Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) plays a neuroprotective role in AD. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of MKP-1 on AD have not been extensively studied. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, thereby repressing mRNA translation. Here, we reported that the microRNA-429-3p (miR-429-3p) was significantly increased in the brain of APP23/PS45 AD model mice and N2A^APP AD model cells. We further found that miR-429-3p could downregulate MKP-1 expression by directly binding to its 3'-untranslated region (3' UTR). Inhibition of miR-429-3p by its antagomir (A-miR-429) restored the expression of MKP-1 to a control level and consequently reduced the amyloidogenic processing of APP and Aβ accumulation. More importantly, intranasal administration of A-miR-429 successfully ameliorated the deficits of hippocampal CA1 long-term potentiation and spatial learning and memory in AD model mice by suppressing extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2)-mediated GluA1 hyperphosphorylation at Ser831 site, thereby increasing the surface expression of GluA1-containing α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs). Together, these results demonstrate that inhibiting miR-429-3p to upregulate MKP-1 effectively improves cognitive and synaptic functions in AD model mice, suggesting that miR-429/MKP-1 pathway may be a novel therapeutic target for AD treatment.

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) technology represented by deep learning (DL) has developed rapidly, and smart medical care has become one of the most important application areas of AI. As the most accurate noninvasive test to assess myocardial blood flow, myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) has important clinical values. At present, the use of DL algorithms to establish learning models for MPI images is still in the research stage, and more external verification and iterative updates are needed before it can be widely used in real time clinical practice. In this article, the application of DL algorithms in MPI is comprehensively elaborated to provide a basis and direction for further research.

Objective: To investigate the association between consumption of milk tea beverages and other sugary beverages with insomnia symptoms among college students, so as to the provide reference for promoting sleep quality among college students. Methods: From September to November 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 15 440 college students from seven universities in Shanghai, Jiangxi Province, Hubei Province, and Shanxi Province. A self developed questionnaire and the Insomnia Severity Index were used to assess milk tea beverage consumption, other sugary beverages and insomnia symptoms. Univariate analysis of insomnia symptoms among college students was performed using Chi square tests and Cochran-Armitage trend χ 2 tests. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted for the association between milk tea and other sugary beverage consumption with insomnia symptoms. Results: The detection rates of insomnia symptoms among college students was 40.83%. The frequency of consumption of different milk tea and various sugary drinks (juice, tea, milk, sodas,yogurt, functional drinks, coffee) per week was related to the detection trend rate of insomnia symptoms of college students ( χ 2 trend =38.38, 47.66, 74.16, 32.44, 65.78 , 38.71, 35.94, 91.59, P < 0.01 ). Multivariate analysis indicated that compared to individuals with no milk tea consumption, college students engaging in milk tea consumption had a significantly increased risk of insomnia symptoms ( OR =1.24, P <0.05). Students consuming milk tea at low to moderate frequencies (1-3, 4-5 times per week) showed a higher risk of insomnia symptoms compared to those with no consumption ( OR =1.20, 1.54, P <0.05). Furthermore, higher levels of milk tea consumption were significantly associated with insomnia symptoms (1 501-2 999 mL, OR =1.22; ≥3 000 mL, OR =1.36), and the consumption of other sugary beverages were also associated with insomnia symptoms of college students ( OR =1.10-1.55) ( P <0.05). Conclusions There is a relationship between consumption of milk tea beverage other sugary beverages with insomnia symptoms among college students. Colleges should regularly conduct dietary health education seminars to improve sleep quality among college students.

Objective: To investigate the current status of milk tea consumption and its association with psychological distress among college students, so as to provide theoretial support for promoting the mental health of college students. Methods: From September to November 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 15 440 college students aged 17-24 from seven universities in Shanghai, Jiangxi, Hubei, and Shanxi. A self designed questionnaire and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used to assess milk tea consumption and psychological distress, respectively. The Mantel-Haenszel test was employed to analyze the trend of psychological distress at different levels of milk tea consumption. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between milk tea consumption and psychological distress, and the restricted cubic spline method was applied to explore the nonlinear relationship between milk tea consumption and symptoms of psychological distress. Results: The detection rate of psychological distress among college students was 59.6%. Univariate analysis indicated a significant trend association between milk tea consumption frequency ( χ 2 trend =42.33) and milk tea intake level ( χ 2 trend = 5.17 ) with psychological distress ( P <0.05). Binary Logistic regression models showed a positive association between different levels of milk tea consumption frequency and psychological distress [1-3 times (mild to moderate distress, OR =1.20,1.41), 4-5 times (mild to severe distress, OR =2.80,5.44,4.12), and ≥6 times (severe distress, OR =8.04); and milk tea intake level: 1-1 500 mL (severe distress, OR =1.35), >1 500- <3 000 mL (mild to moderate distress, OR =1.21, 1.35), ≥3 000 mL (mild to severe distress, OR =1.33,1.71,1.29)] ( P <0.05 ). The restricted cubic spline model showed a nonlinear association between milk tea intake and the risk of psychological distress ( F = 107.34 , P non linear <0.01, P overall <0.01). Conclusions High frequency and high volume milk tea consumption are associated with an increased risk of psychological distress among college students. Reducing the consumption behavior of college students milk tea is helpful to improve mental health.

Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is a common complication of radiotherapy and one of the main causes of non-cancer death in patients with thoracic malignant tumors, which seriously affects the clinical outcome and quality of life of patients. PET imaging is able to assess myocardial perfusion, abnormal myocardial metabolic, cardiac sympathetic disorders, myocardial fibrosis and inflammation, and is of great value in the early diagnosis and detection of RIHD. This article reviews the progress of PET imaging in the early detection of RIHD.

Objective:To automatically synthesize Al 18F-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-74, and explore its value of clinical application. Methods:Al 18F-FAPI-74 was synthesized automatically by the commercial synthesis module CFN-MPS-100, and its yield, radiochemical purity and stability were determined. Sixteen normal Kunming (KM) mice were randomly divided into 4 groups and euthanized at 10, 30, 60 and 90 min after Al 18F-FAPI-74 injection, and the biodistribution was measured. MicroPET/CT dynamic scanning (60 min) was performed in 5 rat pancreatic tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mice to observe the tumor uptake. Al 18F-FAPI-74 PET/CT imaging was performed on 3 volunteers (1 male, 2 females; age: 37, 41, 43 years) to evaluate the clinical application value of Al 18F-FAPI-74. Results:The automated synthesis time of Al 18F-FAPI-74 was about 35 min, with the synthesis yield of (21.34±3.86)% (without attenuation correction, n=5) and the radiochemical purity more than 99%. The radiochemical purity was still more than 96% after placement at 37 ℃ for 6 h. Biodistribution in normal mice and microPET/CT dynamic scanning in tumor-bearing nude mice showed that consistently high uptake in the kidneys and bladder, and the tumor uptake was the highest at 20 min, and the maximum tumor-to-muscle ratio was 3.16±0.01 at 60 min. PET/CT imaging on volunteers showed that there was a small amount of uptake in myocardium, most organs such as the liver and lung had background uptake, and the maximum SUV max of persistent high uptake of tumor was 17.08. Conclusions:Al 18F-FAPI-74 has the advantages of simple synthesis, high yield, stable quality and good imaging performance in mice and volunteers. It is a kind of imaging agent that meets the requirements of clinical diagnosis.

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a global epidemic disease caused by hepatitis B virus that can lead to hepatic failure, even liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The occurrence and development of CHB are closely related to the changes in the gut microbiota communities. To explore the relationship between the structure of gut microbiota and liver biochemical indicators, 14 CHB patients (the CHB group) and 11 healthy people (the CN group) were randomly enrolled in this study. Our results demonstrate that CHB caused changes in the gut microbiota communities and biochemical indicators, such as alanine transaminase, total bilirubin and gamma glutamyl transferase. Furthermore, CHB induced imbalance of the gut microbiota. Prevotella, Blautia, Ruminococcus, Eubacterium eligens group, Bacteroides uniformis and Ruminococcus sp. 5_1_39BFAA were associated with the critical biochemical indicators and liver injury, suggesting a new approach to CHB treatment.
Bacteroides ; Eubacterium ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Neoplasms

