmetry analysis was used to evaluate the associations between adverse events and NBP and EDV, respectively. RESULTS: 81,292 patients were included in this study. After propensity score matching, the NBP, EDV, and third groups with 727 patients in each group. Among the 15 test items, the incidence of adverse events was lower in the NBP group than in the EDV group, and the differences were statistically significant. The multivariate logistic regression equation revealed that NBP injection was not a promoting factor for abnormal laboratory test results, whereas EDV had statistically significant effects on aspartate transaminase, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol. Prescription sequence symmetry analysis showed that NBP had a weak correlation with abnormal platelet count. EDV had a positive signal associated with abnormal results in gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, prothrombin time, and platelet count. CONCLUSIONS In a large real-world population, NBP has a lower incidence of adverse events and a better safety profile than EDV or other usual medications.

Objective:To analyze the detection strategy and basic detection situation of markers of infectious diseases transmitted by transfusion in blood testing laboratories of blood stations in China.Methods:Based on the data of practice comparison working party of Blood Stations in Mainland of China from 2017 to 2021, the data on the testing strategies and the basic detection information of the markers for the transmission of infectious diseases through transfusion in the member laboratories of the practice comparison working party of Blood Stations in Mainland of China from 2017 to 2021 were collected, and the situation of the selection for testing markers, testing strategy and the testing method and other relevant aspects were sorted out and analyzed by charts.Results:The selection of the testing markers was consistent, but HTLV testing item was added in some member laboratories. The detection strategy of using two ELISA reagents and one nucleic acid testing (NAT) reagent simultaneously was adopted in 47 member blood stations; 3) NAT method was dominated by mini pool-NAT in member laboratories. The number of members adopting mini-pools of 8 (MP8)-NAT decreased from 17 in 2017 to 14 in 2021, while the number of members adopting mini-pools of 6 (MP6)-NAT increased from 13 in 2017 to 22 in 2021; Roche NAT system accounted for the largest proportion.Conclusions:In order to ensure blood safety and avoid missing detection, the blood stations still adopt the detection strategy of using two ELISA reagents and one nucleic acid testing (NAT) reagent simultaneously; Meanwhile, in order to increase the NAT positive rate, the proportion of mini pool-NAT mainly decreased year by year despite its dominating role, while the proportion of individual donation-NAT increased year by year; NAT method is transiting from mini-pools of 8 (MP8) to mini-pools of 6 (MP6); The proportion of imported NAT system used in NAT laboratory is relatively large.

Objective: To analyze the course of disease and epidemiological parameters of COVID-19 and provide evidence for making prevention and control strategies. Methods: To display the distribution of course of disease of the infectors who had close contacts with COVID-19 cases from January 1 to March 15, 2020 in Guangdong Provincial, the models of Lognormal, Weibull and gamma distribution were applied. A descriptive analysis was conducted on the basic characteristics and epidemiological parameters of course of disease. Results: In total, 515 of 11 580 close contacts were infected, with an attack rate about 4.4%, including 449 confirmed cases and 66 asymptomatic cases. Lognormal distribution was fitting best for latent period, incubation period, pre-symptomatic infection period of confirmed cases and infection period of asymptomatic cases; Gamma distribution was fitting best for infectious period and clinical symptom period of confirmed cases; Weibull distribution was fitting best for latent period of asymptomatic cases. The latent period, incubation period, pre-symptomatic infection period, infectious period and clinical symptoms period of confirmed cases were 4.50 (95%CI:3.86-5.13) days, 5.12 (95%CI:4.63-5.62) days, 0.87 (95%CI:0.67-1.07) days, 11.89 (95%CI:9.81-13.98) days and 22.00 (95%CI:21.24-22.77) days, respectively. The latent period and infectious period of asymptomatic cases were 8.88 (95%CI:6.89-10.86) days and 6.18 (95%CI:1.89-10.47) days, respectively. Conclusion: The estimated course of COVID-19 and related epidemiological parameters are similar to the existing data.
COVID-19 ; Cohort Studies ; Contact Tracing ; Humans ; Incidence ; Prospective Studies

Esophagus ; Humans ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ; Trachea

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) can lead to lower back pain and may be even accompanied by scoliosis, neurological dysfunction and other complications, which will affect the daily activities and life quality of patients. Vertebral augmentation is an effective treatment method for OVCF, but it cannot correct unbalance of bone metabolism or improve the osteoporotic status, causing complications like lower back pain, limited spinal activities and vertebral refracture. The post-operative systematic and standardized rehabilitation treatments can improve curative effect and therapeutic efficacy of anti-osteoporosis, reduce risk of vertebral refracture, increase patient compliance and improve quality of life. Since there still lack relevant clinical treatment guidelines for postoperative rehabilitation treatments following vertebral augmentation for OVCF, the current treatments are varied with uneven therapeutic effect. In order to standardize the postoperative rehabilitation treatment, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized relevant experts to refer to relevant literature and develop the "Guideline for postoperative rehabilitation treatment following vertebral augmentation for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (2022 version)" based on the clinical guidelines published by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) as well as on the principles of scientificity, practicality and advancement. The guideline provided evidence-based recommendations on 10 important issues related to postoperative rehabilitation treatments of OVCF.

Testicular endothelial cells have been found to play an important role in spermatogenesis and fertility, but their mechanism is obscure. Exosomes released by various cells are recognized as cell-cell communication mediators during the initiation and progression of many diseases. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the protein and miRNA components of human testicular endothelial cell-derived exosomes (HTEC-Exos) and to explore their potential effects on spermatogenesis. In this study, HTEC-Exos were first isolated by the ultracentrifugation method, and then identified by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and western blotting. The characteristics of HTEC-Exos were examined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and microRNA (miRNA) chip analysis. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to explore the potential role of the exosomal content on spermatogenesis. A total of 945 proteins were identified, 11 of which were closely related to spermatogenesis. A total of 2578 miRNAs were identified. Among them, 30 miRNAs demonstrated potential associations with male reproductive disorders, such as azoospermia, and spermatogenesis disorders. In particular, 11 out of these 30 miRNAs have been proven to be involved in spermatogenesis based on available evidence. This study provides a global view of the proteins and miRNAs from HTEC-Exos, suggesting that HTEC-Exos may function as potential effectors during the process of spermatogenesis.
Endothelial Cells ; Exosomes ; Humans ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; Proteomics ; Spermatogenesis