Objective To evaluate the accuracy of dose-length product (DLP) values in CT dose reports by comparing them with the DLP values measured using a pencil-type ionization chamber. Methods Experiments were conducted using four CT scanners with different detector row numbers from two manufacturers (A and B), along with a head phantom and a pencil-type ionization chamber. Other scanning parameters were fixed, while pairwise combinations of kV and mAs were tested. The DLP values were measured under various scanning conditions using the pencil-type ionization chamber (DLP_measured) and the corresponding DLP values in CT dose reports were recorded (DLP_reported). All data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results Differences were observed between DLP_reported and DLP_measured values. The smallest mean absolute value of ΔDLP was approximately 2.526 mGy·cm observed on the 40-row CT scanner of manufacturer A. There was a difference between the ΔDLPs of the four CT scanners. Both DLP_reported and DLP_measured exhibited a linear relationship with mAs. Conclusion The percentage errors between DLP_reported and DLP_measured values for all four CT scanners were within the national standard tolerance of 15%. DLP values in CT dose reports can serve as a reference for assessing patient radiation dose during scanning. However, for radiation dose-related research, data measured using dosimetric instruments such as pencil-type ionization chamber are recommended.

The life safety and quality of life of elderly patients with hip fractures face great threat due to the particularity of fracture site. Elderly patients with hip fracture are often complicated with a variety of basic medical diseases, thus the perioperative management and comprehensive treatment are relatively complex and diverse, and surgical treatment is only one of the links. With the deepening understanding of senile hip fractures, we increasingly realized that the comprehensive management of senile hip fractures should focus on prevention. Combined with the conception and connotation of tertiary-prevention in preventive medicine, this review summarize the common etiology and preventive measures of senile hip fractures, the application of intelligent devices for fall prevention and monitoring, the green channel for hip fracture patient admission, the management mode of the comprehensive geriatric ward based on multi-disciplinary team, the evolution of surgical methods, and the perioperative comprehensive treatments, which in order to provide reference for medical and health workers to reduce the incidence and improve the treatment effects and prognosis of the senile hip fracture via multifaceted and systematic prevention and treatment measures.

Objective To determine the content of paeoniflorin in Fuzhengpingxiao capsule by HPLC method .Methods The content of paeoniflorin were determined by HPLC ,and the column was an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column (150 mm × 4 .6 mm ,5 μm);The mobile phase was acetonitrile and 5 mmol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate (10:90) ,and the flow rate was set at 1 ml/min .Column temperature was 25°C ,detection wavelength was 230 nm ,injection volume was 10 μl ,and running time was 25 min .Results Paeoniflorin was linear (r=0 .9999) in the concentration of 25 .0-500 .0 μg/ml ,the linear equation was Y=12 .65 X +43 .54 ,and the average recovery was 92 .69％ with RSD value was 1 .77％ .Conclusion The method was easy to operate ,reliable and reproducible ,which could be used in the determination of paeoniflorin in FuzhengPingxiao capsule .

Objective:To study the potential effects of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) on clinical efficacy,oral mucosa reaction and immunological foundation;and to explore the effect of immunological changes on clinical efficacy and oral mucosa reaction in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods:A total of 200 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma,who came from First Department of Nasopharyngeal Radiotherapy,the First People's Hospital of Foshan from October 2008 to November 2011,were selected.The patients were treated with nasopharyngeal radiotherapy,and divided into an observation group and a control group (n=100 in each group).The control group underwent common conventional two-dimensional radiotherapy treatment,while the observation group underwent IMRT.The 5-year survival rates and recurrence rates were recorded at follow-up.After the radiotherapy,the oral mucosa in the patients were evaluated by the classification standard of acute radioactive mucositis by American Radiotherapy Oncology Group (RTOG),and the number of T lymphocyte subsets before and after treatment was detected.Results:There were significant difference in non-regional-recurrence survival rate,disease-free survival rate,local recurrence rate between the above 2 groups (all P＜0.05),but no significant difference in the distant metastasis-free survival rate (P＞0.05).The acute oral mucosa reactions of grade 1,2,3,4 in the control group were 8.00％,20.00％,12.00％,7.00％,respectively,and those were 7.00％,22.00％,15.00％,1.00％ respectively.There was no significant difference in the acute response of oral mucosa in grade 1,2 and 3 in the 2 groups (all P＞0.05),but there was significant difference in the grade 4 (P＜0.05).There were significantly difference in CD8+,CD4+/CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets before and after treatment in the above 2 groups (all P＜0.01);there were also significantly difference after treatment between the observation group and the control group (all P＜0.01).Conclusion:In the process of treatment in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma,the use of IMRT on the basis of chemotherapy is more effective than the conventional two-dimensional radiotherapy,which can reduce the proportion of grade 4 (severe) acute oral mucosa reaction.It may be related to the protective effect of IMRT on immune function in the patients.

