Objective: To explore the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution and depressive symptom among school aged children and adolescents, so as to provide evidences for informing constitution based regulation and prevention of depressive symptom. Methods: From June to December 2024, a total of 4 729 students aged 6-14 were recruited by cluster random sampling from 10 primary schools in Baoding (Hebei Province), Heze and Liaocheng (Shandong Province). General information, TCM constitution and depressive symptom were collected. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to analyze related factors and threshold effects of depressive symptom. Binary Logistic regression was applied to examine the association between depressive symptom and TCM constitution, with subgroup analyses conducted. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptom among the included children and adolescents was 25.82%. RCS analyses indicated non linear associations between depressive symptom and age (inflection point at 10 years old), bedtime (inflection point at 22:00), and wake up time (inflection point at 6:30 ) (all P non linearity <0.01). Linear associations were observed with body mass index (BMI) and sleep duration (all P non linearity > 0.05 ). After adjusting for covariates such as age, BMI and sleep status, binary Logistic regression analyses showed that Yin deficient constitution ( OR =1.26, 95% CI =1.09-1.45) and Phlegm-dampness constitution ( OR =1.42, 95% CI =1.11-1.82) were significantly associated with depressive symptom among children and adolescents (all P <0.05). Conclusions Depressive symptom among school aged children and adolescents is primarily associated with Yin deficiency and Phlegm dampness constitutions in TCM constitution. Active attention should be paid to susceptible TCM constitution among children and adolescents. Targeted health guidance and interventions should be implemented to improve TCM constitution health status for preventing the occurrence of depressive symptom.

Objective: To preliminarily investigate the role of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in RhD alloimmunization. Methods: Between January 10, 2018 and April 1, 2019, RhD negative plasma donors were recruited for active RhD alloimmunization. A panel of four RhD 15-mer peptides was synthesized to stimulate T-cell proliferation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from successfully immunized donors (responders) and divided into an experimental group (pre-incubated with anti-TLR3 antibody before adding RhD peptides) and a control group (RhD peptides only). PBMCs proliferation was assessed using a cell proliferation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BrdU), while TLR3 and IFN-α levels in cell culture supernatants and serum were detected via ELISA. Results: PBMCs proliferation was significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group [(31 234±15 300) vs (61 225±25 073) rlu/s, P<0.001]. TLR3 expression levels in the cell culture supernatants were also reduced in the experimental group [(3.49±0.32) vs (4.01±0.35) ng/mL, P<0.001]. TLR3 protein levels were detectable in responders but undetectable in the serum of non-responders [(1.43±1.44) vs 0 ng/mL, P<0.001]. A strong linear correlation was observed between TLR3 and IFN-α levels in serum, described by the regression model Y=2.957X+1.004 (r =0.91, P<0.001). Conclusion: TLR3 activation may promote RhD alloimmunization by inducing IFN-α secretion, indicating a critical role of the TLR3 signaling pathway in RhD immune responses.

Lattice strain ruthenium nanoparticles uniformly and stably supported on nitrogen-modified carbon nanosheets(RuNPs/NC)were prepared via simple wet-chemical and subsequent pyrolysis method.The nitrogen doped NC could effectively improve their uniform dispersion and lattice compression of RuNPs.Through changing the pyrolysis temperature,the nitrogen content,types and degree of lattice strain of RuNPs could be effectively tuned,which could be used to adjust and control their peroxidase-like activity.The as-prepared RuNPs/NC-900 exhibited highest peroxidase-like activity,and could catalyze the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)to produce a blue product with the maximum absorption at 652 nm in the presence of H2O2.The steady-state kinetic analysis indicated that the reaction catalyzed by RuNPs/NC followed the Michaelis-Menten kinetic model.Tannic acid(TA),gallic acid(GA)and ascorbic acid(AA)could effectively inhibit the RuNPs/NC-H2O2-triggered chromogenic reaction of TMB,resulting in color fading and decrease in absorbance.Based on this,a sensitive and accurate system was constructed for detection of TA,GA and AA.The detection limits(3σ/S)for TA,GA and AA were 0.014,0.014 and 0.29 μmol/L,respectively.This study not only developed a colorimetric sensing method based on RuNPs/NC nanozyme but also offered a new approach for the sensitive detection of antioxidants in food.

