Yttrium-90 selective internal radiation therapy (⁹⁰Y-SIRT) is a treatment technique that delivers radioactive microspheres precisely to the arterial vascular bed of neoplasms, utilizing beta radiation to administer a high local dose of radiation to the neoplasm tissues. This technology has demonstrated significant efficacy in patients with unresectable pirmary liver cancers and liver metastases. This article systematically reviews the development history and clinical application status of ⁹⁰Y-SIRT in the treatment of liver cancer, and looks forward to future development directions.

With the rapid development of mobile internet technology, mobile health application (mHealth APP) are increasingly widely used in the field of health management and have been proven to play an important role in the management of chronic diseases. Solid organ transplant recipients face complex health management needs after surgery, including postoperative follow-up, medication management, prevention and treatment of complications and comorbidities, and lifestyle adjustment. mHealth APP can provide solid organ transplant recipients with convenient self-management tools. Although some progress has been made in this field, there are still many challenges, such as insufficient user experience, technological dependence, and data security risks. Therefore, this article discusses the development process, main functions and current application status of mHealth APP, and analyzes its advantages in improving the self-management ability of solid organ transplant recipients, promoting doctor-patient communication and reducing the incidence of complications. At the same time, based on the practical experience of author’s team in developing the “TransMate” mHealth APP, we propose the directions that mHealth APPs should focus on in the future, in order to provide more effective support and services for the health management of solid organ transplant recipients.

Background At present, the practice of pulmonary rehabilitation for pneumoconiosis in China is in a primary stage. The basis for formulating an individualized comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation plan is still insufficient, which is one of the factors limiting the development of community-level rehabilitation work. Objective To formulate an exercise prescription based on maximum heart rate measured by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), conduct an individualized comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program with the exercise prescription for patients with stable pneumoconiosis, and evaluate its role in improving exercise endurance and quality of life, thus provide a basis for the application and promotion of pulmonary rehabilitation. Methods A total of 68 patients were recruited from the Occupational Disease Prevention Hospital of Jinneng Holding Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd. from April to August 2022 , and were divided into an intervention group and a control group by random number table method, with 34 cases in each group. All the pneumoconiosis patients participated in a baseline test. The control group was given routine drug treatment, while the intervention group received multidisciplinary comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation treatment on the basis of routine drug treatment, including health education, breathing training, exercise training, nutrition guidance, psychological intervention, and sleep management, whose exercise intensity was determined according to the maximum heart rate provided by CPET. The rehabilitation training lasted for 24 weeks. Patients were evaluated at registration and the end of study respectively. CPET was used to measure peak oxygen uptake per kilogram (pVO₂/kg), anaerobic threshold (AT), carbon dioxide equivalent of ventilation (EqCO₂), maximum metabolic equivalent (METs), and maximum work (W_max). The modified British Medical Research Council Dyspnea Questionnaire (mMRC), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test (CAT), and Short Form of Health Survey (SF-36) were used to evaluate the potential effect of the comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation program. Results Among the included 68 patients, 63 patients were having complete data, then 31 cases were assigned in the control group and 32 cases in the interventional group. Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in pVO₂/kg, AT, EqCO₂, METs, or W_max between the two groups (P>0.05). At the end of the trail, the indicators like pVO₂/kg [(19.81±2.38) mL·(min·kg)⁻¹], AT [(14.48±2.33) mL·(min·kg)⁻¹], METs (5.64±0.69), and W_max [(85.25±14) W] of patients in the intervention group were all higher than those [(13.90±2.37) mL·(min·kg)⁻¹, (11.70±1.94) mL·(min kg)⁻¹, (3.97±0.70), and (61.77±14.72) W, respectively] in the control group (P<0.001); there was no significant difference in EqCO₂ between the two groups (P=0.083). Before the trial, there was no significant difference in mMRC, SAS, SDS, PSQI, or CAT scores between the two groups (P>0.05). At the end of the trail, the mMRC score (1.16±0.57), SAS score (27.93±2.12), SDS score (26.48±1.44), PSQI score (1.08±0.88), and CAT score (4.34±3.28) of patients in the intervention group were lower than those [(2.03±0.83), (35.87±6.91), (34.23±6.65), (5.37±3.03), and (13.87±7.53), respectively] in the control group (P<0.001). The SF-36 scores of bodily pain (94.13±10.72), general health (87.50±5.68), vitality (95.31±5.53), mental health (99.88±0.71), and health changes (74.22±4.42) in the intervention group were higher than those [(71.87±32.72), (65.81±15.55), (74.52±16.45), (86.97±16.56), and (29.84±13.50), respectively] in the control group (P<0.001), and no significant difference was found in social functioning and role emotional scores (P>0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation can increase the oxygen intake and exercise endurance of pneumoconiosis patients, ameliorate dyspnea symptoms, elevate psychological state and sleep quality, and improve the quality of life.

