Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of different diameter covered stents used in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for esophagogastric varices with bleeding (EGVB). Methods The clinical data of 68 patients with portal hypertension due to cirrhosis, who received TIPS for EGVB during the period from Desember 2010 to February 2015, were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 68 patients, covered stent with diameter of 7mm was used in 30 (small stent group) and covered stent with diameter of 8mm was employed in 38 (big stent group). Using Kaplan-Meier method, the cumulative digestive tract no-rebleeding rate, the patency rate of shunt and the survival rate of both groups were analyzed. Logrank test was used to make comparison between the two groups, and chi-square test was conducted to compare the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy between the two groups. Results The operative success rate was 100％ in 68 patients. The patients were followed up for 0.1-52.3 months, with a mean of (19.4±16.0) months. The 3-, 6-and 12-month cumulative digestive tract no-rebleeding rates were 86.54％, 79.30％ and 74.90％ respectively in the small stent group, which were 91.87％, 85.93％ and 81.63％ respectively in the big stent group, but the differences between the two groups were not statistically significantly (X2=0.05, P=0.83). The 3-, 6-and 12-month cumulative patency rates of shunt in the small stent group were 95.00％, 80.19％ and 70.17％ respectively, which in the big stent group were 96.15％, 91.97％ and 81.07％ respectively, and no statistically significant differences existed between the two groups (X2=0.40, P=0.53). The 3-, 12-, 24-and 48-month cumulative survival rates in the small stent group were 93.33％, 86.67％, 75.11％ and64.38％ respectively, while those in the big stent group were 97.37％, 94.23％, 88.68％ and 76.02％ respectively, and the differences between the two groups were not statistically significantly (X2=2.21, P=0.14). Postoperative hepatic encephalopathy occurred in 15 patients (15/68, 22.06％), the incidences of hepatic encephalopathy in the small stent group and in the big stent group were 20.00％ (6/30) and 23.68％ (9/38) respectively, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significantly (X2=0.13, P=0.72). Conclusion Compared with the use of 7mm covered stent, the use of 8mm covered stent in TIPS neither can improve the curative effect nor can reduce the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of transjugular intrahepatic portasystemic shunt (TIPS) with Viatorr covered stent in patients with portal hypertension-related complications.Methods Clinical data of 8 patients with por-tal hypertension-related complications were analyzed retrospectively.All the cases received TIPS with Viatorr covered stent.After the operation,the followed up was used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of TIPS by enhanced CT scan.Results All the operations of TIPS were technically successful.And all the cases were treated with Viatorr covered stents with diameter of 8 mm and covered segment length of 50-80 mm.For 1 case with cavernous transformation of portal vein,a 8 mm×40 mm E-Luminexx bare stent was implanted in the portal vein side.For 1 case with hepatic vein stenosis,a 8 mm× 40 mm Fluency covered stent was implanted in the hepatic vein side.After the operation,the portal pressure reduced from (33.08 [29.32,40.22])mmHg (preoperative) to (23.31 [21.43,26.51])mmHg (postoperative) with statistical difference (Z=-2.52,P=0.012).The patients were followed up for 1.1-7.7 months,and all the patients were alive without complications of portal hypertension.There were 2 cases with mild hepatic encephalopathy after operation.During the reexamination time of 1-7.7 months,all TIPS shunts remained patency.Conclusion TIPS with Viatorr stent is a safe and effective treatment for patients with portal hypertension-related complications.

Objective To evaluate the treatment effect of balloon angioplasty and cryoplasty on iliac artery stenosis in canine model.Methods Canine models of iliac artery stenosis were established with surgical ligation and transfixion.Models were randomly divided into two groups:iliac artery stenosis treated by cryoplasty (n =8) and by balloon angioplasty (n =8).The degree of iliac artery stenosis of two model groups was assessed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) immediately and two weeks after the angioplasties.Then all the dogs were executed for pathological observation of the target vessels.Results Sixteen canine models of iliac artery stenosis were established by surgical ligation and transfixion method with 100％ success rate.DSA showed there was (45 ± 12)％ of residual artery stenosis in the cryoplasty group immediately after surgery,while it was (39-12)％ in the balloon angioplasty group,and there was no significant difference between them(t =3.183,P ＞ 0.05).The artery stenosis of cryoplasty group was (48 ± 17) ％ after two weeks and not significantly different from that after surgery immediately (t =-1.271,P ＞ 0.05).The artery stenosis of balloon angioplasty group was (67 ± 13)％ after two weeks,and it was significantly higher compared with at after surgery immediately (t =-6.666,P ＜ 0.01).The degree of vascular stenosis in balloon angioplasty group was severer than that in cryoplasty group two weeks after angiography(P =0.041).The pathological examination showed artery intimal hyperplasia in cryoplasty group was milder than that in balloon angioplasty group and neointimal content of collagen in cryoplasty group was less than that in balloon angioplasty group.Conclusions The animal models of iliac artery stenosis were established successfully with surgical ligation and transfixion by damaging the intima and media of arterial wall.Compared with balloon angioplasty,the cryoplasty was able to inhibit proliferation of intimal and reduce collagen synthesis to prevent the iliac artery restenosis.