Fe-based γ-cyclodextrin nanoparticles(Fe-γ-CD)with peroxidase-like activity were successfully synthesized through a solvothermal approach for establishing a simple and sensitive sarcosine(SAR)assay method.Fe-γ-CD could catalyze the oxidation of colorless 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)to blue oxidized TMB(oxTMB)in the presence of H2O2,accompanied by a characteristic absorption peak centered at 652 nm.The effects of reaction conditions were investigated,and the catalytic mechanism as well as the steady-state kinetics were analyzed.Fe-γ-CD could catalyze H2O2 to generate hydroxyl radical,singlet oxygen and superoxide radical,these reactive oxygen species with robust oxidizability further oxidized TMB.This process followed a typical Michaelis-Menten kinetic model.With the assistance of sarcosine oxidase(SOx),SAR was hydrolyzed into H2O2 to trigger Fe-γ-CD catalyzed chromogenic reaction,resulting in deepened color and increased absorbance.The degree of colorimetric signal change was related to SAR concentration and thus SAR could be quantitatively detected.The linear range and detection limit were 1.0-70.0 μmol/L and 0.46 μmol/L,respectively.Typical amino acids and metal ions had no obvious interference on SAR detection,indicating a good selectivity.The method was successfully applied to determination of SAR level in serum with satisfactory results.

In the progression of end-stage liver disease,the incidence of sleep disorders in patients with liver cirrhosis is high.Currently,western medicine treatment has obvious liver and kidney damage and adverse reactions after discontinuation,which affects the therapeutic effect.Cirrhosis and sleep disorders can be separately attributed to the category of"abdominal mass"and"insomnia"in traditional Chinese medicine.The"abdominal mass"is caused by the disorder of liver and spleen qi movement,as well as the obstruction of phlegm-dampness and blood stasis.In the development of"abdominal mass",the liver failed in ensuring free movement of qi,the spleen failed in transportation and transformation,liver yin and liver blood became insufficiency and the imbalance of yin and yang in the zang-fu organs became imbalanced,and then the ethereal soul depart from the housing,which leads to"insomnia"as an outward manifestation.Professor ZHOU Xiao-Zhou focuses on the concept of qi and blood,and points out that the pathogenesis of sleep disorder in cirrhosis is characterized by liver stagnation and spleen deficiency.He proposed that the treatment principle is to regulate the liver and spleen simultaneously,as well as to nourish the heart and calm the mind.Professor ZHOU has developed Ganyinghua Anshen Formula for treating sleep disorders in cirrhosis,which is derived from the modification of Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction,and is composed of 14 Chinese medicines of vinegar-prepared Cyperi Rhizoma,Amomi Fructus,Coicis Semen,Dioscoreae Rhizoma,bran-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum,Gardeniae Fructus,Codonopsis Radix,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Sclerotium Poriae Pararadicis,Longan Arillus,Albiziae Cortex,and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle.The formula has achieved remarkable clinical effect.The clinical experience of Professor ZHOU Xiao-Zhou for treating sleep disorders in cirrhosis through regulating the liver and spleen simultaneously will provide a reference for its clinical treatment with traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To establish the finite element model of spinal canal reconstruction and internal fixation,analysis influence of spinal canal reconstruction and internal fixation on spinal stability,and verify the effectiveness and reliability of spinal canal reconstruction and internal fixation in spinal canal surgery.Methods A 30-year-old male healthy volunteer with a height of 172 cm and weight of 75 kg was selected and his lumbar CT data were collected to establish a finite element model of normal lumbar Lo3-L,and the results were compared with in vitro solid results and published finite element analysis results to verify the validity of the model.They were divided into normal group,laminectomy group and spinal canal reconstruction group according to different treatment methods.Under the same boundary fixation and physiological load conditions,six kinds of ac-tivities were performed,including forward bending,backward extension,left bending,right bending,left rotation and right rota-tion,and the changes of range of motion(ROM)of L3-L4,L4-L5 segments and overall maximum ROM of L3-L5 were analyzed under the six conditions.Results The ROM displacement range of each segment of the constructed L3-L5 finite element model was consistent with the in vitro solid results and previous literature data,which confirms the validity of the model.In L3-L4,ROM of spinal canal reconstruction group was slightly increased than that of normal group during posterior extension(＞5％dif-ference),and ROM of other conditions was similar to that of normal group(＜5％difference).ROM in laminectomy group was significantly increase than that in normal group and spinal canal reconstruction group under the condition of flexion,extension,left and right rotation.In L4-L5,ROM in spinal canal reconstruction group was similar to that in normal group(＜5％differ-ence),while ROM in laminectomy group was significantly higher than that in normal group and spinal canal reconstruction group(＞5％difference).In the overall maximum ROM of L3-L5,spinal canal reconstruction group was only slightly higher than normal group under the condition of posterior extension(＞5％difference),while laminectomy was significantly higher than normal group and spinal canal reconstruction group under the condition of anterior flexion,posterior extension,left and right rotation(＞5％difference).The changes of each segment ROM and overall ROM of L3-L5 showed laminectomy group＞spinal canal reconstruction group＞normal group.Conclusion Laminectomy could seriously affect biomechanical stability of the spine,but application of spinal canal reconstruction and internal fixation could effectively reduce ROM displacement of the responsi-ble segment of spine and maintain its biomechanical stability.

