Objective:To analyze the risk factors for complications of the retromandibular approach in patients with parotid gland posterior and lower pole tumors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 140 patients with parotid posterior lower pole tumors admitted to the Xingtai Third Hospital from October 2019 to October 2021. They were divided into two groups based on whether complications occurred: the occurrence group and the non occurrence group. General data of the two groups of patients were collected, including age, gender, course of disease, previous surgical history, number of tumors, tumor length, resection range, facial nerve dissociation, tumor site resection frequency, and fascia preservation; Single factor and logistic multivariate analysis were conducted to determine the risk factors for complications of the posterior retromandibular approach in patients with parotid gland posterior and lower pole tumors.Results:A total of 140 patients with parotid gland posterior lower pole tumors underwent retromandibular approach treatment, with complications occurring in 38 cases (27.14%), including 7 cases of temporary facial paralysis, 10 cases of facial depression, 11 cases of Frey syndrome, 2 cases of fistula, and 8 cases of sensory abnormalities of the greater auricular nerve. Through logistic multivariate analysis, it was found that the number of tumors ≥ 2 ( OR=2.856), the resection range (total resection) ( OR=2.477), the number of surgeries ≥3 ( OR=5.637), facial nerve dissociation ( OR=3.526), and lack of fascia preservation ( OR=2.551) were all risk factors for postoperative complications in patients with parotid posterior pole tumors (all P<0.05). Conclusions:In clinical practice, relevant prevention and treatment measures should be formulated for these high-risk factors to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) defines a kind of Immune-mediated acute inflammatory peripheral neuropathy. Miller-Fisher Syndrome (MFS) is a special variant of GBS, with mostly one-way course and rare clinical recurrence. Only a few recurrent cases have been reported in China. Here we report a case of a young male patient with double vision and progressive aggravation of limb numbness, acute onset, with symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection before onset, accompanied by pupil abnormalities and autonomic nervous dysfunction, who was was admitted to our hospital for similar symptoms 3 years ago and was improved by immunotherapy. The patient had a triad of “ataxia, areflexia and ophthalmoplegia”. Cerebrospinal fluid showed protein-cell separation. Serum anti-Sulfatides antibody IgM, anti-GT1a antibody IgG, anti-GQ1b antibody IgG and anti-GM3 IgM were positive. Recurrent MFS was diagnosed and the symptoms improved after immunotherapy. This case suggests that MFS is clinically heterogeneous, a few patients can present with relapse and generally have a better prognosis with immunotherapy. Pre-existing infection and anti-GQ1b antibody production may be predisposing factors for MFS recurrence.

Based on a non-competitive and selective PTP1B inhibitor reported by us previously, thirty-nine benzamido derivatives were designed and synthesized as novel PTP1B inhibitors. Among them, twelve compounds exhibited IC values at micromolar level against human recombinant PTP1B, and most of them exhibited significant selectivity to PTP1B over TC-PTP and CD45. Further evaluation of the most potent compound on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin-resistant (IR) obese mice indicated that could modulate glucose metabolism and ameliorate dyslipidemia simultaneously.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein(AD7C-NTP)and olfactory function in the differentiation of three types of dementia,and to evaluate their clinical application value.Methods Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)were applied to evaluate cognitive function of all subjects with Alzheimer disease(AD),frontotemporal dementia (FTLD),or mixed dementia (MD).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the expression levels of AD7c-NTP in urine.T&T test method was applied to detect the olfactory function.Spearman rank correlation was used to evaluate the correlation of urine AD7c NTP with MMSE and MoCA scores.Results There was no significant difference in the demographic profile (except age)among three types of dementia of AD,FTLD and MD(F =4.05,P =0.02).Among the three dementia groups,the mean age of the MD group was highest.The statistically significant difference in MMSE scores was found among the three groups(F 3.79,P=0.03),while there was no significant difference inMoCAand NPI scores among the three dementia groups.The levels of the urine AD7c-NTP were different among the three dementia groups,but without statistical significance(H 1.25,P =0.53).Additionally,the FTLD group had the highest urine AD7c NTP level.Spearman rank correlation analysis showed no correlation of AD7c-NTP with MMSE and MoCA(r =0.18,P =0.25;r =0.14,P =0.39,respectively).No differences in olfactory function of the recognition domain(H =3.40,P=0.18)and in the detection domain(H =2.07,P=0.36)were found among three dementia groups of AD,FTLD and MD.Conclusions The level of urine AD7c-NTP is not of clinical significance in differentiating three types of dementia,and it is not correlated with the MMSE and MoCA scores.This study fails to find the clinical value of olfactory function test for distinguishing three types of dementia.

