Objective:To investigate the distribution characteristics of skeletal muscle mass and strength in the older adults over 65 years old in 18 longevity areas in China.Methods:The subjects were selected from the Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study conducted in 18 longevity areas of China. A total of 4 662 older adults over 65 years old from a cross- sectional survey in 2021 were included in the study. The information about their sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, nutrient intake and other factors were collected through questionnaire surveys and physical examinations. Grip strength was measured by using professional electronic grip dynamometer. Total skeletal muscle mass (TSM) was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and TSM was adjusted by height squared and BMI to obtain TSM Ht2 and TSM BMI. The proportion of individuals with low muscle mass and strength was determined according to the recommended method by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Descriptive analysis was conducted on the population and regional distribution characteristics of people with different muscle mass and grip strength. A generalized additive model was used to analyze the age-related trends of muscle mass and grip strength. Results:The age of 4 662 study subjects was (82.69±10.54) years, men accounted for 46.85% (2 184 cases) and Han Chinese accounted for 96.27% (4 488 cases). The M( Q1, Q3) of TSM, TSM Ht2 and TSM BMI in men were 23.30 (20.50, 26.20) kg, 9.02 (8.13, 9.89) kg/m 2, and 1.01 (0.90, 1.13) kg·(kg/m 2) -1, respectively, which were all higher than those in women [TSM: 18.20 (15.70, 20.70) kg, TSM Ht2: 8.18 (7.42, 9.07) kg/m 2 and TSM BMI: 0.79 (0.69, 0.90) kg·(kg/m 2) -1], the differences were significant (all P<0.001). The grip strength of men [ M( Q1, Q3): 24.50 (17.80, 30.80) kg] was higher than that of women [ M( Q1, Q3): 15.60 (11.10, 19.90) kg], the difference was significant ( P<0.001). Southern elderly men had lower TSM and TSM Ht2 compared with northern elderly men (all P<0.001), while there was no significant regional difference in TSM BMI ( P>0.05). Southern elderly women had higher TSM Ht2 and TSM BMI compared with northern elderly women (all P<0.001), while there was no significant regional difference in TSM ( P>0.05). Furthermore, according to the method recommended by AWGS, the elderly with low muscle mass and grip strength were characterized by older age, illiteracy, being unmarried/divorced/widowed, poor chewing ability, impaired activity of daily living and living in southern region. Conclusion:There were population and regional differences in muscle mass and grip strength in the older adults over 65 years in 18 longevity areas of China, and these differences showed decreasing trends with age.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective:To study the factors influencing survival after radical resection in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and to construct a nomogram on survival prediction.Methods:The clinical data of 139 patients with ICC who underwent radical resection at the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There are 69 males and 70 females, aged (59.5±10.2) years old. These patients were divided into two groups based on a 3: 1 ratio by using the random number method: the test group ( n=104) and the validation group ( n=35). Data from the test group was used to construct a nomagram and data from the validation group was used to validate the predictive power of the nomagram. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to analyse factors influencing survival on the test group patients and to construct a nomogram. The predictive accuracy of the nomogram was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves. Results:The results of the multivariate regression analysis showed that a combined hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte and platelet immunoinflammation (HALP) score <37.1 ( HR=1.784, 95% CI: 1.047-3.040), CA19-9 > 35U/ml ( HR=2.352, 95% CI: 1.139-4.857), poorly differentiated tumor ( HR=2.475, 95% CI: 1.237-4.953) and vascular invasion ( HR=1.897, 95% CI: 1.110-3.244) were independent risk factors that affected prognosis of patients with ICC after radical resection (all P<0.05). The AUCs of the nomogram in the test group in predicting the overall survival at 1, 2 and 3 years of patients with ICC after radical resection were 0.808, 0.853 and 0.859, respectively. There was good consistency between the prediction of the nomogram and actual observation. The predicted C-index of the total survival period of the test group was 0.765 (95% CI: 0.704-0.826), and the C-index of the validation group was 0.759 (95% CI: 0.673-0.845). Conclusion:A HALP score <37.1, CA19-9>35 U/ml, poorly differentiated tumour and vascular invasion were independent risk factors for prognosis of ICC patients after radical resection. The nomogram was established based on the above factors and showed good performance in predicting overall survival after radical resection in patients with ICC.

