ObjectiveNonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） is a metabolic stress liver injury. Ferroptosis is involved in the occurrence and development of NAFLD. Exploring the efficacy and mechanism of schisandrin B in treating NAFLD facilitates the development of strategies for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. MethodsThe molecular structure of schisandrin B was obtained by searching against PubChem， and the related targets were predicted by SwissTargetPrediction. The active ingredients and their targets were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） and the high-throughput experiment- and reference-guide database of traditional Chinese medicine （HERB）. GeneCards and FerrDb were searched for the targets of NAFLD and ferroptosis. The common targets were taken as the core targets， and the protein-protein interaction network of the core targets was established. DAVID was used for gene ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） analyses. Finally， molecular docking was performed between schisandrin B and core targets， and the binding energy was calculated. C57BL/6 mice were fed with a methionine and choline-deficiency （MCD） diet for the modeling of NAFLD. Mice were randomized into normal， model， positive drug （essentiale）， and low- and high-dose schisandrin B groups. The body mass and liver index of mice were measured after drug administration. The levels of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） in the serum and those of total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， glutathione （GSH）， and Fe²⁺ in the liver homogenate were measured by biochemical assay kits. The pathological changes of the liver tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and red oil O staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to determine the levels of interleukin （IL）-6， IL-1β， tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α， and 4-hydroxynonenal （4-HNE） in the serum. Western blotting and real-time PCR were employed to determine the protein and mRNA levels， respectively， of solute carrier family 7 member 11 （SLC7A11）， solute carrier family 3 member 2 （SLC3A2）， glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4）， transferrin， and ferritin heavy chain （FTH） in the liver tissue. ResultsA total of 2 370， 2 547， and 1 451 targets of schisandrin B， NAFLD， and ferroptosis were obtained， in which 90 common targets were shared by the three. Enrichment analyses predicted 505 GO terms and 92 KEGG pathways. Molecular docking suggested that schizandrin B had strong binding affinity with the key targets of ferropstosis （SLC7A11 and SLC3A2）. Animal experiments showed that schizandrin B significantly decreased the liver index， lowered the levels of ALT， AST， TC， TG， IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α， alleviated hepatocyte ballooning and inflammatory cell infiltration， and reduced lipid accumulation in the liver of NAFLD mice. In addition， schisandrin B significantly lowered the levels of MDA， 4-HNE， and Fe²⁺， elevated the level of GSH， up-regulated the protein and mRNA levels of SLC7A11， SLC3A2， and GPX4， and down-regulated the protein and mRNA levels of transferrin in the liver tissue. ConclusionSchisandrin B can alleviate NAFLD by inhibiting ferroptosis in hepatocytes.

Diabetic gastroparesis （DGP） is a common diabetic neuropathy that affects the normal function of gastric motility and emptying. Clinically， it often manifests as abdominal distension， nausea and vomiting， early satiety， dyspepsia， etc. The pathogenesis of DGP is multifactorial， closely related to many factors， such as chronic hyperglycemia， neuropathy， autonomic nervous system disorders， inflammation， and oxidative stress. These factors can interact with each other， leading to delayed gastric emptying and the occurrence of related symptoms. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has significant advantages in the prevention and treatment of DGP， including a long history， remarkable efficacy， individualized treatment， diverse therapeutic formulations， and improvement in the quality of life. Additionally， TCM is known for its low adverse reactions， good tolerance， and multi-targeted effects， making it an important approach in the management of DGP. Previous research has found that the main mechanisms of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of DGP include the regulation of gastrointestinal hormones， inhibition of inflammatory responses， reduction of oxidative stress， enhancement of interstitial cells of Cajal activity， inhibition of pyroptosis， and modulation of related signaling pathways such as stem cell factor （SCF）/cellular growth factor receptor （c-Kit）， adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）， Ras homologous genome member A （RhoA）/Rho-associated coiled-coil forming kinase （ROCK）. This article primarily summarized the research progress on Chinese medicine in preventing and treating DGP through the inhibition of inflammatory responses， reduction of oxidative stress， enhancement of interstitial cells of Cajal activity， inhibition of pyroptosis， and regulation of related signaling pathways， aiming to provide a reference and basis for further research on the application value of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of DGP.

