BACKGROUND:Despite a series of clinical treatment measures,the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis still faces challenges.In recent years,mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles have attracted extensive attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy and are considered to be a promising means of treating pulmonary fibrosis. OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the application of mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis,to comprehensively understand their therapeutic mechanism,efficacy evaluation and problems,and provide reference and guidance for further research and clinical application in the future. METHODS:Using Chinese and English search terms"mesenchymal stem cells","mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles","pulmonary fibrosis",we searched the CNKI and PubMed electronic journal databases.By means of manual reading and eliminating duplicate articles,112 articles were selected,but 58 Chinese and English articles were finally included for summary. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles have shown great potential in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis,such as regulating inflammatory responses,inhibiting fibroblast proliferation,and promoting damaged tissue repair.Preliminary results from clinical trials have also shown some effects of the treatment,including improved lung function and quality of life in patients.(2)However,mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular vesicles in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis still face some challenges.During treatment,technical challenges such as cell migration and intrachistological localization need to be addressed for it to accurately reach the damaged lung tissue.Furthermore,its long-term safety also needs to be further studied and improved.For translational medicine development,standardized procedures such as cell collection,cell isolation,cell culture,cell harvesting,and cell identification need to be refined.(3)Despite these challenges,through the joint efforts of scientific researchers and medical personnel,these problems are expected to be gradually solved.In the future,we can further improve treatment outcomes by optimizing treatment regimens and exploring individualized treatments.At the same time,in-depth research on the therapeutic mechanism of stem cells and their extracellular vesicles is expected to develop more efficient and safe therapeutic strategies.

Objective To analyze the structural changes and reasons for hospitalization expenditure among patients with thyroid cancer,so as to provide a reference basis for reasonable control of medical costs,making the structure of hospitalisation costs for patients undergoing surgery for thyroid cancer more rational.Methods The degree of structural change and the grey correlation method were used to quantitatively analyze the changes in the structure of hospitalization expenses and the degree of correlation of patients with thyroid cancer surgery in a hospital in Shanxi Province from 2017 to 2022.Results From 2017 to 2022,the hospitalization expenses of thyroid cancer surgery patients in the hospital showed a decreasing trend,and drug fees and consumables fees accounted for a large proportion.Consumables fees and treatment fees showed positive contribution changes,drug fees and diagnosis fees showed negative contribution changes.Nursing fees and general medical service fees showed positive contribution changes,but were not obvious.During the 6-year period,the top two related factors affecting the hospitalization expenses of thyroid cancer patients were drug fees and consumables fees.Conclusion The structure of hospitalization expenses of per thyroid cancer patients tends to be reasonable,but there is still a large room for improvement.It is suggested to continue to strengthen the control of drugs and medical consumables,and clarify the value composition of technical labor and material consumables,so as to further optimize the structure of hospitalization expenses.

China prospective multicenter birth cohort (Prospective Omics Health Atlas birth cohort, POHA birth cohort) study was officially launched in 2022. This study, in collaboration with 12 participating units, aims to establish a high-quality, multidimensional cohort comprising 20 000 naturally conceived families and assisted reproductive families. The study involves long-term follow-up of parents and offspring, with corresponding biological samples collected at key time points. Through multi-omics testing and analysis, the study aims to conduct multi-omics big data research across the entire maternal and infant life cycle. The goal is to identify new biomarkers for maternal and infant diseases and provide scientific evidence for risk prediction related to maternal diseases and neonatal health.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze variants of TSC1 and TSC2 genes in a Chinese patient with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patient and her parents with informed consent. Following extraction of genomic DNA, potential variants of the TSC1 and TSC2 genes was detected by using targeted capture next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The patient was found to harbor a de novo mosaicism variant c.3295_3298delG (Val1100CysfsTer3) of the TSC2 gene, with the proportion of the mutant allele determined as 13.4%, which was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the c.3295_3298delG (Val1100CysfsTer3) variant was predicted to be pathogenic (PVS1+PS2+PM2). CONCLUSION The mosaicism heterozygous variant of c.3295_3298delG of the TSC2 gene, as detected by both NGS and Sanger sequencing, probably underlay the TSC2 in this patient.
Female ; Humans ; Mosaicism ; Mutation ; Tuberous Sclerosis/genetics* ; Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein/genetics* ; Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein/genetics*