Objective:To investigate the differences in gene expression levels in knee chondrocytes and chondrons in vitro.Methods:The chondrocytes and chondrons were isolated from full thickness of the 8-months ( n=5) rabbit knees cartilage. Chondrons from right knee were enzymatically isolated using 0.3% dispase and 0.2% collagenase-2 with shaking for 3 hours. Chondrocytes were isolated by 0.4% Pronase and 0.025% collagenase-2 from left knee. The mRNA levels in chondrocytes and chondrons were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, including matrix proteins [aggrecan(Agg), collagen(Col-2), Col-6A6, Col-10, Col-11], MMPs and inhibitors (MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3), cytoskeletal proteins (Sox-9, vinculin, tubulin, actin), cytokines (IL-β, TNF-α). Analysis was performed using SPSS 16.0 statistical software, and the two-group comparisons were considered as significant by t-test at P<0.05. Results:Compared to the chondrocytes, the Agg [(5.78±0.90) vs (1.89±0.27), t=9.26, P<0.001], Col-2 [(6.29±0.76) vs (3.06±0.60), t=7.46, P<0.001], Col-6A6 [(0.89±0.18) vs (0.22±0.06), t=7.90, P<0.001], Col-10 [(3.83±0.76) vs (1.00±0.26), t=7.88, P<0.001] and TIMP-1 [(1.98±0.85) vs (1.03±0.34), t=2.32, P=0.049], TIMP-2[(3.46±1.50) vs (1.52±1.06), t=2.36, P=0.046], TIMP-3 [(3.96±0.50) vs (1.36±0.18), t=10.94, P<0.001], Sox-9 [(7.09±2.93) vs (3.24±0.77), t=2.84, P=0.022], vinculin [(3.42±1.69) vs (1.46±0.68), t=2.41, P=0.043], tubulin[(9.34±0.71) vs (2.35±0.80), t=14.61, P<0.001] showed higher expression in the chondrons. Compared to the chondrocytes, the MMP-1 [(1.02±0.30) vs (2.67±0.45), t=6.91, P<0.001], MMP-3 [(1.21±0.32) vs (2.52±0.79), t=3.44, P=0.009], MMP-13 [(1.23±0.34) vs (3.42±0.86), t=5.30, P=0.007], IL-1β [(1.02±0.14) vs (2.70±0.49), t=7.37, P<0.001], TNF-α [(0.99±0.08) vs (3.15±0.54), t=8.85, P<0.001] showed lower expression in the chondrons. There were no difference between chondrons and chondrocytes for Col-11, MMP-9, actin ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The gene expression of extracellular matrix components are higher and the gene expression levels of inflammatory factors and MMPs are decreased in chondrons compared with the chondrocytes, suggesting the chondrons have more multiplication potential as seeding cells for tissue-engineered cartilage.

Objective    To analyze the clinical efficacy of right minithoracotomy approach in the treatment of patients with regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery (LSVS). Methods    The clinical data of 77 patients who suffered tricuspid regurgitation (TR) after LSVS and received surgical treatment in the Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from 2012 to 2019 were selected. According to the operation method, the patients were divided into a right minithoracotomy group (n=32), including 13 (40.6%) males, aged 57.3±5.3 years and a median sternotomy group (n=45), including 17 (37.8%) males, aged 55.7±6.6 years. Preoperative and postoperative clinical data of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results    There was no significant difference in preoperative data between the two groups. There were 24 patients of tricuspid valvuloplasty (TVP) and 8 patients of tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) in the right minithoracotomy group. There were 29 patients of TVP and 16 patients of TVR in the median sternotomy group. The operation time, postoperative hospitalization time, intubation time and ICU stay time of the right minithoracotomy group were shorter than those of the median sternotomy group (P<0.001). The operative bleeding, postoperative drainage in 24 hours, postoperative blood transfusion rate and incision poor healing of the right minithoracotomy group were significantly decreased compared with those of the median sternotomy group (P<0.05). The extracorporeal circulation time between the two groups was not significantly different (P=0.382). The postoperative complications and mortality of the righ minithoracotomy group were significantly lower than those of the median sternotomy group (P<0.05). Conclusion    The procedure of right minithoracotomy access can reduce perioperative morbidity and mortality compared with the median sternotomy, and results in satisfied clinical efficacy.