Objective:To observe the relationship between early quality of life symptom clusters and psychological stress and its influencing factors,so as to lay a foundation for clinical timely control of symptom clusters,improving of psychological stress state,and improving the early quality of life after lung cancer surgery.Methods:A total of 248 patients with lung cancer who received surgical treatment in our hospital from Oct 2021 to Oct 2023 were selected to evaluate their general condition,quality of life,symptom clusters,and psychological stress by general situation questionnaire,Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy(FACT),Anderson Symptom Assessment Scale,and Symptom Self-Rating Scale(SCL-90).Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between FACT score symptom clusters and SCL-90 score.On the basis of multivariable logistic regression analysis,cumulative ratio regression model was used to analyze the early quality of life after lung cancer surgery.Results:A total of 239 patients with lung cancer were enrolled.FACT-L score was(53.66±6.85),SCL-90 score was(109.24±11.97),symptom clusters score was(104.03±16.83),including 117 patients in low group,69 patients in middle group,and 53 patients in high group,48.95%,28.87%and 22.18%,respectively.Pearson analysis showed that FACT score was negatively correlated with SCL-90 score and symptom clusters(r value was-0.779 and-0.737,respectively,P＜0.05).Multivariate cumulative ratio logistic regression analysis showed that seven factors including clustered airway management and sleep quality were protective factors for early quality of life after lung cancer surgery(P＜0.05),and malnutrition,pain degree,operation duration,SCL-90 score and symptom clusters score were risk factors for early quality of life after lung cancer surgery(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The influencing factors of early postoperative quality of life of lung cancer patients come from many aspects.Clinical prevention and control strategies can be formulated according to the influencing factors to improve the level of early postoperative quality of life of lung cancer patients.

Furry animal allergens, particularly cat and dog hair and dander, are common allergens in indoor environments, affecting the health of people world widely. Key sensitizing components such as Fel d 1 from cats and Can f 1 from dogs have been extensively studied and identified by the scientific community. Component resolved diagnosis (CRD) technology in modern diagnostic methods provides an accurate way to identify and distinguish these components, which is extremely important for the prevention of furry animal allergies and the formulation of personalized treatment strategies. To enhance the understanding of furry animal component diagnosis and promote the alignment of the Chinese discipline of allergology with international standards, this article interprets and explains the content of the "Molecular Allergology User′s Guide 2.0" recently released by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. It focuses on the epidemiological characteristics of furry animal components, the diversity of allergen protein families, and their clinical diagnosis and management.

Objective:To explore the application of COVID-19-specific IgG antibody in identifying epidemic Omicron BA.5 strain infection.Method:Omicron BF.7/BA.5 naturally infected population, healthy population vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine, and Omicron BF.7/BA.5 breakthrough cases were enrolled into this study. The serum WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG were detected by indirect ELISA, and the serum-specific IgG antibody levels of different populations were compared. The application value of the two antibody titers and the ratio of the two antibodies in identifying Omicron BA.5 epidemic strain infection were explored by the ROC curve, aiming to provide technical support for pathogen diagnosis.Results:The antibody titers of WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG in the breakthrough cases were higher than those in the naturally infected population and the healthy population ( P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG in identifying epidemic Omicron BA.5 strain infection was 0.947 and 0.961, respectively. The AUC of BA.5-S-IgG and WT-S-IgG antibody titer ratio was 0.873. When the antibody titer ratio was 0.855, the sensitivity and specificity were 80.00% and 90.00%, respectively. According to the interval since the last infection, the AUC of the ratio of BA.5-S-IgG to WT-S-IgG antibody titer to identify the infection of epidemic strains less than 30 days and more than 30 days was 0.887 and 0.863, respectively, and the sensitivity and specificity were both above 80%. Conclusion:Both BA.5-S-IgG and WT-S-IgG, as well as the combination of these two antibodies, are of high value in the identification of epidemic strains.

Furry animal allergens, particularly cat and dog hair and dander, are common allergens in indoor environments, affecting the health of people world widely. Key sensitizing components such as Fel d 1 from cats and Can f 1 from dogs have been extensively studied and identified by the scientific community. Component resolved diagnosis (CRD) technology in modern diagnostic methods provides an accurate way to identify and distinguish these components, which is extremely important for the prevention of furry animal allergies and the formulation of personalized treatment strategies. To enhance the understanding of furry animal component diagnosis and promote the alignment of the Chinese discipline of allergology with international standards, this article interprets and explains the content of the "Molecular Allergology User′s Guide 2.0" recently released by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. It focuses on the epidemiological characteristics of furry animal components, the diversity of allergen protein families, and their clinical diagnosis and management.

Objective:To explore the application of COVID-19-specific IgG antibody in identifying epidemic Omicron BA.5 strain infection.Method:Omicron BF.7/BA.5 naturally infected population, healthy population vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine, and Omicron BF.7/BA.5 breakthrough cases were enrolled into this study. The serum WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG were detected by indirect ELISA, and the serum-specific IgG antibody levels of different populations were compared. The application value of the two antibody titers and the ratio of the two antibodies in identifying Omicron BA.5 epidemic strain infection were explored by the ROC curve, aiming to provide technical support for pathogen diagnosis.Results:The antibody titers of WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG in the breakthrough cases were higher than those in the naturally infected population and the healthy population ( P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of WT-S-IgG and BA.5-S-IgG in identifying epidemic Omicron BA.5 strain infection was 0.947 and 0.961, respectively. The AUC of BA.5-S-IgG and WT-S-IgG antibody titer ratio was 0.873. When the antibody titer ratio was 0.855, the sensitivity and specificity were 80.00% and 90.00%, respectively. According to the interval since the last infection, the AUC of the ratio of BA.5-S-IgG to WT-S-IgG antibody titer to identify the infection of epidemic strains less than 30 days and more than 30 days was 0.887 and 0.863, respectively, and the sensitivity and specificity were both above 80%. Conclusion:Both BA.5-S-IgG and WT-S-IgG, as well as the combination of these two antibodies, are of high value in the identification of epidemic strains.