Microspheres are commonly used as embolic materials in vascular interventional operations.However,due to the limitation of materials,almost all microspheres cannot be detected by imaging equipment in vivo.The visualization of microspheres refers to the addition of various materials to the microspheres that enable the microspheres to be displayed on the images of imaging equipment.In order to optimize the embolization process and facilitate postoperative follow-up,a lot of visualized microspheres have been reported so far,such as X-ray visualized microspheres,MRI visualized microspheres,ultrasonic visualized microspheres,etc.Clinical experience has shown that these microspheres can provide true spatial distribution and real-time intraoperative feedback,which contributes to the optimization,personalization,and improvement of vascular embolization technology.This paper aims to make a comprehensive review about the recent advances in researches about the above mentioned visualized microspheres.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of abdominal ultrasound-guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy(ERAT)with laparoscopic appendectomy(LA)for acute uncomplicated appendicitis using propensity score matching.Methods The clinical data of 441 patients with acute uncomplicated appendicitis admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from March 2020 to April 2023 were collected.The cases were classified based on the differences in surgical method and divided into the ERAT group(n = 30)and LA group(n = 411).The clinical efficacy of patients was compared between the two groups after reducing confounding bias by propensity score matching(PSM).Results After PSM,a total of 30 pairs of patients in the two groups were successfully matched,and the baseline data of the two groups met the requirements for comparability.At 24 hours after the operation,the ERAT group exhibited lower white blood cells,neutrophil counts,and C-reactive protein levels compared to the LA group,and these differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the operation time and total effective rate between the ERAT group and the LA group(P>0.05).However,the ERAT group had lower intraoperative blood loss and shorter pain relief time compared to the LA group,and these differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Abdominal ultrasound-guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis treatment is an effective,safe,and feasible technique with good prospects for the treatment of acute uncomplicated appendicitis.

Portal hypertension is a pathological elevation of portal pressure gradient(PPG),often leading to severe complications.Interventional shunting such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)has gradually become an important means of treatment,but the postoperative hemodynamic changes are uncertain,therefore,individualized treatment scheme with precision shunting is needed.The purpose of precision shunting is to balance the amount of shunting blood with the amount of blood perfusion in the liver tissue,which can minimize the incidence of complications while relieving symptoms.The determination of hemodynamic goals after interventional shunting is influenced by various factors,and the procedural differences and individual variances should be taken into consideration when making reasonable postoperative hemodynamic targets(optimal PPG).The preliminary results of clinical practice of precision shunting indicates that accurate measurement of preoperative portal pressure and effective monitoring of postoperative hemodynamic status should be emphasized.Future studies should further improve the interventional shunting technique to achieve a more individualized precision treatment.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy of high-throughput hemodialysis (HFHD) therapy on the application of serum ferritin (SF), transferrin saturation (TSAT), ferromodultin (Hepc) and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) with renal anemia.Methods:The uremic patients with MHD treatment in the Third People′s Hospital of Hangzhou City from August 2020 to July 2023 were selected as the study object. They were divided into high throughput (30 cases) and low throughput (30 cases) according the treatment methods. The general data; anemia indexes, including red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), percentage of reticulocytes (Ret); iron metabolism indexes (SF, TSAT, Hepc and sTfR); inflammations indexes, including β 2-microglobulin (β 2-MG), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6); renal function indexes, including blood creatinine (SCr), urine creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN); and adverse reaction were collected. Results:After treatment, the levels of RBC, Hb, HCT, SF and TSAT in the high-throughput group were increased compared with those before treatment: (3.33 ± 0.43) × 10 12/L vs. (2.12 ± 0.24) × 10 12/L, (118.08 ± 11.36) g/L vs. (98.23 ± 8.58) g/L, 0.354 ± 0.030 vs. 0.228 ± 0.037, (486.23 ± 68.22) μg/L vs. (149.34 ± 39.62) μg/L, (36.24 ± 5.82)% vs. (18.72 ± 6.14)%, After treatment, the levels of RBC, Hb, HCT, SF and TSAT in the low-throughput group were increased compared with those before treatment: (2.79 ± 0.32) × 10 12/L vs. (2.19 ± 0.27) × 10 12/L, (111.98 ± 9.07) g/L vs. (97.60 ± 8.33) g/L, 0.330 ± 0.036 vs. 0.214 ± 0.037, (332.73 ± 56.35) μg/L vs. (151.25 ± 39.90) μg/L, (22.23 ± 6.60)% vs. (17.97 ± 5.72)%. In the high-throughput group, after treatment compared with before treatment, Ret, Hepc, sTfR, β 2-MG, CRP, IL-6, SCr, Cr and BUN levels all decreased: (1.02 ± 0.58)% vs.(1.64 ± 0.99)%, (71.56 ± 5.67) μg/L vs. (89.56 ± 7.62) μg/L, (395.07 ± 37.10) μg/L vs. (471.37 ± 41.18) μg/L, (8.38 ± 1.94) μg/L vs. (13.79 ± 2.09) μg/L, (1.07 ± 0.23) mg/L vs. (2.28 ± 0.20) mg/L, (11.40 ± 2.84) ng/L vs. (22.74 ± 6.38) ng/L, (351.54 ± 62.05) μmol/L vs. (530.04 ± 85.06) μmol/L, (6.32 ± 1.49) nmol/L vs. (11.52 ± 2.37) nmol/L, (6.75 ± 1.51) mmol/L vs. (18.37 ± 4.52) mmol/L, compared with before and after treatment in low throughput group, Ret value, Hepc, sTfR, β 2-MG, CRP, IL-6, SCr, Cr and BUN levels decreased: (1.40 ± 0.65)% vs. (1.67 ± 0.78)%, (84.33 ± 7.45) μg/L vs. (88.97 ± 7.79) μg/L, (431.20 ± 37.59) μg/L vs. (459.56 ± 42.22) μg/L, (11.35 ± 1.06) μg/L vs. (14.00 ± 1.90) μg/L, (1.57 ± 0.27) mg/L vs. (2.19 ± 0.23) mg/L, (16..85 ± 3.02) ng/L vs. (23.38 ± 6.17) ng/L, (389.48 ± 67.03) μmol/L vs. (531.02 ± 78.07) μmol/L, (9.80 ± 1.33) nmol/L vs. (11.34 ± 2.18) nmol/L, (7.55 ± 1.21) mmol/L vs. (18.37 ± 4.52) mmol/L, In addition, RBC, Hb, HCT, SF and TSAT levels in high-flux group were higher than those in low-flux group ( P<0.05), while Ret, Hepc, sTfR, β 2-MG, CRP, IL-6, SCr, Cr and BUN levels were lower than those in low-flux group, with statistical significance ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug effects between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:HFHD treatment for patients with renal anemia in MHD has better treatment effect than LFHD, which can effectively correct the anemia state of patients, improve the body iron metabolism response, reduce inflammatory response and improve kidney function, and has certain clinical application value.