Objective:To explore the influence of health coaching technology on self-management ability and negative emotions in patients with cirrhosis.Methods:In this single-center, randomized, single-blind controlled trial, 90 patients with cirrhosis hospitalized from May to October 2019 were selected as study subjects by means of convenience sampling method. Subjects were included in the control group (routine chronic disease management in the department of gastroenterology) and the experimental group (health coach technical intervention) with random number table method, with 45 cases each. The self-management Behavior Scale for patients with cirrhosis and the Depression-Anxiety-stress scale (DASS-21) were used to evaluate the intervention effect.Results:Two cases in the experimental group were lost to follow-up, and 3 cases in the control group were lost to follow-up. Finally, 43 cases in the experimental group and 42 cases in the control group completed the study. After the intervention, the experimental group's self-management scores and total scores were (23.02±1.68), (25.07±1.45), (17.72±1.64), (18.95±0.90), (84.77±3.32) points, the control group were (17.14±1.49), (23.43±1.77), (15.24±1.95), (15.88±2.26), (71.69±3.85) points, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t values were 4.678-16.955, P<0.05). The scores of DASS-21 were (8.05±1.73), (7.02±1.85), (12.40±2.20) points in the experimental group and (10.10±1.83), (9.05±2.39), (14.02±1.89) points in the control group. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t values were -5.300, -4.379, -3.659, all P < 0.05). Conclusions:The health coaching technique can effectively improve the self-management ability of patients with cirrhosis and reduce their negative emotions.

Objective:To investigate the related factors of length of stay in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with urinary tract infection, and provide reference for clinical nursing.Methods:A retrospective analysis was used to collect patients ′ general demographic data, disease history, HbA1c, and other laboratory indicators, and etc. A total of 228 hospitalized patients with confirmed T2DM with urinary tract infection in Shanxi People ′s Hospital from January 2019 to September 2020 were selected as the study subjects. The patients were divided into observation group ( n=79) and control group ( n = 149) according to their length of stay. The electronic medical history and related laboratory examination indexes of the two groups during hospitalization in the Department of Endocrinology were analyzed retrospectively. The general demographic data, disease history, glycosylated hemoglobin and other laboratory indexes of the two groups were statistically analyzed. Results:The results of single factor analysis on the influence of length of stay showed that there were statistically significant differences in age, gender, medicare payment method, Charlson Complication Index (CCI), treatment, glycosylated hemoglobin, procalcitonin (PCT) ( χ2 values were from 5.107 to 20.134, t value was 3.946, Z value was -2.914, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that female ( OR=0.405, 95% CI 0.172-0.951), age≥70 years old( OR=0.528, 95% CI 0.263-0.922), insulin treatment ( OR=0.479, 95% CI 0.269-0.854), CCI≥3 points ( OR=2.555, 95% CI 1.346-4.851), payment method of new rural cooperative medical insurance ( OR=0.273, 95% CI 0.120-0.620), resident medical insurance ( OR=0.184, 95% CI 0.083-0.405), others ( OR=0.367, 95% CI 0.157-0.862), PCT( OR= 0.252, 95% CI 0.290-0.877), and HbA1c ( OR= 0.81, 95% CI 0.705-0.930) were the influencing factors for the length of stay in patients of T2DM with urinary tract infection. Conclusion:Patients have a longer hospital stay in women, age ≥70 years old, and insulin treatment, CCI≥3 points, HbA1c and PCT. Compared with the employee medical insurance, patients have a shorter hospital stay with new rural cooperative medical insurance, resident medical insurance and other payment methods. Therefore, clinical testing ability should be further improved to effectively reduce the pain and economic burden of patients.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with cN0 papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC).Methods:The clinicopathological data of PTMC patients confirmed by surgery and pathology in the 81 st Military Hospital of People′s Liberation Army from 2016 to 2019 were collected, and the relationship between preoperative NLR, PLR levels and postoperative PTMC CLNM were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the cutoff value of NLR and PLR. The interaction relative excess risk was used to analyze the relationship between NLR, PLR and CLNM. Results:Among 220 patients with cN0 stage PTMC, 92 were CLNM. The ROC curve showed that when the cutoff value of NLR was 2.5 and the cutoff value of PLR was 175, the highest Youden index was 0.318 and 0.264, respectively. NLR and PLR were both related to CLNM ( P<0.05). The tumor long diameter, multifocality, NLR≥2.5 and PLR≥175 were independent impact factors of CLNM ( P<0.05). The results of the interaction showed that the relative excess risk of the interaction was 5.531 (95% CI: 0.160, 10.901, P=0.016), the attribution ratio was 0.512 (95% CI: 0.230, 0.794, P=0.009), and the synergy index was 2.294 (95% CI: 1.492, 4.579, P=0.022), suggested that NLR and PLR had an interactive effect, and these two synergistically promoted CLNM. Conclusions:NLR and PLR are independent risk factors for cN0 stage PTMC CLNM. When NLR≥2.5 and PLR≥175, preventive central lymph node dissection should be routinely performed.