Objective To investigate the current status and serologic characteristics of occult HBV infection in the adult physical examination population in Zigong region. Methods A total of 126 381 patients who were examined in the physical examination center and gastroenterology department of The First People's Hospital of Zigong City from April 2023 to September 2024 were screened, and 21 615 eligible cases were included in the study. The current status of infection was analyzed and serological patterns and serological characteristics of the included individuals were compared. Results This study screened 126 381 patients, all of whom underwent serum HBsAg testing, and 21 615 patients (17.10%) underwent HBV DNA testing, of which 7 992 were HBV DNA positive (>102 IU/mL) and HBsAg negative, accounting for 36.97% of the total number of patients who underwent HBV DNA testing. Anti-HBc positivity was significantly higher than other serologic patterns, and the lowest rate of HBV DNA positivity was found in those who were positive for anti-HBc, anti-HBs and anti-HBe. The lowest male-to-female ratio (1.25:1) was found in patients with both anti-HBc, anti-HBs and anti-HBe positivity, which was significantly lower than that of patients with the other three serologic characteristics (P=0.005). There were no significant differences in age, BMI, AST, ALT, and TBiL levels among patients with different serum characteristics (all P>0.05). The HBV viral load is highest in patients with anti HBc combined with anti HBe positivity, while the HBV viral load is lowest in patients with anti HBc positivity, anti HBs positivity, and all anti HBe positivity (P<0.001). Viral genotypes were predominantly B-type, and there were differences in genotype distribution among the four groups of patients (P<0.001). Conclusion The level of occult HBV infection was high in the adult medical examination population in Zigong region, mostly characterized by anti-HBc positivity, with the lowest male-to-female ratio among patients who were positive for anti-HBc, anti-HBs, and anti-HBe, and the highest HBV viral load among patients who were positive for anti-HBc combined with anti-HBe.

Objective To investigate the current status and serologic characteristics of occult HBV infection in the adult physical examination population in Zigong region. Methods A total of 126 381 patients who were examined in the physical examination center and gastroenterology department of The First People's Hospital of Zigong City from April 2023 to September 2024 were screened, and 21 615 eligible cases were included in the study. The current status of infection was analyzed and serological patterns and serological characteristics of the included individuals were compared. Results This study screened 126 381 patients, all of whom underwent serum HBsAg testing, and 21 615 patients (17.10%) underwent HBV DNA testing, of which 7 992 were HBV DNA positive (>102 IU/mL) and HBsAg negative, accounting for 36.97% of the total number of patients who underwent HBV DNA testing. Anti-HBc positivity was significantly higher than other serologic patterns, and the lowest rate of HBV DNA positivity was found in those who were positive for anti-HBc, anti-HBs and anti-HBe. The lowest male-to-female ratio (1.25:1) was found in patients with both anti-HBc, anti-HBs and anti-HBe positivity, which was significantly lower than that of patients with the other three serologic characteristics (P=0.005). There were no significant differences in age, BMI, AST, ALT, and TBiL levels among patients with different serum characteristics (all P>0.05). The HBV viral load is highest in patients with anti HBc combined with anti HBe positivity, while the HBV viral load is lowest in patients with anti HBc positivity, anti HBs positivity, and all anti HBe positivity (P<0.001). Viral genotypes were predominantly B-type, and there were differences in genotype distribution among the four groups of patients (P<0.001). Conclusion The level of occult HBV infection was high in the adult medical examination population in Zigong region, mostly characterized by anti-HBc positivity, with the lowest male-to-female ratio among patients who were positive for anti-HBc, anti-HBs, and anti-HBe, and the highest HBV viral load among patients who were positive for anti-HBc combined with anti-HBe.

AIM: To investigate the effect of LECs removal on the stability of lens capsule bag in patients with high myopia.

METHODS: From March 2018 to April 2019, 98 cases(120 eyes)of cataract patients with high myopia were treated in Cataract Department of Hebei Province Eye Hospital. They were divided into two groups according to whether the LECs were removed during the operation. In group A, the anterior and posterior capsule were polished in 50 cases(60 eyes), while in group B, 48 cases(60 eyes)were not polished. During the follow-up period we used anterior segment OCT to detect the change of effective intraocular lens position(ELP), the eccentricity of intraocular lens(IOL)and the reduction of anterior capsule opening in the two groups, and used slit lamp to observe the occurrence and degree of PCO.

