Background The positive rate of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among coal mine workers remains high, which seriously affects the quality of life of the workers. Objective To estimate the prevalence of WMSDs among coal miners in Shanxi Province and analyze their influencing factors. Methods From May to December 2023, 2315 coal miners from a coal mine enterprise inShanxi Province were selected by convenience sampling, and the self-administered Basic Situation Survey Scale, Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire, Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale were used to evaluate general demographic characteristics, work organization characteristics, living habits, sleep quality, occupational stress, and occurrence of WMSDs symptoms and the corresponding absences (sickness absence) in past 1 year. The positive rate and absenteeism rate of WMSDs were caculated, and Pearson's chi-square test was used for identify influencing factors of WMSDs, and finally a binary logistic regression method was used to further studying the factors. Results A total of 2577 questionnaires were distributed in this survey, and 2315 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 89.9%. The positive rate of WMSDs symptoms was 48.7% (1127/2315), the absenteeism rate due to WMSDs was 22.6% (523/2315), and the waist (17.5%), neck (11.7%), and knee (9.0%) were the most common areas presenting WMSDs symptoms. The results of logistic regression showed that compared with ≤10 years of service, the risk of WMSDs was higher for those with > 20 years of service (OR=2.167, 95%CI: 1.419, 3.311). Compared with the daily working time of ≤8 h, the risk of WMSDs was higher for those >8 h daily working time (OR=1.463, 95%CI: 1.211, 1.767). A higher risk of WMSDs was reported in workers with moderate labor intensity (OR=1.247, 95%CI: 1.009, 1.542) or heavy labor intensity (OR=1.570, 95%CI: 1.215, 2.027) than those with light labor intensity. The higher the education level (OR _{high school and technical secondary school}=1.866, 95%CI: 1.435, 2.425; OR _{junior college/bachelor degree or above}=1.953, 95%CI: 1.445, 2.639), the higher the risk of WMSDs. The risk of WMSDs was higher in workers reporting smoking (OR=1.225, 95%CI: 1.021, 1.470) or alcohol consumption (OR=1.345, 95%CI: 1.122, 1.612). The risk of WMSDs in coal miners with high occupational stress (OR=1.229, 95%CI:1.030, 1.466) or those with sleep disorders (OR=3.616, 95%CI:2.824, 4.629) was higher than that in workers with low occupational stress or no sleep disorders respectively. Conclusion The positive rate of WMSDs among coal mine personnel in Shanxi Province is high, and education level, length of service, daily working hours, smoking, alcohol consumption, labor intensity, sleep disorders, and occupational stress are influencing factors for WMSDs.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of different drying conditions on the appearance and intrinsic quality indicators of Pinelliae Rhizoma for screening suitable drying conditions， so as to provide reference for its standardized production and quality evaluation. MethodsDifferent dried samples of Pinelliae Rhizoma were prepared by lime-assisted sweating method and intermittent drying method. Visual analysis was employed to measure the color brightness values（L^*） of the surface， cross-section and powder of the samples， texture analyzer was used to determine the hardness of the samples under different drying conditions. The total starch content was calculated by measuring the contents of amylose and amylopectin in the samples with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. High performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was used to determine the contents of seven nucleoside components（uracil， hypoxanthine， uridine， inosine， guanosine， β-thymidine and adenosine） in the samples. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between the external characteristics and intrinsic indicators of the different dried samples. Principal component analysis（PCA） was used to comprehensively rank the data of various indicators， and partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA） was used to screen differential components with variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1. Furthermore， the difference between the optimal drying condition for Pinelliae Rhizoma and the traditional sun-drying method was explored by independent samples t-test. ResultsWith the increase of temperature， the color of the intermittently dried samples gradually deepened， while their hardness gradually decreased. Concurrently， the contents of extract， total starch， uridine and adenosine exhibited an upward trend， whereas the contents of uracil， hypoxanthine and inosine displayed a downward trajectory. Compared with the intermittent drying group， the content of extract in the samples subjected to lime-assisted sweating increased. With the increase of lime dose， the hardness and the total content of nucleoside components in the samples showed a downward trend， while the total starch content showed an upward trend. Correlation analysis showed that the comprehensive score of L^* was negatively correlated with the contents of uracil， hypoxanthine and inosine， and positively correlated with the contents of uridine， guanosine and adenosine. Hardness was negatively correlated with adenosine content， and positively correlated with the contents of inosine， uracil and hypoxanthine. Through comprehensive consideration and comprehensive score of principal components， the method of 5% lime-mixed sweating for 6 days emerged as the top-ranking approach. Except for the extract， the results of independent samples t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the 5% lime-mixed sweating for 6 days and the traditional sun-drying in terms of other content indicators. ConclusionThe whiteness and firmness of Pinelliae Rhizoma exhibit significant correlations with its chemical composition， while uridine， uracil， guanosine， adenosine and inosine are the key constituents responsible for the quality difference of Pinelliae Rhizoma under different drying conditions. The lime-assisted sweating method optimized in this study can be proposed as a viable alternative to the traditional sun-drying method. This method not only ensures the quality of the medicinal material but also effectively reduces the drying time and prevents mold contamination， which provides a valuable reference for the standardization of drying conditions and the establishment of quality evaluation criteria for Pinelliae Rhizoma.

