To explore the effects of different exercise prescriptions on glycemic metabolism in East Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to compare the differences in the impact of population characteristics and exercise components on glycemic metabolism.

Objective To explore the application of plasma 7 microRNA (miR7) testing in the differential diagnosis of very early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods This study is a multicenter real-world study. Patients with single hepatic lesion (maximum diameter≤2 cm) who underwent plasma miR7 testing at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Anhui Provincial Hospital, and Peking University People’s Hospital between January 2019 and December 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into very early-stage HCC group and non-HCC group, and the clinical pathological characteristics of the two groups were compared. The value of plasma miR7 levels, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) in the differential diagnosis of very early-stage HCC was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC). In patients with both negative AFP and DCP (AFP＜20 ng/mL, DCP＜40 mAU/mL), the diagnostic value of plasma miR7 for very early-stage HCC was analyzed. Results A total of 64 528 patients from 4 hospitals underwent miR7 testing, and 1 682 were finally included, of which 1 073 were diagnosed with very early-stage HCC and 609 were diagnosed with non-HCC. The positive rate of miR7 in HCC patients was significantly higher than that in non-HCC patients (67.9% vs 24.3%, P＜0.001). ROC curves showed that the AUCs for miR7, AFP, and DCP in distinguishing HCC patients from the non-HCC individuals were 0.718, 0.682, and 0.642, respectively. The sensitivities were 67.85%, 43.71%, and 44.45%, and the specificities were 75.70%, 92.78%, and 83.91%, respectively. The pairwise comparison of AUCs showed that the diagnostic efficacy of plasma miR7 detection was significantly better than that of AFP or DCP (P＜0.05). Although its specificity was slightly lower than AFP and DCP, the sensitivity was significantly higher. Among patients negative for both AFP and DCP, miR7 maintained an AUC of 0.728 for diagnosing very early-stage HCC, with 67.82% sensitivity and 77.73% specificity. Conclusions Plasma miR7 testing is a potential molecular marker with high sensitivity and specificity for the differential diagnosis of small hepatic nodules. In patients with very early-stage HCC lacking effective molecular markers (negative for both AFP and DCP), miR7 can serve as a novel and effective molecular marker to assist diagnosis.

Humans ; Amyloidosis ; Amyloid ; Cardiomyopathies

Objective sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on outpatients in two hospitals in Guangdong province in order to evaluate patients’ satisfaction with the quality of medical service. This paper explored the factors that affect patients’ evaluation of medical service quality, and found that patients’ age was negatively correlated with the evaluation of medical service quality. It is suggested that the establishment of friendly medical institutions should be carried out according to the national policy. At the same time, the management mechanism of hospital should be improved, the number of medical service centers for "efficient" should be increased, and the medical service personnel should be regularly trained; carry out medical knowledge education in community, improve the popularization of personal medical knowledge and close the cognitive gap between doctors and patients.

Aim To investigate the regulatory role and mechanism of resveratrol in inhibiting autophagy and promoting apoptosis in choroidal melanoma cells. Methods Choroidal melanoma cells (MUM2B) were divided into control and experimental groups, and treated with different concentrations of resveratrol (0, 10, 20,40,60,80 μmol ·L

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of serum sIgE antibodies against four allergenic protein components of egg white in children with egg allergy,and then clarify the clinical application value of single component-resolved diagnostics of egg allergy.Methods Serum samples from 197 children with egg allergy were collected.The levels of serum sIgE antibodies against four major allergenic protein components of egg white,including ovomucin,ovalbumin,ovotransferrin,and lysozyme,were detected by the light-excited chemiluminescence assay(LiCA),and the distribution characteristics of sIgE antibodies were analyzed.Results The positive rates of serum sIgE antibodies against ovalbumin,ovomucin,ovotransferrin,and lysozyme in 197 chlidren with egg allergy were 77.16%(152/197),70.56%(139/197),35.02%(69/197),and 18.27%(36/197),respectively.The positive rate of serum sIgE antibody against both ovomucin and ovalbumin was 30.45%.There was a weak correlation between the levels of sIgE antibodies against egg and the cumulative levels of sIgE antibodies against four allergenic protein components(r=0.266 8,P＜0.05).There were signifi-cant individual differences in the levels of serum sIgE antibodies against four allergenic protein components of egg white in the children with egg allergy.Conclusion There is individual heterogeneity in the levels of serum sIgE antibodies against four components of egg white in the children with egg allergy.The detection of sIgE antibodies against egg white components can distinguish different forms of egg allergies,which is of great value for the accurate diagnosis and precise desensitization of children's egg allergy.

Objective To analyze the predictive value of serum levels of procalcitonin(PCT)and cytokines on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19 at admission.Methods From November 2022 to February 2023,patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were admitted to Beijing Chest Hospital were enrolled.Chemiluminescence was used to detect serum PCT levels,and flow microsphere array was used to detect serum cytokines IL-1β,IL-2,IL-4,IL-5,IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,IL-12p70,IL-17A,IL-17F,IL-22,TNF-α,TNF-β,IFN-γ level.ICU admission,mechanical ventilation and in-hospital death were defined as poor prognosis.After excluding patients with bacterial infection,the relationship between serum PCT and cytokine levels at admission and the prognosis of COVID-19 patients was analyzed.After excluding patients with bacterial infection,the relationship between serum PCT and cytokine levels at admission and the prognosis of COVID-19 patients was analyzed.Results A total of 176 patients with complete data were included,including 134 in the PCT-normal group and 42 in the PCT-elevated group,with a median age of 71.50 years and 71.59%males.Patients in the PCT elevated-group had significantly higher rates of ICU admission(38.41%vs.13.11%,P<0.05),mechanical ventilation(76.92%vs.24.59%,P<0.001)and in-hospital mortality(38.46%vs.6.56%,P<0.001)were significantly higher than those in the PCT-normal group.Serum levels of cytokines IL-6(7.40 pg/mL vs.4.78 pg/mL,P = 0.033 4)and IL-8(10.97 pg/mL vs.5.92 pg/mL,P<0.001)were significantly higher in patients with poor prognosis than in those with good prognosis.The area under the curve for PCT,IL-6,and IL-8 to predict poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients was 0.687,0.660,and 0.746,respectively;sensitivity was 52.78%,55.17%,and 72.41%,respectively;and specificity was 81.58%,74.19%,and 74.19%,respectively,as calculated from the ROC curve.When PCT,IL-6 and IL-8 jointly predict the prognosis of COVID-19 patients,the area under the curve is 0.764,the sensitivity is 70.00%,and the specificity is 80.00%.Conclusion Serum PCT and cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 could be used as predictive markers for poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19.

Objective To explore the clinical value of methylation at promoter sites of urine protein kinase Y-linked(PRKY)gene in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer(PCa).Methods Urine samples were collected from 50 suspected PCa patients.After extracting DNA,the methylation levels of the PRKY gene promoter sites cg05163709,cg08045599,and cg05618150 were detected using quantitative methylation-specific PCR(qMSP).Simultaneously,the patients were divided into the benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)group and the PCa group.The differences in clinical indicators between the two groups were analyzed,as well as the methylation status of the PRKY gene promoter sites in the urine of the two groups of patients.The receiver operating charac-teristic(ROC)curve of PRKY promoter sites methylation was established,and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to analyze the diagnostic value of PRKY promoter sites methylation in PCa,and to perform com-bined diagnosis with clinical indicators.Results The methylation rates of cg05163709 and cg05618150 in urine specimens of PCa patients were significantly higher than those of BPH patients.The AUC for cg05163709 methyla-tion in diagnosing PCa was 0.762,with a sensitivity of 86.70%.It showed better performance in early screening for PCa compared to total prostate specific antigen(tPSA),percentage free prostate specific antigen(f/tPSA)and prostate specific antigen density(PSAD)index.We found that the AUC for cg05618150 methylation in conjunc-tion with PSAD in diagnosing PCa was 0.787,with a sensitivity of 86.70%.The AUC of cg05163709 methylation and PSAD in the joint diagnosis of PCa was 0.855,and the specificity could reach 95.00%.Conclusion The methylation of urine PRKY gene promoter sites cg05163709 and cg05618150 shows high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing PCa,making them promising biomarkers for early detection of PCa.

Objective:To study the current status of longitudinal extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) in extremely preterm infants (EPIs) and to develop a prediction model based on clinical data from multiple NICUs.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2018, EPIs admitted to 32 NICUs in North China were retrospectively studied. Their general conditions, nutritional support, complications during hospitalization and weight changes were reviewed. Weight loss between birth and discharge > 1SD was defined as longitudinal EUGR. The EPIs were assigned into longitudinal EUGR group and non-EUGR group and their nutritional support and weight changes were compared. The EPIs were randomly assigned into the training dataset and the validation dataset with a ratio of 7∶3. Univariate Cox regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were used in the training dataset to select the independent predictive factors. The best-fitting Nomogram model predicting longitudinal EUGR was established based on Akaike Information Criterion. The model was evaluated for discrimination efficacy, calibration and clinical decision curve analysis.Results:A total of 436 EPIs were included in this study, with a mean gestational age of (26.9±0.9) weeks and a birth weight of (989±171) g. The incidence of longitudinal EUGR was 82.3%(359/436). Seven variables (birth weight Z-score, weight loss, weight growth velocity, the proportion of breast milk ≥75% within 3 d before discharge, invasive mechanical ventilation ≥7 d, maternal antenatal corticosteroids use and bronchopulmonary dysplasia) were selected to establish the prediction model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the training dataset and the validation dataset were 0.870 (95% CI 0.820-0.920) and 0.879 (95% CI 0.815-0.942), suggesting good discrimination efficacy. The calibration curve indicated a good fit of the model ( P>0.05). The decision curve analysis showed positive net benefits at all thresholds. Conclusions:Currently, EPIs have a high incidence of longitudinal EUGR. The prediction model is helpful for early identification and intervention for EPIs with higher risks of longitudinal EUGR. It is necessary to expand the sample size and conduct prospective studies to optimize and validate the prediction model in the future.

AIM:Using bioinformatics analysis and experiment validation to explore the differential expres-sion genes related to abnormal lipid metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and the molecular mechanism of pachymaran affecting pyroptosis through squalene epoxidase(SQLE)/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like re-ceptor protein 3(NLRP3)/gasdermin D(GSDMD)signaling pathway.METHODS:(1)The GEO,GSEA,DAVID,STRING and GEPIA databases were employed to screen abnormal lipid metabolism-related differentially expressed genes in HCC.(2)The tumor tissues from HCC patients(n=9)were collected to verify the differential expression of SQLE.(3)The inhibitory effect of pachymaran on the viability of human HCC cell line HepG2 was measured by CCK-8 assay.(4)The HepG2 cells were divided into control group and pachymaran(800 mg/L)group.The cell migration was analyzed by wound-healing assay,and RT-qPCR was used to measure SQLE mRNA expression.(5)The HepG2 cells with overexpres-sion of SQLE(OE-SQLE)were divided into 5 groups as follows:control group,overexpression negative control(OE-NC)group,OE-SQLE group,OE-NC+pachymaran group,and OE-SQLE+pachymaran group.The mRNA and protein expres-sion levels of SQLE and pyroptosis-related factors were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot.Colorimetric method and ELISA were used to measure lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and IL-18 levels.The necrosis of HepG2 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS:The SQLE gene was screened through bioinformatics analysis,and its mRNA expression was significantly increased in tumor tissues from HCC patients(P＜0.01).In cell experiments,treatment with 800 mg/L pachymaran for 48 h had a significant inhibitory effect on HepG2 cell viability,and the expres-sion of SQLE mRNA was reduced(P＜0.01).After overexpression of SQLE,the mRNA and protein levels of pyroptosis-re-lated factors,necrotic rate,and LDH,IL-1β and IL-18 levels were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).After treatment with pachymaran,the above indicators were significantly increased(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:The SQLE is abnormal-ly highly expressed in HCC,and pachymaran can affect the growth of HCC cells by activating the NLRP3/GSDMD pyropto-sis pathway through SQLE.