Objective:To analyze the role of learning engagement and learning burnout in the relationship between supervisors' guidance and the personal ability of postgraduates in the Professional Master's Program in Clinical Medicine.Methods:A total of 4 016 postgraduates in the Professional Master's Program in Clinical Medicine from 61 colleges were surveyed in 2020. Common method bias was assessed using the Harman's single factor test and total score was determined by the entropy weight method. Causality and mediation effect were analyzed by linear regression, and mediation effect was tested by Bootstrapping.Results:The average scores of supervisors' guidance, learning burnout, learning engagement and personal ability were (4.13±0.87), (2.49±1.11), (3.88±0.83), and (3.71±0.78), respectively. Supervisors' guidance significantly and positively impacted learning engagement ( β=0.689, P<0.001) and personal ability ( β=0.504, P<0.001). Learning engagement played a partial mediating role (89.30% of mediation effect) between supervisors' guidance and personal ability. Learning burnout (interaction term β=0.078, P<0.001) positively regulated the relationship between supervisors' guidance and learning engagement. Conclusions:Learning engagement can mediate the effect of supervisors' guidance on the personal ability of postgraduates in the Professional Master's Program in Clinical Medicine, and learning burnout positively regulates the effect of supervisors' guidance on learning engagement. Strengthened supervisors' guidance, increased attention to students' learning burnout, and enhanced learning engagement can further improve the personal abilities of postgraduates in the Professional Master's Program in Clinical Medicine.

Objective:To investigate the "burnout-engagement continuum" status of postgraduate supervisors of the Professional Master's Program in Clinical Medicine and to identify key populations.Methods:From October to November 2023, an anonymous online questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the "burnout-engagement continuum" status of postgraduate supervisors of the Professional Master's Program in Clinical Medicine. The scores of different dimensions of job burnout are expressed as mean±standard deviation, and the distribution of supervisors of different status is presented in frequency and percentage. All data analyses were performed in R 4.3.1. Distribution of the five profiles among supervisors of different status was compared using the chi-square test and compared pairwise using the Bonferroni method.Results:A total of 2 664 valid questionnaires were collected. The scores of emotional exhaustion, cynicism and personal accomplishment were（2.46±0.95),（1.74±0.89), and（4.23±0.90), respectively. The prevalence of job engagement, inefficacy, overexertion, disengagement, and burnout among the supervisors were 42.76%（1 139/2 664), 43.54%（1 160/2 664), 33.03%（880/2 664), 14.71%（392/2 664), and 13.66%（364/2 664), respectively. In terms of demographics, the distribution of the "burnout-engagement continuum" was significantly different by age, sex, marital status, and highest education level（ P<0.05). In terms of work-related characteristics, the distribution of the "burnout-engagement continuum" was significantly different by income, professional title, administrative position, and working hours on weekdays and holidays（ P<0.05). The distribution of engagement, inefficacy, and overexertion was significantly different between the eastern and western regions（ P<0.05). Conclusions:There is a high percentage of individuals with burnout among postgraduate supervisors of the Professional Master's Program in Clinical Medicine, and inefficacy is a common negative state. Supervisors who work in the western regions, are under 45 years of age, are male, are married, have a doctorate degree, hold associate senior professional title, have lower relative income, are not holding administrative duties, and work more than 10 hours on workdays and more than 4 hours on holidays are key populations that require increased attention. The psychological state of supervisors can be improved by providing them with more resources, work benefits, and incentives.

Objective:To investigate the satisfaction with team construction and occupational burnout among postgraduate supervisors in clinical medicine in China, and to analyze the relationship of the above two factors with the willingness to hold a position again in the school.Methods:A survey covering 3 409 postgraduate supervisors in clinical medicine across 33 colleges and universities was conducted. Analysis of variance, multiple linear regression analysis, and logistic regression analysis were performed to explore the relationship of satisfaction with team construction and occupational burnout with the willingness to hold a position again in the school among supervisors.Results:In various dimensions of satisfaction with team construction among postgraduate supervisors in clinical medicine, the mechanism of selection scored the highest (4.74±0.53), followed by indicators for selection (4.71±0.56), supervisor training (4.66±0.58), supervisor assessment (4.64±0.65), incentives for teaching (4.61±0.65), and career development (4.56±0.74). Indicators for selection ( OR=2.121) and career development ( OR=2.461) were positively correlated with supervisors' willingness to hold a position again in the school. The degree of being cynical, one of the assessment dimensions of occupational burnout, played a partially mediating role between satisfaction with supervisor team construction and the willingness to hold a position again in the school. Conclusions:Postgraduate supervisors in clinical medicine in China are generally satisfied with supervisor team construction. The degree of their satisfaction and occupational burnout influence their willingness to hold a position again in the school. Therefore, colleges and universities should optimize indicators for selection and provide more diverse career development opportunities for supervisors to enhance supervisors' satisfaction and loyalty.