Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and white matter high signal and non-dementia vascular cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral small vascular disease (CSVD).Methods:Total 106 patients with CSVD who were admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College from April 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled.They were divided into vascular cognitive impairment no dementia group (VCIND group, n=47) and no vascular cognitive impairment group (N-VCI group, n=59)according to mini-mental assessment scale (MMSE), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale and activity of daily living scale (ADL). Serum VEGF levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The baseline data, serum VEGF levels, MoCA score and Fazekas score were compared between the two groups.The correlation between serum VEGF level and white matter high signal and cognitive function was analyzed.SPSS 19.0 software was used for data processing.The statistical methods were t-test, Chi square test, nonparametric test, Logistic regression analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman correlation analysis. Results:There were significant differences in serum VEGF level((464.18±114.58)pg/mL, (414.17±45.80)pg/mL, F=22.880), MoCA score((13.07±6.48), (20.17±4.06), F=17.920) and Fazekas score (4(3, 5), 3(1, 3), Z=-4.189)between the two groups (all P<0.05). The level of VEGF( β=0.008, OR=1.008, 95% CI=1.001-1.015, P<0.05) was the influencing factor of cognitive function in patients with CSVD .The level of VEGF was negatively correlated with the total score of MoCA, attention and calculation power, and orientation ability ( r=-0.345, -0.373, -0.445, all P<0.05) and it was positively correlated with the total Fazekas score and the Fazekas score of paraventricular and deep white matter ( r=0.392, 0.495, 0.302, all P<0.05). There was a linear trend between the high signal grade of paraventricular and deep white matter and VCIND (both P<0.05). Conclusion:Serum VEGF level is correlated with cognitive function and white matter hyperintensity in patients with CSVD.The increase of VEGF level may be a factor reflecting cognitive dysfunction.In addition, with the increase of white matter hyperintensity level, the risk of VCIND in CSVD is increased.

Objective:To investigate the molecular genetic and clinical characteristics of MEF2D-BCL9 fusion gene-positive acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), and to provide the reference for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods:The medical record and experimental examination data of a 18-year-old female MEF2D-BCL9 fusion gene-positive B-ALL patient were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical manifestations and biological characteristics of MEF2D-BCL9 fusion gene-positive B-ALL were summarized.Results:This 18-year-old female patient was treated in a local hospital in December 2018 and was diagnosed as B-ALL. She achieved complete remission after chemotherapy and recurred at 6 months after the initial onset, and then she was admitted to Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital in the 9 months after the initial onset.MEF2D-BCL9 fusion gene was detected through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and verified by using polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. Bone marrow cell morphology was similar to mature B cells with vacuoles but without characteristic chromosome karyotype abnormalities. The patient achieved remission after VLD regimen chemotherapy, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy and bridged to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). She has maintained complete remission for 2 years at the last follow-up in February 2022.Conclusions:MEF2D-BCL9 fusion gene-positive B-ALL is characterized with high risk, early relapse and poor prognosis. These patients may benefit from CAR-T and allo-HSCT. It further emphasizes the importance of taking MEF2D-BCL9 fusion gene into the detection or identification by using RNA-seq, particularly for those newly diagnosed B-ALL patients in children and adolescents with specific bone marrow morphology.

Coronaviruses (CoVs), a family of enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses, are characterized by club-like spikes that project from their surface, unusually large RNA genome, and unique replication capability. CoVs are known to cause various potentially lethal human respiratory infectious diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the very recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Unfortunately, neither drug nor vaccine has yet been approved to date to prevent and treat these diseases caused by CoVs. Therefore, effective prevention and treatment medications against human coronavirus are in urgent need. In the past decades, many natural compounds have been reported to possess multiple biological activities, including antiviral properties. In this article, we provided a comprehensive review on the natural compounds that interfere with the life cycles of SARS and MERS, and discussed their potential use for the treatment of COVID-19.

Objective: To analyze the correlation between serum HBV DNA level and HBsAg titer in hepatitis B e antigen positive pregnant women without antiviral therapy, and investigate the impact of genomic variability of preS/S regions on their correlations. Methods: Prenatal serum samples from 882 pregnant women with chronic HBV infection who were positive for HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA and were not on antiviral therapy were included in the analysis. The Abbott i2000 and m2000 systems were used to qualitatively or quantitatively detect HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels, respectively. HBV genotyping was performed using a type-specific primer nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). In addition, serum samples of pregnant women with HBV DNA levels correlated with HBsAg titer and HBV DNA levels higher than HBsAg titers were used to perform preS/S region amplification by nPCR method. PCR products were directly sequenced and mutation sites were analyzed by MEGA6.0 stasticial software. Mann-Whitney U test was used for the measurement data, and 2-test test for count data. Correlations between variables were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation. Results: Serum HBsAg titer of HBeAg-positive pregnant women was positively correlated with HBV DNA level (r = 0.754, P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, mutation sites A60V (100% vs. 15.38%, χ² = 7.61, P < 0.01), V90A (100% vs. 30.77%, χ² = 4.43, P < 0.05) and I161T of HBV preS/S region (80.00% vs. 0, χ² = 9.14, P < 0.01) showed a significant decrease in HBsAg titer. Conclusion Serum HBV DNA levels were positively correlated with HBsAg titer in HBeAg-positive pregnant women. Therefore, serum HBsAg titer may be used as a surrogate marker of serum HBV DNA. Single or multiple amino acid mutations sites A60V, V90A, and I161T in preS/S region may be one of the reasons that lead to a significant drop in HBsAg titer and affect its correlation with HBV DNA levels.

Objective To explore the difference of the expression level of FK506 Binding Protein 51 (FKBP51) in colorectal adenocarcinoma and normal colorectal tissues,and the correlation between FKBP51 expression level and clinicopathological characteristics,and to clarify whether FKBP51 is involved in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.Methods By immunohistochemical staining [streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) method] and Western blotting methods tested 31 cases of colorectal cancer tumor tissues and normal colorectal tissues far from tumor 5 cm,and explored the expression level difference of FKBP51.Combined with clinical data of patients,results were analyzed by statistical method x2 test of four case table data.Results The high expression rate of FKBP51 in tumor tissues was 74.19％ (23/31 cases),while the high expression rate of FKBP51 in normal tissue was 9.68％ (3/31 cases).The difference was significant.The expression level of FKBP51 in patients with colorectal carcinoma had no obvious correlation with gender (P =0.771),age (P =0.474),tumor location (P =0.213),degree of differentiation (P =0.318),lymph node metastasis (P =0.124),distant metastasis (P =0.318) and clinical stage (P =0.171);and the tumor size (P =0.049),depth of invasion related (P =0.031),the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions The expression of FKBP51 in colorectal cancer was strong,while weak expression in normal colorectal tissues.With the increase of tumor infiltration and deepening,the expression of FKBP51 became stronger,which indicated that FKBP51 participated in the genesis and development of colorectal cancer,and it might become a new target for individual therapy of colorectal cancer.

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression levels of excision repair cross complementation group 1(ERCC1), breast cancer susceptibility gene 1(BRCA1), thymidylate synthase (TS) mRNA and clinicopathological features, prognosis in advanced colorectal cancer, and the correlation between the expression levels of ERCC1 and BRCA1. Methods The expression levels of ERCC1, BRCA1 and TS mRNA of postoperative paraffin embedded tissue were tested by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 49 advanced colorectal cancer cases. The results were analyzed by χ2 test of the correlation between the expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics. Patients were followed up by clinic or telephone. The prognosis was analyzed by small sample Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-rank time series analysis, and P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results The expression level of ERCC1 mRNA in patients with colorectal carcinoma had no obvious correlation with the clinical and pathological characteristics such as gender, age, tumor location, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, CEA and differentiation degree (P>0.05). The expression level of BRCA1 mRNA had no significant correlation with the above clinical and pathological features (P>0.05) except distant metastasis (P=0.030) and differentiation degree (P=0.002). The expression level of TS mRNA had no significant correlation with the above clinical and pathological features (P>0.05) except distant metastasis (P=0.003). The expression level of ERCC1 and BRCA1 mRNA obviously correlated (P=0.002). The 1 year overall survival rate was 95.92%(47/49);the 2 year overall survival rate was 83.67%(41/49);and the 3 year overall survival rate was 73.47%(36/49). Overall survival and progression-free survival time in ERCC1 mRNA low expression group (47.8, 41.0 months) was higher than that in ERCC1 mRNA low expression group (27.3, 20.0 months) respectively (P=0.001, P=0.001). Overall survival and progression-free survival time in BRCA1 mRNA low expression group (43.7, 42.7 months) was higher than that in BRCA1 mRNA high expression group (29.3, 25.1 months) respectively (P=0.009, 0.006). Overall survival time in TS mRNA low expression group (39.8 months) was higher than that in BRCA1 mRNA high expression group (25.2 months). Conclusions The expression level of ERCC1 mRNA is not correlated with its clinical and pathological characteristics, but with its biological characteristics. BRCA1 and TS levels are correlated with invasion and metastasis. Low levels of ERCC1 and BRCA1 expression have a better prognostic effect on platinum based first-line chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer, and they are correlated. Low level of TS also has longer disease-free survival. Three joint detection could be used as a prognostic factor for colorectal cancer chemotherapy.