RESULTS: We compared the changes of ELP(0.16±0.06mm vs 0.55±0.07mm)and the changes of contraction of anterior capsule(0.18 ± 0.16mm vs 0.92 ± 0.13mm)on the first day and three months after operation. Three months after operation, we compared the IOL eccentricity of the two groups(0.02±0.005mm vs 0.69±0.23mm). There were differences between the two groups(P<0.05). At 3mo after operation, the PCO of group A was observed by slit lamp: grade I 4 eyes, grade II 2 eyes, grade III 1 eye. The PCO of group B: grade I 16 eyes, grade II 8 eyes, grade III 4 eyes and grade IV 3 eyes. There was significant difference between the two groups(Z=-4.765, P<0.01).

CONCLUSION: The removal of LECs could reduce the contraction of anterior capsule, decrease the change of ELP and enhance the stability of bag IOL complex, which played a good role in reducing PCO.

AIM: To explore the clinical efficacy of the T-hook pre-chopping combined with capsule fine treatment technology for patients with high myopia and cataract.

METHODS: From March 2016 to February 2019, 56 cases(80 eyes)of cataract patients with high myopia were treated in cataract department of Hebei Province Eye Hospital. They were randomly divided into A and B groups, 40 eyes in each group. Group A underwent T-hook pre-chopping combined with fine capsular treatment. Cataract phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation was purely performed in group B. We compared the cumulative release energy of ultrasound during operation between the two groups. We also observed the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), the amount of contraction of the anterior capsule, the degree of posterior capsule opacification, intraocular lens neutrality and complications for more than 6mo.

RESULTS: The cumulative release energy of ultrasound in group A was less than that in group B(12.23±3.61 vs 20.46±4.61, P<0.01). The best corrected visual acuity of group A was better than that of group B at 6mo after operation(Z=5.328, P=0.002). The changes of anterior capsular contraction and intraocular lens decentration(0.18±0.14, 0.02±0.007mm)were less than those of group B(0.82±0.23, 0.65±0.240mm)(P<0.05). In group A, there were 3mm round holes in the center of the posterior capsule, and the optic axis area remained transparent, while in group B, 13 eyes(32%)had turbid central area of the posterior capsule. In group A, there was no intraoperative posterior capsule rupture or postoperative retinal detachment. In group B, there were 2 eyes(5%)with intraoperative posterior capsule rupture and 1 eye(2%)with postoperative retinal detachment.

CONCLUSION: We used T-hook pre-chopping combined with capsule fine treatment technology to treat cataract with high myopia, which could reduce the use of ultrasound energy during operation, reduce the risk of posterior capsule rupture, effectively avoid the occurrence of posterior cataract, and achieve satisfactory clinical effect.

AIM:To investigate the expression changes and clinical significances of Gas6, SDF-1α and SDF-1β in serum in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR).

METHODS: Totally 113 patients with DR were divided into proliferative group(n=45)and nonproliferative group(n=68). In the same period, 49 cases of patients with non-contracted DR diabetes were selected as the diabetic group and 42 cases of healthy subjects were selected. The indexes of blood glucose, blood lipids and hs-CRP were detected. The expressions of Gas6, SDF-1α and SDF-1β genes in serum were detected by using real-time PCR technology.

RESULTS: The HOMA-IR, TG and hs-CRP in the diabetic group, nonproliferative group and proliferative group gradually increased, the differences were statistically significant(F=39.672, 81.625, 99.872, all P<0.05). The LDL-C in the nonproliferative group and proliferative group were higher than the diabetic group and healthy subjects, while the HDL-C were lower than the diabetic group and the healthy subjects, the differences were statistically significant(F=51.974, 43.824, all P<0.05). The relative expression levels of Gas6 mRNA in proliferative group, nonproliferative group and diabetic group were higher than the healthy subjects; the relative expression levels of SDF-1α mRNA in proliferative group were higher than the nonproliferative group, diabetic group and healthy subjects. The relative expression levels of SDF-1β mRNA in proliferative group and nonproliferative group were higher than the diabetic group and healthy subjects, and the proliferative group were higher than the nonproliferative group, the differences were statistically significant(F=15.381, 21.589, 38.942, all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the relative expression levels of Gas6 mRNA in serum in patients with DR were positively correlated with TG, TC and LDL-C(r=0.228, 0.241, 0.209, all P<0.05), and the relative expression levels of SDF-1α mRNA and SDF-1β mRNA in serum were positively correlated with hs-CRP(r=0.297 and 0.325, all P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: The expression levels of Gas6, SDF-1α and SDF-1β genes in serum in patients with DR are elevated. They might be related to abnormal blood lipid metabolism and inflammatory response.