Objective To investigate the current status,obstacles,and specific needs associated with the application of transradial access(TRA)in peripheral interventions in Chinese hospitals,with the aim of promoting the broader adoption of TRA in interventional procedures.Methods The Committee of Interventional Oncology of China Anti-Cancer Association conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey to investigate and analyze the nationwide situation of TRA in peripheral interventional surgeries in 2022.Results Personnel from 60 hospitals participated in the questionnaire.The results showed that the number of peripheral interventionals performed using TRA was significantly lower than that performed using transfemoral access(TFA),with considerable variability among hospitals.The primary obstacles to the adoption of TRA were the lack of suitable catheters and the difficulty of radial artery puncture.Approximately 86.67％of the institutions expressed a high expectation for the innovation of new TRA-specific devices,particularly catheters,microcatheters,and guidewires.60.00％of medical institutions indicated a strong desire for systematic training and participation in multi-center clinical trials.Conclusions TRA peripheral intervention is feasible in many hospitals in China,however,systematic training and further promotion of TRA are essential.The innovation of new TRA-specific devices and TRA in peripheral intervention is urgent.

Objective To investigate the relationship between hemoglobin glycation index(HGI)and metabolic syndrome(MS)and its components.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to randomly select 823 patients from the First People's Hospital of Huzhou from September 2022 to September 2023.HGI is calculated based on fasting blood glucose(FPG)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)values.The patients were divided into low HGI group(HGI<-0.250%,274 cases),medium HGI group(-0.250%≤HGI≤0.214%,275 cases)and high HGI group(HGI>0.214%,274 cases)by HGI quantile method.The general data and metabolic indexes of each group were compared,and the correlation between HGI and MS and its components was analyzed by multiple Logistic regression.Results With the increase of HGI level,the prevalence rate of MS showed an upward trend(P<0.05).The prevalence rate of MS in low,medium and high HGI groups was 24.8%,42.5%and 55.5%,respectively.Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated HGI level was risk factor for MS,central obesity,hypertension,hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein hyperlipidemia(P<0.05).The risk of MS,central obesity,hypertension,hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein hyperlipidemia in high HGI group was 4.005 times(95%CI:2.763-5.808),3.765 times(95%CI:2.604-5.443),1.596 times(95%CI:1.089-2.337),2.655 times(95%CI:1.809-3.895),2.024 times(95%CI:1.404-2.918)and 2.247 times(95%CI:1.537-3.284)of that in low HGI group,respectively.Conclusion HGI is related to MS and its components,and HGI may be a new indicator to prevent and monitor MS.

The treatment of inner ear disease is developing towards local drug delivery to avoid drawbacks of systemic approach.The cochlear implants with drug delivery functions,a newly developed method of drug delivery into inner ear for treatment,has become the focus of research in recent years.In this review,we will describe recent advances in characteristics,product developments and applications of different types of drug loaded cochlear implants for local therapy.