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-22-3p on pyroptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)induced by homocysteine(Hcy).Methods Human VSMCs were cultured in vitro and divided into a Control group(0 μmol/L Hey)and a Hey group(100 μmol/L Hey).After intervention,expression levels of pro Caspase-1,gasdermin D(GSDMD),N-GSDMD,and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)were detected by Western blot.MiR-22-3p expression was determined by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.Interleukin(IL)-1 β and IL-18 levels in the supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Cells were also transfected with control miR-22-3p(miR-22-3p-NC),miR-22-3p-mimic,and miR-22-3p-inhibitor,to observe the effects on VSMC pyroptosis induced by Hcy.Results Expression levels of pro Caspase-1,GSDMD,N-GSDMD,and NLRP3 in VSMCs were increased(P＜0.05),IL-1 β and IL-18 levels were increased(P＜0.01),and the relative expression level of miR-22-3p was reduced(P＜0.01)in the Hcy group compared with the Control group.Transfection with miR-22-3p-mimic significantly decreased the expression levels of pro Caspase-1,GSDMD,N-GSDMD,and NLRP3 in VSMCs(P＜0.01),and significantly decreased levels of IL-1β and IL-18(P＜0.01),while transfection with miR-22-3p-inhibitor significantly increased the expression levels of pro Caspase-1,GSDMD,N-GSDMD,and NLRP3 in VSMCs(P＜0.01)and significantly increased the levels of IL-1β and IL-18(P＜0.05).Conclusions MiR-22-3p may delay Hcy-induced VSMC pyroptosis.

Aim To explore the effects of Huannao Yicong decoction(HYD)on the learning and memory ability and brain iron metabolism in APP/PS1 mice and the correlation of HAMP knockout mice and APP/PS1 double transgenic model mice.Methods The ex-periment was divided into five groups,namely,HAMP-/-group(6-month HAMP gene knockout mice),APP/PS1 group(6-month APP/PS1-double-transgenic mice),HAMP-/-+HYD,APP/PS1+HYD,and negative control group(6-month C57BL/6J mice),with six mice in each group.The dose was ad-ministered(13.68 g·kg-1 weight),and the other groups received distilled water for gavage once a day for two months.After the administration of the drug,the mice in each group were tested for learning and memory in the Morris water maze;Biochemical detec-tion was performed to detect iron ion content in each mouse brain;Western blot and RT-qPCR were carried out to analyze hippocampal transferrin(TF),transfer-rin receptor1(TFR1),membrane iron transporter1(FPN1)divalent metal ion transporter 1(DMT1)and β-amyloid protein(Aβ)protein and mRNA expression levels in each group.Results Compared with the normal group,both HAMP-/-mice and APP/PS1 mice had reduced the learning and memory capacity,in-creased iron content in brain tissue,Aβ protein ex-pression increased in hippocampus of HAMP-/-group and APP/PS1 group mice(P＜0.01),the protein and mRNA expression of TF,TFR1 and DMT1 increased in hippocampal tissues of HAMP-/-and APP/PS1 groups(P＜0.01),and the FPN1 protein and mRNA expres-sion decreased(P＜0.01).Compared with the HAMP-and APP/PS1 groups,respectively,HAMP-/-+HYD group and APP/PS1+HYD group had improved learning and memory ability,decreased iron content,decreased Aβ protein expression(P＜0.01),decreased TF,TFR1,DMT1 protein and mR-NA expression(P＜0.01),and increased expression of FPN1 protein and mRNA(P＜0.01).Conclusions There is some association between HAMP-/-mice and APP/PS1 mice,HYD can improve the learning and memory ability of HAMP-/-and APP/PS1 mice and reduce the Aβ deposition.The mechanism may be related to the regulation of TF,TFR1,DMT1,FPN1 expression and improving brain iron overload.