Objective: To summarize the effect of simultaneous orthognathic surgery along with mandibular ramus reconstruction using costochondral graft, for adult M3 hemifacial macrosomia. Methods: From November 2015 to October 2017, 5 adults diagnosed with M3 hemifacial macrosomia were treated. There were 3 males and 2 females, aged from 19 to 26 years. Le Fort Ⅰ osteotomy and SSRO with simultaneous mandibular ramus reconstruction using contralateral sixth or seventh costochondral graft was performed to correct the facial asymmetry and occluding relation. The data of clinical examination and CTs were collected at the time point of immediately postoperative, 1, 3, 6, 12 months after surgery. The facial symmetry, joint function, occlusion and 3D measurements in CT image reconstruction were analysed to evaluate the surgery outcome. Results: The length of rib and costal cartilage ranged from 47 mm to 67 mm. All the costal cartilage grafts survived, and 4 patients got primary healing. All patients were followed for 2-13 months (with the mean follow-up of 8 months). The ratio of ramus length of affected side to normal side was over 80%. The occlusion was stable. The facial structures were satisfactory after 6 months. Conclusions Orthognathic surgery with simultaneous mandibular ramus reconstruction using costochondral graft is suitable for the adult severe hemifacial macrosomia, with satisfactory cosmetic and functional results. This method is easily performed with reliable graft survival rate, aesthetic facial structure and stable occlusion.

Objective To investigate the CT spectral imaging features of benign and malignant ovarian tumors and to assess the value of spectral CT in differentiating between benign and malignant ovarian tumors.Methods This study was granted by the institutional review board with a waiver for informed consent.34 patients with ovarian tumor(11 benign tumors and 23 malignant tumors)underwent preoperative CT scanning that included arterial phase (AP)and venous phase (VP)with GSI mode.Measurements were performed on the GSI viewer.The iodine concentration (IC,100 ug/cm3)was saved,and the normalized iodine concentration (NIC)and the spectral curve(spectral Hounsfield unit curve)were recorded.The slope of the curve was calculated as the formula:(CT attenuation (40 keV)-CT attenuation(100 keV))/60.The CT value was measured at 70 keV in Mono image.CT values,the slope of the spectral curve,the iodine concentration and NIC were compared between the two groups by using independent sample t-test with software SPSS 2 1.0.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)was used to determine the threshold of slope of the spectral curve,the iodine concentration and NIC for differentiating benign and malignant ovarian tumors in VP.Results The slope of the spectral curve,the iodine concentration and NIC of malignant ovarian tumors in VP were 1.72±0.77,14.50±6.44 (100 μg/cm3),and 0.33±0.12.The slope of the spectral curve,the iodine concentration and NIC of benign ovarian tumors in VP were 1.05±0.48,8.86±4.04 (100 μg/cm3),and 0.22±0.13.Significant differences were found between the slope of spectral curve,the iodine concentration and NIC of the malignant ovarian tumors and those of the benign ovarian tumors in VP (P=0.01).CT values in double phases revealed no difference between these two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion There is a significant difference between the solid component of benign ovarian tumors and that of malignant ovarian tumors in spectral CT.GSI scan mode can provide more information for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian tumors.

Objective To investigate the opportunity and skill of surgery for pancreatic sinistral portal hypertension.Methods Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed on 15 cases of pancreatic sinistral portal hypertension admired from Dec 2015 to Dec 2017.Results All fiften cases underwent surgical treatment,among them three cases were initially treated conservatively in the early stage and treated surgically for gastrointestinal bleeding,12 cases with definite pancreatic disease and pancreatic sinistral portal hypertension treated in the first stage.Three patients underwent second surgery for recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding.The patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months with symptoms significantly impioved without deaths.Conclusions Splenectomy combined with esophagogastric devascularization is the basic surgical treatment for pancreatic sinistral portal hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rapid and accurate method for the detection of dengue virus (DENV) by using nicking enzyme assisted strand-displacement amplification (SDA) combined with gold nanoparticles-based lateral flow strip. METHODS: Total RNA of the virus was extracted by using magnetic beads method and transcribed to cDNA for SDA detection system. Nicking enzyme-assisted method was used for detecting DENV, and agarose gel electrophoresis was used for analyzing the sensitivity of SDA amplification products. A gold nanoparticles-based lateral flow strip was developed based on the principle of nucleic acid base complementary pairing to design the test line and control line. The gold particles were prepared by using sodium citrate reduction method for gold nanoparticles-based lateral flow strip construction. RESULTS: The sensitivity of the SDA method was 10 fmol/L, and the sensitivity of gold nanoparticles-based lateral flow strip based on SDA method was also 10 fmol/L. In a linear range from 10 fmol/L to 10 fmol/L, the corresponding linear correlation coefficient () of DENV was 0.98. The specificity of nanoparticles-based lateral flow strip based on SDA for DENV detection was high, which was no crossing with other control groups. CONCLUSIONS A gold nanoparticles-based lateral flow strip based on SDA method for DENV detection has been established, which is convenient, fast, and the result is visible to naked eyes.
Dengue ; diagnosis ; Dengue Virus ; isolation & purification ; Gold ; Humans ; Metal Nanoparticles ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To illustrate that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-αt) / nuclear factor of activated T cells pathway is the main function way that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) inhibit proliferation of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells during treating pulmonary hypertension (PH).Methods MSC from human umbilical cord was used to treat PH rat models induced by monocrotaline.Rats were divided into the control group,the PH model group and the MSC group.The general conditions of the rats were observed.Haemodynamics was detected.Pathological sections and immunohistochemistry method were used to detect the lung structure and tissue changes.Changing conditions of TNF-αt/NFAT were detected.Results Compared with rats in the PH model group,the general conditions of the MSC group tended to be normal evidently:the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) dropped [(30.37 ±3.13) mmHg vs.(47.90 ± 3.45) mmHg,1 mmHg =0.133 kPa],the aortic pressure (MAoP) increased [(115.03 ± 16.01) mmHg vs.(92.78 ± 16.28 mmHg)],the thickening condition of arterial intima-media was evidently relieved [(17.22 ±1.21)％ vs.(31.68 ±2.26)％],the plasma TNF-α level decreased obviously [(842 ±76) ng/L vs.(245 ±24)ng/L],and the lung tissue TNF-o level decreased (0.172 ±0.024 vs.0.248 ± 0.051),and all the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The activation of pulmonary artery NFATc2 in the MSC treatment group was apparently inhibited.Conclusions MSC therapy may perform the treating effect in PH by inhibiting the over-proliferation of inflammation related pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells via TNF-oα/NFAT pathway.

Objective To observe the effects of TLR9 on the nude mouse transplanted tumor growth of human pancreanc cancer and its drug resistance.Methods The nude mouse transplated tumor of human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 was established and randomly divided into 6 groups for conducting the experiment:sterile normal saline group,TLR9 agonist,TLR9 inhibitor group,gemcitabine group,TLR9 inhibitor plus gemcitabine Bin group,TLR9 agonist plus gemcitabine.The tumor size and growth situation were recorded by the vernier caliper.The immunohistochemical method was used to detect tumor TLR9 receptor expression.The tumor growth,metastasis and paracancerous nssue invasion situation were observed by the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Results The volume and growth speed of resected tumor mass in the gemcitabine group,TLR9 agonist + gemcitabine group,TLR9 inhibitor plus gemcitabine group was significantly smaller than those in other groups (P＜0.05),which in the TLR9 agonist + gemcitabine group were significantly greater than those in the TLR9 inhibitor plus gemcitabine group and gemcitabine group (P＜0.05),the difference between the TLR9 inhibitor plus gemcitabine group and gemcitabine group had statistical significance (P＜0.05),while the difference among the TLR9 agonist group,TLR9 inhibitor group and normal saline group had no stastistical significance (P＞0.05).The tumor in mice at 7 weeks after planting showed oval shape with clear boundary by MRI observation,no obvious metastais and paracancerous invasion were seen in paracancerous nssues no statistically significant,5 weeks,6 weeks after planting,seven weeks mice observed in MRI,the tumor into an,state clearly that the transfer of the surrounding tissue,no significant vascular invasion,heart,liver,kidney disease.The TLR9 expression on the surface of tumor tissue was detected and identified.Conclusion Pancreatic cancer nude mouse transplated tumor has definitely positive expression of TLR9,TLR9 activation can significantly decrease the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer to chemotherapy,increases the drug resistance of tumor,on contrary promotes the tumor growth.