Objective To explore the effects of aqueous extracts of Codonopsis Radix onD-galactose induced aging model mice; To discuss the anti-aging molecular mechanism of Codonopsis Radix.Methods Subcutaneous injection ofD-galactose solution was used to establish aging models. 100 Kunming mice were divided into normal control group, model group and low-, medium-, high-dose of Codonopsis Radix interventional groups randomly, 20 mice in each group. Low-, medium-, high-dose of Codonopsis Radix interventional groups were given relevant dosage for gavage, while normal control group and model group were given the same volume of NS by gavage for 42 d. After treatment for 42 days, the BUN and CREA in mouse serum were examined; the AffymetrixmiRNA 4.0 microarray was employed to identify the differentially expressed microRNA (miRNA) related with these processes; the bioinformatic tools were also used to further analyze the cluster of miRNA microarrys and the pathways which the target genes of miRNA were involved in.Results Compared with normal control group, the levels of BUN and CREA in mouse serum increased in model group (P<0.05); compared with model group, the levels of BUN and CREA in Low-, medium-, high-dose of Codonopsis Radix interventional groups decreased, in which high-dose of Codonopsis Radix could most significantly inhibit the level of BUN (P<0.05); the cluster analysis showed the miRNA expression profilings of high dose of Codonopsis Radix interventional group and normal control group were brought together, while the profiling of model group was clearly divided with the other groups. In model group vers normal control group, 36 differentiated expressed miRNA showed, which predicated in 10 main biological functions. In high-dose of Codonopsis Radix interventional group vers model group, 34 differentiated expressed miRNAs in high-dose of Codonopsis Radix interventional group showed, and the analytical results of biological functions of target genes were the same as those of model group vers normal control group.Conclusion In the anti-aging process, Codonopsis Radix can not only influence the miRNA expression profiling, but also influence its functional environment.

Objective:To analyze the chemical constituents in Radix astragali by high-performance-liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry(HPLC-TOF/MS). Methods:An Agilent poroshell 120 SB-C18 column(100 mm × 3 mm,2. 7 μm)was adopt-ed. The mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile-0. 1% formic acid with nonlinear gradient elution. The flow rate was 0. 4 ml· min-1 . The UV detection wavelength was set at 254nm, the column temperature was 25℃ and the injection volume was 10μl. Electron spray ionization and positive mode was adopted, the flow and temperature of the carrier gas( N2 ) was 10 L·min-1 and 350℃, respec-tively. The capillary voltage was 4 kV, the bombardment voltage was 165 V, the spectra were recorded within the range of m/z 100~1 100. Results:A total of 24 chemical constituents were identified from Radix astragali by HPLC-TOF/MS simultaneously. Conclu-sion:An efficient and fast HPLC-TOF/MS approach has been established for studying the chemical constituents in Radix astragali, which lays the foundation for the study on pharmacodynamic material basis and quality control of Radix astragali.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B is a potential target for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. We have previously identified the benzoyl sulfathiazole derivative II as a non-competitive PTP1B inhibitor with in vivo insulin sensitizing effects. Preliminary SAR study on this compound series has been carried out herein, and thirteen new compounds have been designed and synthesized. Among them, compound 10 exhibited potent inhibition against human recombinant PTP1B with the IC50 value of 3.97 micromol x L(-1), and is comparable to that of compound II.

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric behavior disturbances between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) patients,as well as their relationships with dementia severity.Methods A total of 38 FTD patients and 46 AD patients were recruited in this study.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to evaluate the degree of cognitive impairments.The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Brief Questionnaire Form (NPI) and Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBI) were used to measure behavioral disturbances.The 21-items Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-21) was used to evaluate the mental or emotional state of patients.Clinical dementia rating scale (CDR) was used to divide the dementia severity.Results FTD patients were younger ((70.13 ± 8.36) years vs (66.46 ± 7.04) years,t =2.124,P =0.037),earlier at age of onset ((68.58 ± 8.51) years vs (64.43 ± 6.82) years,t =2.396,P =0.019),with lower MoCA scores (12.50 (8.00,16.25) vs 17.00(10.75,21.00),Z=-2.428,P=0.015),higher NPI (15.00(7.00,25.50)vs 9.50(4.00,17.75),Z=-2.251,P=0.024),FBI (21.00(13.00,27.00)vs 16.00(10.75,23.00),Z=-2.159,P=0.031),FBI-A (13.00 (8.00,16.00)vs 9.00(6.00,12.00) Z=-2.159,P=0.041),FBI-B (9.00(7.00,14.00) vs 7.00(3.00,11.00),Z=-2.051,P=0.040) and HAMD-21 scores (7.00(2.75,14.00) vs 5.00 (3.00,8.00),Z =-2.061,P =0.039).A detail analysis of different cognitive domains showed the executive functions (Z =-2.140,P =0.032),language (Z =-3.357,P =0.001),abstraction (Z =-2.498,P =0.012) and delayed recall (Z =-4.317,P =0.000) of the MoCA scale were lower in FTD patients than that in AD patients,while AD patients had lower scores in memory (Z =-1.999,P =0.046) and orientation (Z =-2.941,P =0.003) of the MMSE scale.Within the subscale scores of the NPI,the agitation (Z =-3.255,P =0.001),disinhibition (Z =-3.093,P =0.002) and irritability (Z =-2.214,P =0.027) scores were higher in FTD patients than in AD patients.The total scores of NPI (r=0.279,P=0.010),FBI (r =0.353,P=0.001),FBI-A (r=0.386,P=0.000) and FBI-B (r =0.273,P =0.012) were positively correlated with the CDR scores,whereas MoCA scores were negatively correlated with the CDR scores (r =-0.760,P =0.000).The subscale scores on MoCA and NPI areas changed corresponding with dementia severity in both groups.Conclusions The cognitive function,behavioral and psychological symptoms between FTD and AD patients are different.FTD patients have poorer executive function,language,abstraction and delayed recall ability,whereas AD patients perform worse in memory and orientation.With the progression of the disease,FTD patients gradually emerged disorientation,while the cognitive impairment in AD patients almost affected all the areas.FTD patients are more likely to have agitation,disinhibition and irritability behavior,and AD patients are more likely to have depression in the late stage.Dynamic evaluation of the cognitive function,behavioral and psychological symptoms in clinical practice can help to distinguish FTD and AD.

Objective To explore the clinical application value and feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in rapid diagnosis for bleeding of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods From January 2009 to December 2012, 58 patients from the 302nd Hospital of the People′s Liberation Army underwent CEUS and conventional ultrasound, who were suspicioused primary bleeding of liver cancer or secondary bleeding of liver cancer after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA). The change of effusion volume in front of liver and in abdominal cavity, the perfusion time, range and characteristics of contrast agent, tumor vessel and the characteristic manifestation of active bleeding within the tumor and subcapsular were evaluated. Theχ2 test was used to compare the show rates of lesion boundary and the bleeding point by conventional ultrasound and CEUS. The t test was used to compare the change of effusion in front of liver and in abdominal cavity from 0 min to 30 min after bleeding were diagnosis by CEUS. Results For 58 cases of suspicious rupture and bleeding of liver cancer, 34 cases were conifrmed by clinical and imaging ifndings. The bleeding points were detected by conventional ultrasound in 5 cases. The bleeding points in 30 cases (including 4 cases of rapid bleeding, 7 cases of medium bleeding and 19 cases of slow bleeding) were detected by CEUS. The detection rate of lesion boundary, tumor vessel and bleeding point of CEUS were higher than those of conventional ultrasound, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=10.350, P=0.001; χ2=4.300, P=0.034;χ2=36.790, P=0.0007). CEUS showed that contrast agent continuously concentrated at the bleeding point of lesions, and different degrees of bleeding were shown as′jet-like′,′linear′or′intermittent′spillover. The volume of effusion in front of the liver and in abdominal cavity at 30 min was more than those at 0 min after bleeding were diagnosis by CEUS, and the differences were statistically significant (the volume of effusion in abdominal cavity:t=-3.467, P=0.026;t=-12.895, P=0.000;t=-3.055, P=0.007;the volume of effusion in front of the liver:t=-8.110, P=0.001;t=-5.642, P=0.002;t=-5.981, P=0.000). Conclusions CEUS can show direct signs of rupture and bleeding of liver cancer, and the degree of bleeding can be evaluated according to the extravasation characteristics of contrast medium and the changes of lfuid volume. Therefore, CEUS can provid an objective basis for rapid diagnosis of ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma in the emergency scene and bedside.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of electroporation on the immunogenicity of the DNA vaccine pVAX- tG250FcGB.

METHODSThe DNA vaccine pVAX-tG250FcGB was constructed by inserting the coding gene of tG250 fusion genes into the expression vector pVAX. The DNA vaccine was delivered in BALB/c mouse by electroporation or intramuscular injection, and the induced antigen specific immune responses were compared.

RESULTSThe vaccine delivered by electroporation and intramuscular injection both induced immune responses in BALB/c mouse, but electroporation produced an obviously stronger effect than intramuscular injection.

CONCLUSIONElectroporation-mediated DNA vaccine delivery can produce strong immune response in mice and is an effective means for studying the immunogenic effect of DNA vaccine pVAX-tG250FcGB.

Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Antibody Specificity ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; genetics ; immunology ; Electroporation ; Gene Fusion ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; genetics ; immunology ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plasmids ; Random Allocation ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Transfection ; Vaccines, DNA ; genetics ; immunology