Objective:To explore the clinical effects of free anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALTPF) with modified cross-leg vessel bridging in reconstruction of infected wounds in the lower leg combined with major vessel defects.Methods:A retrospective observational study was conducted on 7 patients who admitted to the Department of Trauma Orthopaedics, the 521 Hospital of Norinco Group from January 2020 to December 2021 for treatment of large infected wounds in lower leg with soft tissue defect by reconstructive surgery of flap transfer. The patients were 5 males and 2 females, aged 23-50 years old with an average age of 37 years old. The causes of injury were: 5 patients were of car accidents, 1 of machinery compression and 1 of heavy object crush. The wounds were reconstructed after debridement and infection control with sensitive antibiotics, where the soft tissue defects were found at 11.0 cm×15.0 cm to 20.0 cm×32.0 cm in size. All patients underwent vascular angiography or CDU examinations and it was confirmed that the affected calf had only an anterior tibial artery as the vessel left for blood supply in 6 patients and a posterior tibial artery as the blood supply vessel in one patient. Therefore application of vascular end-to-side anastomosis in free flap reconstruction of limb defects was impossible due to the damaged artery could not be salvaged as a blood supply artery for the transferred flap. Therefore, a modified cross-leg vessel bridging to the freed ALTPF in the affected lower leg was applied. The donor site of the pedicle was covered with VSD while the pedicle of the flap was anastomosed. It was remained until the posterior tibial artery and the tubular flap were ready for replantation after disconnection of the pedicle. The sizes of flap were 13.0 cm×17.0 cm to 22.0 cm×32.0 cm (unilateral ALTPFs for 6 patients and bilateral ALTPFs for 1 patient). Two donor sites in low tension were direct closed, and the rest of 5 donor sites that had great tensions and could not be directly sutured were reconstructed by skin grafting. The survival and complications of flaps were observed in the scheduled postoperative follow-ups at outpatient visits, WeChat reviews and home visits, etc.Results:All 7 patients were successfully treated and had 12-24 months postoperative follow-up, with an average of 16 months. All flaps survived, with primary healing in 6 patients and 1 patient had partial flap necrosis with surface infection, which healed after dressing changes. The wound healing time was 14-36 days with an average of 17.9 days. The time for disconnection of the cross-leg vessel bridging pedicle was 3-4 weeks with the flap transfer, with an average of 3.6 weeks. The donor sites of ALTPFs and vessel pedicles all healed well. CDU confirmed the patency of the contralateral posterior tibial artery. Satisfactory functional recovery was achieved in the affected lower limb and there was a good function of the contralateral healthy lower leg.Conclusion:Application of the transfer of a free ALTPF with modified cross-leg vessel bridging in reconstruction of infected wounds with major vessel defects in the lower leg has shown excellent clinical outcomes. It is a practical and effective method in treatment of large infective defect in lower leg.

From January 2019 to December 2021, overweight and obese children who visited in health outpatient Center of Hunan Children's Hospital were studied to explore and analyze the rate, related factors and patterns of multimorbidity of overweight and obesity-related diseases in children in Hunan Province. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the multimorbidity-related factors of overweight and obesity-related diseases in children. Association rules (apriori algorithm) were used to explore the multimorbidity patterns of overweight and obesity-related diseases in children. A total of 725 overweight and obese children were included in this study. The multimorbidity rate of overweight and obesity-related diseases in children was 46.07% (334/725). Age, waist circumference, the frequency of food consumption such as hamburgers and fries and adding meals before bedtime were multimorbidity-related factors of overweight and obesity-related diseases in children. The multimorbidity associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was relatively common. The patterns with the top three support degrees were "NAFLD+dyslipidemia","NAFLD+hypertension" and "NAFLD+hyperuricemia". The patterns with the top three confidence and elevation degrees were "Hypertension+dyslipidemia => NAFLD","Hyperuricemia => NAFLD" and "NAFLD+hypertension => dyslipidemia".
Child ; Humans ; Overweight/complications* ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology* ; Hyperuricemia ; Multimorbidity ; Hypertension/epidemiology* ; Dyslipidemias ; Body Mass Index ; Risk Factors