This study was aimed to acquire the dynamic changes of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside of honeysuckle at different collecting periods in order to decide the best harvesting time of honeysuckle in Donghai County, Jiangsu Province. The content determination method used in the detection of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside of honeysuckle was from the 2010 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The skills of HPLC fingerprint characteristic features, and the yield of pressed flowers were combined in the evaluation of honeysuckle at the three-green period, two-white pe-riod, great-white period, silver-flower period and the golden-flower period. The results showed that the content of honeysuckle at different blossoming stages had obvious changes in content of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside, as well as the pressed flower quality and yield of the flower. It was concluded that the optimal harvest time of honey-suckle was for the two-white period and the great-white period, which was consistent with the real origin.

Objective To study the effect of low frequency on drug release from improved PLGA microcapsules, and investigate the possibility of utilizing PLGA microcapsules as the carrier of ultrasound targeted drug delivery system to deliver drug into brain. Methods Doxorubicin loaded poly (D,L lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microcapsules were prepared via double emulsion solvent evaporate method and coated with either chitosan or gelatin. In vitro drug release profile and the drug release rate under the exposure of low frequency pulsed ultrasound (25 kHz) and continuous wave ultrasound (35.1 kHz) were assayed. Results The coating with chitosan or gelatin can depress the burst of drug release. The drug release rate from uncoated and chitosan-coated microcapsules did not changed with the exposure of ultrasound, and the rate of gelatin-coated microcapsules did increased. The effect of pulsed ultrasound was stronger than that of continuous ultrasound. Conclusion The drug release from gelatin-coated PLGA microcapsules can be controlled and triggered by 25 kHz pulsed ultrasound, which may be a potent carrier of targeting drugs into brain.

OBJECTIVE:To study the antihepatocarcinoma activity and toxicity of Aclacimomycin-A solid lipids nanoparticle for injection(ACM-SLN)in nude mice in vivo with ACM for injection as the reference preparation.METHODS:The nude mice were divided into control group,ACM group and ACM-SLN group after tumor transplantation,which were injected with the corresponding medicine before the tumor-inhibition rates of which were calculated,which were then injected with ACM and ACM-SLN,respectively before the LD50 of mice were calculated.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the tumor inhibition rates of ACM-SLN group and ACM group were 78.4%and 38.8%,respectively,the LD50 of which were 16.3 mg/kg and 18.0mg/kg,respectively.CONCLUSION:The ACM-SLN is superior to ACM in terms of the anti-tumor effect while without the increase of toxicity.

OBJECTIVETo determine the economic effects on the prevention of dental fear (DF) by pre-operation-education or local anesthesia method during the process of tooth filling.

METHODSOne hundred and fifty school children of age 7 to 12, participating in this study, suffered from occlusal caries on their mandibular first molars. They were divided into 3 groups, with 25 boys and 25 girls each. Group A (pre-operation-education) was showed video tape on caries to, familiarized with clinic environment, including dental chairs and instruments; Group B (local anesthesia) received injection of 1.8 ml of 2% lidocaine for local anesthesia about 15 minutes before treatment; Group C (blank) received no intervention for DF. Thereafter, all subjects received same filling treatment. During that process, each DF case was evaluated blindly based on Venham's clinical ratings of anxiety and cooperation. Cost-minimization analysis was then studied.

RESULTSSignificant difference was found between groups, but not between group A and B in DF rate (5/50, 9/50 and 21/50, chi(2) = 15.503 1, P = 0.000 4). The costs of each case in 3 groups were 83.99 Yuan, 87.09 Yuan and 87.76 Yuan respectively.

CONCLUSIONBetween pre-operation-education and local anesthesia methods, the former was worth promoted for it's better clinical effect in DF prevention with lower cost.

Child ; Dental Anxiety ; economics ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Dental Caries ; therapy ; Dental Cavity Preparation ; economics ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male

Objective To investigate the effect of salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) on the expression of Bcl 2?Bax and hepatocyte apoptosis in hepatic preservation and reperfusion in a murine model.Methods The model of the preservation reperfusion of isolated rat liver was established. Bcl 2?Bax expression of the liver tissue and hepatocyte apoptosis were studied respectively by flow cytometry and in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP FITC nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique. Results In SM treated group levels of Bcl 2 expression was significantly increased ( P

OBJECTIVE:To establish a GC-MS assay for determination of the contents of phenol and menthol in calamine and menthol lotion.METHODS:Using DM-5elastic quartz capillary as separation column,I-octanol as internal standard,phenol and menthol were detected separately under the70℃～150℃step-up hyperthermic condition to select the ion fragment peaks with M/Z of94and71.RESULTS:Phenol and menthol were good linear within1.092～21.840?g/ml(r=0.9998)and1.194～9.552?g/ml(r=0.9999).Recoveries were100.2%(RSD=1.34%)and100.4%(RSD=0.74%)respective?ly.CONCLUSION:The method is quick and accurate with highly repeatability and specificity and it is adequate for contents determination and quality control for this preparation.

Objective: To develop a method to determine Astragaloside IV in spray-dry of Radix Astragali by HPLC-ELSD. Methods: ELSD was used to determine directly Astragaloside IV in spray-dry of Radix Astragali on Elite-OSD column, using CH 3CN-H 2O(36∶64) as a mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. The temperature of drift tube for ELSD was 105 ?C and the flow rate of N 2 was 2.84 ml/min. Results: The recovery of the added sample was 91.68% and RSD 1.64%. Soluble amylum was helpful for spray-dry but it can influence was determination of Astragaloside IV. Conclusion: The method is accurate and can be used in the determination of Astragaloside IV in spray-dry of Radix Astragali. Better adjuvant should be found.