With the accelerated pace of the world population aging,it has provided great opportunities for the rapid development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with natural medicine as its main component.However,the lack of legal status of TCM has long been a great influence on Chinese medicine.There is a big difference in the degree of recognition of TCM among people along the way.If people are still able to accept herbal medicine,they are very exclusive of zoic medication.Although zoic medication is an important part of TCM,zoic medication and animal rights appeal have a sharp contradiction.The question is how to solve the dilemma between the protection and utilization of zoic medication,utility and lofty.This article analyzed the understanding difference and consensus of zoic medication from the ethics perspective under both Chinese and western culture.It clarified the understanding and practice of zoic medication in TCM.It also illustrated the rational protection and sustainable using of zoic medication in TCM.

Objective To observe the effect of the three active ingredients of a Chinese traditional medicine compound named Kang Fu Ling( KFL) against PC12 cells oxidative damage induced by microwave radiation.Methods PC12 cells were differentiated into neuros induced by nerve growth factor ( NGF ) .PC12 cells were incubated for 48 hours after astragalosides,total paeony glycoside and tanshinones were added at different concentrations (1, 3, or 9 μg/ml) .The cells in the control group were cultivated with the only medium of the same volume.Then, cells were irradiated with 30 mW/cm2 microwave for 6 minutes.The morphology of PC12 cells was observed under an inverted microscope soon before and after irradiation and the cell viability was measured by methylthiazolyl tetrazolium ( MTT) colorimetry.Reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) was determined using active oxygen probe 2′, 7′-dichlorodihyarofluolescen diacetde ( DCFH-DA ) while malonyldialdehyde(MDA) was measured in the homogenate of PC12 cells through thiobarbituric acid ( TBA) reactive substance assay.Results The cell morphology of each group showed no obvious difference.6 h after irradiation, the viability of irradiation control group measured by MTT declined apparently(P<0.01)compared with the normal control group.The 3 μg/ml astragalosides treatment group increased the viability of PC12 cells after microwave exposure ( P <0.01).The contents of ROS and MDA were increased after irradiation(P<0.01).However, in the three active ingredients of Kang Fu Ling treatment groups, both ROS and MDA were much lower than in irradiation control group.Conclusion Astragalosides, total paeony glycoside and tanshinones, which are the three active ingredients of Kang Fu Ling, all have protective effect against PC12 cell injury caused by microwave radiation,possibly by scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress injury.

The in vivo assembly of ribosomal subunits is a highly complex process, with a tight coordination between protein assembly and rRNA maturation events, such as folding and processing of rRNA precursors, as well as modifications of selected bases. In the cell, a large number of factors are required to ensure the efficiency and fidelity of subunit production. Here we characterize the immature 30S subunits accumulated in a factor-null Escherichia coli strain (∆rsgA∆rbfA). The immature 30S subunits isolated with varying salt concentrations in the buffer system show interesting differences on both protein composition and structure. Specifically, intermediates derived under the two contrasting salt conditions (high and low) likely reflect two distinctive assembly stages, the relatively early and late stages of the 3' domain assembly, respectively. Detailed structural analysis demonstrates a mechanistic coupling between the maturation of the 5' end of the 17S rRNA and the assembly of the 30S head domain, and attributes a unique role of S5 in coordinating these two events. Furthermore, our structural results likely reveal the location of the unprocessed terminal sequences of the 17S rRNA, and suggest that the maturation events of the 17S rRNA could be employed as quality control mechanisms on subunit production and protein translation.
Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; GTP Phosphohydrolases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mass Spectrometry ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; RNA, Ribosomal ; analysis ; metabolism ; Ribosomal Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ribosome Subunits, Small, Bacterial ; chemistry ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Salts ; chemistry

Teaching purpose, teaching content, experiment and examination forms etc. were discussed, and how to practice the teaching of the public selective course Nutriology of Traditional Chinese Medicine was pointed out. All these are invaluable experience for the development and progress of this course.