Objective:To study the stability and influencing factors of potassium iodate iodized salt that can be sold in Jilin Province.Methods:In November 2020, 10 large supermarkets were randomly selected in Jilin Province, and two kinds of potassium iodate iodized salts were randomly selected in each supermarket, with five copies of each kind, a total of 100 samples of iodized salt, and the iodine content was determined by spectrophotometry (iodide-starch blue light method). Iodized salt samples were classified according to different salt species (mine salt, sea salt and lake salt) and different production processes (refined salt and non-refined salt). The salt was stored at room temperature, and the iodine content in the salt was measured at 0, 10 and 20 days after opening the packaging. The iodine content attenuation rates of different salt species and different production processes were compared.Results:The mine salt, sea salt and lake salt in iodized salt samples were 45, 45 and 10 portions, respectively. The iodine contents of the 0th day of storage [(19.89 ± 1.38), (20.62 ± 1.91), (19.78 ± 1.01) mg/kg] were compared, and the difference was not statistically significant ( F = 2.57, P = 0.093). On the 10th day, the iodine content of mine salt was lower than that of sea salt and lake salt, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05); on the 20th day, the iodine content of mine salt was lower than that of sea salt, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the iodine content of mine salt stored at 0, 10 and 20 days ( F = 90.62, P < 0.001). The iodine content of sea salt and lake salt on the 20th day was significantly lower than that on the 0th and 10th day, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The iodine content attenuation rates of mine salt, sea salt and lake salt on the 0 - 10 days was compared with that on the 10 - 20 days, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z = 2.24, 2.94, 2.80, P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the iodine content attenuation rates of mine salt, sea salt and lake salt during the 0 - 10 days of storage ( Z = 24.05, P < 0.001), there was no statistically significant difference in the iodine content attenuation rates on 10 - 20 days ( Z = 5.86, P = 0.053). There was no significant difference in iodine content attenuation rates between refined salt and non-refined salt on 0 - 10, 10 - 20 days ( Z = 1.16, 0.28, P > 0.05). There was no statistical significant difference in the iodine content attenuation rates of refined salt and non-refined salt on the 0 - 10 days compared with those of 10 - 20 days ( Z = 0.76, 1.90, P > 0.05). Conclusions:Iodine loss occurs at 20 days after opening the packaging of iodized salt in Jilin Province. The attenuation of iodine content is less affected by salt species and production processes. It is recommended to eat iodized salt within 20 days after opening the packaging.

Early screening based on computed tomography (CT) pulmonary nodule detection is an important means to reduce lung cancer mortality, and in recent years three dimensional convolutional neural network (3D CNN) has achieved success and continuous development in the field of lung nodule detection. We proposed a pulmonary nodule detection algorithm by using 3D CNN based on a multi-scale attention mechanism. Aiming at the characteristics of different sizes and shapes of lung nodules, we designed a multi-scale feature extraction module to extract the corresponding features of different scales. Through the attention module, the correlation information between the features was mined from both spatial and channel perspectives to strengthen the features. The extracted features entered into a pyramid-similar fusion mechanism, so that the features would contain both deep semantic information and shallow location information, which is more conducive to target positioning and bounding box regression. On representative LUNA16 datasets, compared with other advanced methods, this method significantly improved the detection sensitivity, which can provide theoretical reference for clinical medicine.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*

In order to extract the pulse wave signal of blood volume effectively in the case of uneven light, a light-adaptive heart rate detection method based on webcam was proposed. In this method, adaptive gamma transform is applied to face image sequence to eliminate the influence of illumination. The pulse wave source signal was extracted from the forehead area and the blood volume pulse wave was obtained by wavelet filtering. The heart rate is estimated by Fourier transform analysis. The Bland-Altman analysis indicates that the method used in this paper is in good agreement with the measurement results of the electronic sphygmomanometer, and the adaptive gamma transformation used in this paper eliminates the influence of light interference, and the measurement error of heart rate is significantly reduced, which is completely able to meet the requirements of daily heart rate monitoring.
Algorithms ; Blood Volume ; Face ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Internet ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Video Recording

Objective To investigate the optimal centrifugation conditions for preparation of rat and mouse platelet rich plasma (PRP) by single centrifugation.Methods Arterial blood of rats and mice by femoral artery cannulation and cardiac puncture were obtained respectively, anticoagulation with 14％CPDA-1, while white blood cells in the blood were filtered out.Then the blood was divided into sterile EP tubes, while PRP was prepared by centrifugation in different conditions (the centrifugal force was 300×g-600×g, and the centrifugal time was 4-12min).The number of blood cells of the anticoagulant whole blood, the leukocyte-depleted blood sample and PRP were counted by hematology analyzer, and platelet recovery rates were compared between different methods.Results The platelet recovery rate was highest when the blood samples of rats and mice were centrifuged at 400×g and 300×g for 8min respectively.Conclusion It is a key to prepare PRP by single centrifugation that selecting the appropriate centrifugal force and time and reaching a critical state before the formation of the buffy coat.