Objective To explore the effects of different hemodialysis ways on insulin resistance (IR) in non-diabetic renal disease patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Methods A total of 101 cases of non-diabetic renal disease patients with maintenance hemodialysis in Xuzhou Central Hospital from January 2014 to January 2015 were selected and divided into three groups:high-flux hemodialysis (HFHD) group,low-flux hemodialysis (LFHD) group and hemodialysis filtration (HDF) group.Patients in the three study groups were treated with HFHD,LFHD and HDF,respectively.After 6 months of hemodialysis treatment,clinical data and biochemical indicators were compared among the three groups,and Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the correlated factors of homeostasis model insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR).Results The levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the HDF group and HFHD group were significantly lower than that in the LFHD group (P＜0.05),while the urea clearance index (Kt/V) values were significantly higher than that in the LFHD group (P＜ 0.05).The β2-microglobulin (β2-MG),fasting insulin (FINS) levels and HOMR-IR in the HDL group were significantly lower than those in the HFHD group and LFHD group (P＜0.05),and β2-MG clearance rate (β2-MGCR) in the HDF group was significantly higher than that in the HFHD group and LFHD group (P＜0.001).Pearson correlation analysis showed that HOMA-IR was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.346,P=0.014),and was negatively correlated with β2-MGCR and HDL-C (r=-0.412,P=0.002;r=-0.204,P=0.042).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI and HDF were independent factors affecting HOMA-IR values (OR=1.538,95％CI 1.364-1.759,P=0.021;OR=0.137,95％CI 0.045-0.632,P=0.012).Conclusion Compared with HFHD and LFHD,HDF can alleviate IR in non-diabetic renal disease patients with maintenance hemodialysis,which is of great significance for clinical treatment.

Objective To explore the influence of high flux hemodialysis (HFHD) and hemodialysis filtration (HDF) on the dialysis effect and patients mortality in the patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD).Methods One hundred and twenty-two patients with ESRD in our hospitals were selected and respectively adopted HFHD (HFHD group,62 cases) and HDF (HDF group,60 cases) for conducting the dialysis therapy.The serum indexes before and after treatment were detected and compared between the two groups.Results Compared with before treatment,the level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN),blood uric acid (BUA),serum creatinine (Scr),blood phosphorus (P),parathyroid hormone (PTH),β2 microglobulin (β2-MG) and cysteine protease inhibitors (Cys-C) after treatment in the two groups were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The clearance rates of P,PTH and Cys-C in the HFHD group were significantly higher than those in the HDF group(t=2.479,t=1.834,t=1.512,P＜0.05).The mortality after an average follow-up of (12.2 ± 3.7) months had statistical difference between the two groups,the mortality rate in the HDF group was significantly higher than that in the HFHD group (P＜ 0.05).The multivariate Cox regression analysis results showed that the HFHD was an important factor affecting death in ESRD patient (HR =0.50,95 ％ CI:0.33-0.84,P =0.009).Conclusion HFHD has more significant effect for clearing P,PTH,β2-MG and Cys-C than HDF in ESRD patients,moreover can reduces their mortality.