Objective: To investigate the effects of autologous platelet-rich plasma (aPRP) collected using a continuous blood cell separator on blood conservation and prognosis in patients with type A aortic dissection. Methods: The clinical data of patients who underwent emergency aortic replacement for acute type A aortic dissection at our hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were respectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received aPRP collection before surgery for subsequent reinfusion: the aPRP group (n=32) and the control group (n=35). The volume of aPRP collected and the platelet concentration in the aPRP were recorded. The volumes of allogeneic blood and blood products transfused, and the associated costs during hospitalization were compared between two groups. Intraoperative blood loss, perioperative laboratory parameter changes, 24-hour postoperative drainage volume, duration of ICU stay and mechanical ventilation, length of hospital stay, and mortality rate of the two groups were also compared. Results: The platelet concentration in aPRP was (491.5±85.4)×10 /L, accounting for (24.1±9.6)% of the patient's total platelet count. The volume of aPRP collected accounted for (23.0±6.3)% of the patient's total plasma volume. Compared with the control group, the aPRP group demonstrated significantly reduced transfusion volumes of allogeneic red blood cells, plasma, and platelets (P<0.05), along with significantly lower blood-related costs during hospitalization (P<0.05). Postoperative coagulation parameters (APTT, PT, INR, and TEG) were significantly improved (P<0.05), and platelet counts were markedly increased (P<0.05) in aPRP group as compared with the control group. No statistically significant differences were observed in postoperative use of prothrombin complex concentrate and fibrinogen between the two groups. Similarly, there were no significant differences in postoperative 24-hour drainage volume, 24-hour extubation rate, ICU length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, or total hospital length of stay. The incidence of complications and mortality did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: The administration of aPRP significantly reduces the requirement for perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion in patients undergoing surgery for type A aortic dissection. Furthermore, it enhances coagulation function and reduces associated transfusion costs, thereby establishing itself as an effective and safe strategy for blood conservation.

Objective To construct large medical model named by "Huaxi HongYi"and explore its application effectiveness in assisting medical record generation. Methods By the way of a full-chain medical large model construction paradigm of "data annotation - model training - scenario incubation", through strategies such as multimodal data fusion, domain adaptation training, and localization of hardware adaptation, "Huaxi HongYi" with 72 billion parameters was constructed. Combined with technologies such as speech recognition, knowledge graphs, and reinforcement learning, an application system for assisting in the generation of medical records was developed. Results Taking the assisted generation of discharge records as an example, in the pilot department, after using the application system, the average completion times of writing a medical records shortened (21 min vs. 5 min) with efficiency increased by 3.2 time, the accuracy rate of the model output reached 92.4%. Conclusion It is feasible for medical institutions to build independently controllable medical large models and incubate various applications based on these models, providing a reference pathway for artificial intelligence development in similar institutions.

OBJECTIVE: Anemoside B4 (AB4), the most abundant triterpenoidal saponin isolated from Pulsatilla chinensis, inhibited influenza virus FM1 or Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced pneumonia. However, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect of AB4 has not been unraveled. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antiviral activity and potential mechanism of AB4 in inhibiting human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in vivo and in vitro. METHODS: The cytotoxicity of AB4 was evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay. SARS-CoV-2 infected HEK293T, HPAEpiC, and Vero E6 cells were used for in vitro assays. The antiviral effect of AB4 in vivo was evaluated by SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2-IRES-luc transgenic mouse model. Furthermore, label-free quantitative proteomics and bioinformatic analysis were performed to explore the potential antiviral mechanism of action of AB4. Type I IFN signaling-associated proteins were assessed using Western blotting or immumohistochemical staining. RESULTS: The data showed that AB4 reduced the propagation of SARS-CoV-2 along with the decreased Nucleocapsid protein (N), Spike protein (S), and 3C-like protease (3CLpro) in HEK293T cells. In vivo antiviral activity data revealed that AB4 inhibited viral replication and relieved pneumonia in a SARS-CoV-2 infected mouse model. We further disclosed that the antiviral activity of AB4 was associated with the enhanced interferon (IFN)-β response via the activation of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-1) like receptor (RLP) pathways. Additionally, label-free quantitative proteomic analyses discovered that 17 proteins were significantly altered by AB4 in the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infections cells. These proteins mainly clustered in RNA metabolism. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that AB4 inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication through the RLR pathways and moderated the RNA metabolism, suggesting that it would be a potential lead compound for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.

To promote the development of extracellular vesicles of herbal medicine especially the establishment of standardization, led by the National Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, research experts in the field of herbal medicine and extracellular vesicles were invited nationwide with the support of the Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, Professional Committee on Extracellular Vesicle Research and Application, Chinese Society of Research Hospitals and the Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles. Based on the collation of relevant literature, we have adopted the Delphi method, the consensus meeting method combined with the nominal group method to form a discussion draft of "Consensus statement on research and application of Chinese herbal medicine derived extracellular vesicles-like particles (2023)". The first draft was discussed in online and offline meetings on October 12, 14, November 2, 2022 and April and May 2023 on the current status of research, nomenclature, isolation methods, quality standards and research applications of extracellular vesicles of Chinese herbal medicines, and 13 consensus opinions were finally formed. At the Third Academic Conference on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, held on May 26, 2023, Kewei Zhao, convenor of the consensus, presented and read the consensus to the experts of the Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles. The consensus highlights the characteristics and advantages of Chinese medicine, inherits the essence, and keeps the righteousness and innovation, aiming to provide a reference for colleagues engaged in research and application of Chinese herbal vesicles at home and abroad, decode the mystery behind Chinese herbal vesicles together, establish a safe, effective and controllable accurate Chinese herbal vesicle prevention and treatment system, and build a bridge for Chinese medicine to the world.

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), a core transcription factor responding to changes in cellular oxygen levels, is closely associated with a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions. However, its differential impacts on vascular cell types and molecular programs modulating human vascular homeostasis and regeneration remain largely elusive. Here, we applied CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing of human embryonic stem cells and directed differentiation to generate HIF-1α-deficient human vascular cells including vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as a platform for discovering cell type-specific hypoxia-induced response mechanisms. Through comparative molecular profiling across cell types under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, we provide insight into the indispensable role of HIF-1α in the promotion of ischemic vascular regeneration. We found human MSCs to be the vascular cell type most susceptible to HIF-1α deficiency, and that transcriptional inactivation of ANKZF1, an effector of HIF-1α, impaired pro-angiogenic processes. Altogether, our findings deepen the understanding of HIF-1α in human angiogenesis and support further explorations of novel therapeutic strategies of vascular regeneration against ischemic damage.
Humans ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism* ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism* ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hypoxia/metabolism* ; Cell Hypoxia/physiology*

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells （hUCMSCs） in the treatment of mice with liver fibrosis and its mechanism. MethodsA total of 18 specific pathogen-free C57BL/6 mice， aged 6 weeks， were selected and divided into control group （n=6）， carbon tetrachloride （CCl₄） model group （CCl₄ group， n=6）， and hUCMSCs treatment group （MSC group， n=6） using a random number table. The mice in the CCl₄ group and the MSC group were given intraperitoneal injection of CCl₄ solution to establish a mouse model of liver fibrosis， while those in the control group were injected with the same dose of corn oil， and the mice in the MSC group were injected with hUCMSCs via the caudal vein during the injection of CCl₄. At the end of week 8， mouse serum was collected， and the mice were sacrificed to collect and fix the liver. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the levels of inflammatory factors； an automatic biochemical detector was used to measure liver function parameters； HE staining， Masson staining， Sirius Red staining， and α-SMA immunofluorescence assay were used to evaluate liver fibrosis. Hepatic stellate cells （HSCs） stimulated by TGF-β were co-cultured with hUCMSCs in the medium with or without chitinase-3 like-protein-1 （CHI3L1）， and Western blot was used to measure the expression levels of proteins. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups， and the Dunnett’s t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsMasson staining and Sirius Red staining showed that the CCl₄ group had a significantly higher degree of fibrosis than the control group （both P<0.05）， and the MSC group had significant alleviation of fibrosis compared with the CCl₄ group （both P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， the CCl₄ group had significant increases in the levels of interleukin-1β， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， and alkaline phosphatase （ALP） （all P<0.05）， and compared with the CCl₄ group， the MSC group had significant reductions in the levels of IL-6， AST， ALT， and ALP （all P<0.05）. The CCl₄ group had significantly higher expression levels of CHI3L1 and α-SMA than the control group and the MSC group （all P<0.05）. The cell culture experiment showed that the MSC+HSC group had a significantly higher expression level of Bax than the HSC group and the MSC+CHI3L1 group （both P<0.05）， suggesting that CHI3L1 reversed the pro-apoptotic effect of MSC on activated HSCs. ConclusionThis study shows that hUCMSCs can improve liver fibrosis in mice， possibly by inhibiting CHI3L1 to promote the apoptosis of HSCs.

Oral diseases concern almost every individual and are a serious health risk to the popula-tion.The restorative treatment of tooth and jaw defects is an important means to achieve oral function and support the appearance of the contour.Based on the principle of"learning from the nature",Deng Xu-liang's group of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology has proposed a new concept of"microstructural biomimetic design and tissue adaptation of tooth/jaw materials"to address the worldwide problems of difficulty in treating dentine hypersensitivity,poor prognosis of restoration of tooth defects,and vertical bone augmentation of alveolar bone after tooth loss.The group has broken through the bottle-neck of multi-stage biomimetic technology from the design of microscopic features to the enhancement of macroscopic effects,and invented key technologies such as crystalline/amorphous multi-level assembly,ion-transportation blocking,and multi-physical properties of the micro-environment reconstruction,etc.The group also pioneered the cationic-hydrogel desensitizer,digital stump and core integrated restora-tions,and developed new crown and bridge restorative materials,gradient functionalisation guided tissue regeneration membrane,and electrically responsive alveolar bone augmentation restorative membranes,etc.These products have established new clinical strategies for tooth/jaw defect repair and achieved inno-vative results.In conclusion,the research results of our group have strongly supported the theoretical im-provement of stomatology,developed the technical system of oral hard tissue restoration,innovated the clinical treatment strategy,and led the progress of the stomatology industry.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between LPR and common pharyngeal diseases and its risk factors.METHODS A total of 280 patients who were admitted to the Inpatient Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery or Laryngoscopy Room of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University due to throat discomfort from September 2022 to May 2023 were selected as the study objects.All enrolled patients were required to complete the RSI and RFS scoring scales.According to the 2022 LPRD expert Consensus,RSI>13 and/or RFS>7 were classified as LPR group,and RSI≤13 and RFS≤7 are classified as non-LPR group.Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences in the incidence of common pharyngeal diseases such as upper respiratory tract papilloma,epiglottic cyst,vocal cord polyp,vocal cord leucoplakia,vocal cord cancer and hypopharyngeal cancer among different groups.Univariate Chi-square test analysis and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were performed for gender,age,BMI,smoking and drinking history.All differences were statistically significant with P<0.05.RESULTS The prevalence of LPR in 280 patients with throat discomfort was 70.0%(196/280).There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of LPR group and non-LPR group in patients with vocal cord polyp(χ2=4.228,P<0.05),vocal cord leukoplakia(χ2=12.283,P<0.05),vocal cord cancer(χ2=4.103,P<0.05)and hypopharyngeal cancer(χ2=4.907,P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the incidence of LPR group and non-LPR group in patients with papilloma of upper respiratory tract(χ2=0.183,P>0.05)and epiglottic cyst(χ2=0.556,P>0.05).Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the incidence rates of smoking(χ2=20.403,P<0.05)and drinking(χ2=7.704,P<0.05)between the LPR group and the non-LPR group,while gender(χ2=0.01,P>0.05),age(χ2=8.147,P>0.05),BMI(χ2=2.060,P>0.05)had no significant difference.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking(OR=3.390,95%CI:1.761-6.526,P<0.05)was an independent risk factor for LPR.CONCLUSION There is a high co-prevalence of LPR with vocal cord polyps,vocal cord leukoplakia,vocal cord cancer and hypopharyngeal cancer.Therefore,LPR should be evaluated when treating throat related diseases,and LPR should be actively treated if necessary.In addition,smoking and drinking are risk factors for LPR,so it is necessary to stop smoking and drinking alcohol when treating LPR.