Abscess ; pathology ; Breast ; pathology ; Esophagus ; pathology ; surgery ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Neck ; pathology ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Recurrence

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of maximum diameter in axial plane of primary tumor (MDAPPT) on MRI in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods From 2005 to 2007,333 patients with newly diagnosed and biopsy-proven NPC without distant metastasis,who underwent MRI scans of the nasopharynx and neck,were included in our study.MDAPPT was measured on MRI.The univariate analysis with the log-rank test and multivariate analysis with the Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze the relationship between MDAPPT and prognosis.Results The median values of MDAPPT in patients with T1,T2,T3,and T4 NPC were 21.2,30.0,38.0,and 52.3 mm,respectively.For all patients with a MDAPPT of ≤30 mm,＞ 30-50 mm,and ＞ 50 mm,the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 81.3％,70.1％,and 51.5％,respectively (P =0.000) ; the 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 81.3％,70.0％,and 48.9％,respectively (P =0.000) ;the 5-year distant metastasisfree survival (DMFS) rates were 85.5 ％,86.5 ％,and 67.2 ％,respectively (P =0.000) ; the 5-year local relapse-free survival (LRFS) rates were 97.7％,91.5％,and 83.3％,respectively (P =0.013).The multivariate analysis showed that MDAPPT was a prognostic factor for PFS and DMFS.For the T3-T4 patients with a MDAPPT of ≤50 mm and ＞50 mm,the 5-year OS rates were 69.4％ and 52.2％ (P =0.004),the 5-year PFS rates were 68.0％ and 49.6％ (P =0.001),and the 5-year DMFS rates were 84.0％ and 66.8％ (P=0.001).In the patients with a MDAPPT ≤30 mm,the 5-year LRFS rates for those with T1,T2,T3,and T4 NPC were 10 0 ％,9 5.8 ％,9 6.3 ％,and 10 0 ％,respectively (P =0.6 4 3).Conclusions MDAPPT is a prognostic factor for PFS and DMFS in NPC,and it is an important prognostic factor in patients with T3-T4 NPC.In the NPC patients with a small MDAPPT,local control rate varies little in different T stages.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic impact of MRI-detected prevertebral space involvement in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 333 patients who had newly diagnosed biopsyproven NPC without distant metastasis from 2005 to 2007.All patients underwent MRI scans of the nasopharynx and neck and were treated with two-and three-dimensional radiotherapy without or without chemotherapy.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate overall survival (OS),distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS),and locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS),and the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis;the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to assess the prognostic value of prevertebral space involvement.Results The follow-up rate was 95.2％.Prevertebral space involvement was seen in 139(41.7％) of these patients.The patients with prevertebral space involvement had significantly higher T stage and clinical stage than those without prevertebral space involvement (x2 =90.41,P =0.000;x2 =54.03,P =0.000).The 5-year OS,DMFS,and LRFS for NPC patients with and without prevertebral space involvement were 58.8％ vs.77.5％ (x2 =11.95,P =0.000),77.8％ vs.85.0％(x2=2.56,P=0.110),and 88.3％ vs.91.8％ (x2=1.51,P=0.220),respectively.After adjusting for N stage,a significant difference was still seen between the two groups with regard to 5-year OS (x2 =9.93,P =0.002).The multivariate analysis showed that prevertebral space involvement was not the independent prognostic factor for OS,DMFS,and LRFS (x2 =0.43,P =0.512 ; x2 =0.08,P =0.783 ; x2 =0.00,P =0.971).Conclusions The frequency of prevertebral space involvement is very high in NPC.The OS for the patients with prevertebral space involvement is significantly lower than those without prevertebral space involvement.But prevertebral space involvement is not the independent prognostic factor in NPC patients.

OBJECTIVE: Dihydroartemisinin is a traditional anti-malarial drug, a derivative of the artemisinin, it has anti-tumor activity of a variety of tumor cells. This study investigated the effect of growth inhibition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells line CNE-2 induced by dihydroartemisinin and its possible mechanism. METHOD: The effect of DHA on the cell proliferation of CNE-2 was detected by CCK-8 assay with different concentrations and time. The effects of DHA on the cell apoptosis of CNE-2 were detected by Annexin V-FITC assay through flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity assay. RESULT: CCK-8 experimental results show that CNE-2 cell proliferation was suppressed with DHA treatment, as compared with the control group. DHA could induce marked apoptosis in CNE-2 by apoptosis assay, as compared with the control group, The percentages of apoptotic cells increased along with the increase of DHA concentrations in CNE-2; The activity of caspase-3 was increased following DHA treatment in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION DHA could effectively inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells line CNE-2, the possible mechanism DHA induce apoptosis of CNE-2 cells by upregulating the expression of caspase-3.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Artemisinins ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology