Objective:To investigate the application value of fecal Syndecan-2 (SDC2) gene methylated SDC2 (m SDC2) detection in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among urban residents in Guangzhou City. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shitan Town, Zengcheng District, Guangzhou City from July to December 2022. A community-based screening program for CRC was conducted among residents aged 40-74 years old. m SDC2 detection was employed in the participants, and those with positive results should be recommended to receive colonoscopy examination. The positive rate of m SDC2 detection, colonoscopy compliance rate, detection rate of intestinal lesions and clinicopathological characteristics were observed. The relationship between cycle threshold (CT) value of m SDC2 and intestinal lesions was explored. Further, the cost-effectiveness of screening was evaluated. Results:A total of 8 189 fecal samples were collected from 8 877 participants with the recovery rate of 92.25%. 8 048 qualified samples were enrolled in this study, consisted of 3 182 males (39.54%) and 4 866 females (60.46%), with the average age of 56 years old (40-74 years). The positive rate of m SDC2 detection was 7.99% (643/8 048), and the compliance rate of colonoscopy was 73.10% (470/643). 20 cases (4.25%) of colorectal cancer, 109 cases (23.19%) of advanced adenoma, 145 cases (30.85%) of non-advanced adenoma, 79 cases (16.81%) of polyps were detected. The detection rate of intestinal lesions was 75.11% and indicated significant differences in gender and age. 20 CRCs included 15 of stage 0-I, 4 of stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ and 1 of unknown stage. The CT value of m SDC2 was negatively correlated with the proportion of advanced colorectal neoplasms ( χ2=16.063, P<0.001). The total cost of the screening was 4.339 5 million yuan, the screening benefit was 28.506 2 million yuan, and the benefit-cost ratio was 6.57. Conclusion:The CRC screening strategy of fecal m SDC2 detection combined with colonoscopy has high colonoscopy compliance and detection rate of intestinal lesions, which is conducive to the detection of early CRCs, and has good cost-effectiveness. This study suggests that this method may be applied to the general CRC screening in China and contribute to the prevention of CRC. The CT value of m SDC2 may have a certain suggestion on the malignant degree of intestinal tumors.

Objective:To investigate the application value of fecal Syndecan-2 (SDC2) gene methylated SDC2 (m SDC2) detection in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among urban residents in Guangzhou City. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shitan Town, Zengcheng District, Guangzhou City from July to December 2022. A community-based screening program for CRC was conducted among residents aged 40-74 years old. m SDC2 detection was employed in the participants, and those with positive results should be recommended to receive colonoscopy examination. The positive rate of m SDC2 detection, colonoscopy compliance rate, detection rate of intestinal lesions and clinicopathological characteristics were observed. The relationship between cycle threshold (CT) value of m SDC2 and intestinal lesions was explored. Further, the cost-effectiveness of screening was evaluated. Results:A total of 8 189 fecal samples were collected from 8 877 participants with the recovery rate of 92.25%. 8 048 qualified samples were enrolled in this study, consisted of 3 182 males (39.54%) and 4 866 females (60.46%), with the average age of 56 years old (40-74 years). The positive rate of m SDC2 detection was 7.99% (643/8 048), and the compliance rate of colonoscopy was 73.10% (470/643). 20 cases (4.25%) of colorectal cancer, 109 cases (23.19%) of advanced adenoma, 145 cases (30.85%) of non-advanced adenoma, 79 cases (16.81%) of polyps were detected. The detection rate of intestinal lesions was 75.11% and indicated significant differences in gender and age. 20 CRCs included 15 of stage 0-I, 4 of stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ and 1 of unknown stage. The CT value of m SDC2 was negatively correlated with the proportion of advanced colorectal neoplasms ( χ2=16.063, P<0.001). The total cost of the screening was 4.339 5 million yuan, the screening benefit was 28.506 2 million yuan, and the benefit-cost ratio was 6.57. Conclusion:The CRC screening strategy of fecal m SDC2 detection combined with colonoscopy has high colonoscopy compliance and detection rate of intestinal lesions, which is conducive to the detection of early CRCs, and has good cost-effectiveness. This study suggests that this method may be applied to the general CRC screening in China and contribute to the prevention of CRC. The CT value of m SDC2 may have a certain suggestion on the malignant degree of intestinal tumors.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Zuojin Jiawei Formula combined with acupuncture and moxibustion in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) of liver-stomach stagnation heat type and its impact on brain-gut peptides. Methods A total of 160 patients with GERD of liver-stomach stagnation heat type who were diagnosed and treated at the outpatient department of spleen and stomach of Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2021 to December 2022 were randomly divided into four groups: western medicine group, traditional Chinese medicine group, acupuncture group, and traditional Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture group, with 40 patients in each group. The western medicine group was treated with rabeprazole as the main drug, the traditional Chinese medicine group was treated with Zuojin Jiawei Formula alone, the traditional Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture group was treated with acupuncture at Zusanli, Zhongwan, Taichong, and Neiguan on the basis of Zuojin Jiawei Formula, and the acupuncture group was treated with acupuncture at Zusanli, Zhongwan, Taichong, and Neiguan alone. All four groups were treated for 8 weeks, and the clinical efficacy along with Reflux Disease Questionnaire score, main symptoms score of traditional Chinese medicine, esophageal mucosa score, and vasoactive intestinal peptide level before and after treatment were compared among the four groups. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the traditional Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture group was higher than the other three groups, and the scores of main symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine, Reflux Disease Questionnaire score, esophageal mucosa score, and plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide levels were lower than the other three groups and before treatment(P < 0.05). Conclusion Zuojin Jiawei Formula combined with acupuncture can effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms of GERD, promote mucosal healing, and improve treatment outcomes.

Depsides and depsidones have attracted attention for biosynthetic studies due to their broad biological activities and structural diversity. Previous structure‒activity relationships indicated that triple halogenated depsidones display the best anti-pathogenic activity. However, the gene cluster and the tailoring steps responsible for halogenated depsidone nornidulin ( 3) remain enigmatic. In this study, we disclosed the complete biosynthetic pathway of the halogenated depsidone through in vivo gene disruption, heterologous expression and in vitro biochemical experiments. We demonstrated an unusual depside skeleton biosynthesis process mediated by both highly-reducing polyketide synthase and non-reducing polyketide synthase, which is distinct from the common depside skeleton biosynthesis. This skeleton was subsequently modified by two in-cluster enzymes DepG and DepF for the ether bond formation and decarboxylation, respectively. In addition, the decarboxylase DepF exhibited substrate promiscuity for different scaffold substrates. Finally, and interestingly, we discovered a halogenase encoded remotely from the biosynthetic gene cluster, which catalyzes triple-halogenation to produce the active end product nornidulin ( 3). These discoveries provide new insights for further understanding the biosynthesis of depsidones and their derivatives.

OBJECTIVE: To predict the targets and pathways in the therapeutic mechanism of Guizhi Gancao Decoction (GZGCD) against heart failure (HF) based on network pharmacology. METHODS: The chemical components of GZGCD were analyzed using the databases including TCMSP, TCMID and TCM@Taiwan, and the potential targets of GZGCD were predicted using the SwissTargetPrediction database. The targets of HF were obtained using the databases including DisGeNET, Drugbank and TTD. The intersection targets of GZGCD and HF were identified using VENNY. Uniport database was used to convert the information, and the components-targets-disease network was constructed using Cytoscape software. The Bisogene plug-in, Merge plug-in, and CytoNCA plug-in in Cytoscape software were used for protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis to acquire the core targets. Metascape database was used for GO and KEGG analysis. The results of network pharmacology analysis were verified with Western blot analysis. Three factors (PKCα, ERK1/2 and BCL2) were screened according to the degree value of network pharmacology results and the degree of correlation with heart failure process. The pentobarbtal sodium was dissolvein H9C2 cells treated with serum-free high glucose medium to simulate the ischemic anoxic environment of heart failure. The total proteins of myocardial cells were extracted. The protein contents of PKCα, ERK1/2 and BCL2 were determined. RESULTS: We identified a total of 190 intersection targets between GZGCD and HF using Venny database, involving mainly the circulatory system process, cellular response to nitrogen compounds, cation homeostasis, and regulation of the MAPK cascade. These potential targets were also involved in 38 pathways, including the regulatory pathways in cancer, calcium signal pathway, cGMP-PKG signal pathway, and cAMP signal pathway. Western blot analysis showed that in an in vitro H9C2 cell model of HF, treatment with GZGCD downregulated PKCα and ERK1/2 expressions and upregulated BCL2 expression. CONCLUSION The therapeutic mechanism of GZGCD for HF involves multiple targets including PRKCA, PRKCB, MAPK1, MAPK3, and MAPK8 and multiple pathways including the regulatory pathway in cancer and the calcium signaling pathway.
Humans ; Protein Kinase C-alpha ; Network Pharmacology ; Heart Failure/drug therapy* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2

Objective: To investigate the nutritional status and its relationship with the indexes of physical function and physical capacity among primary and middle school students in Xiamen, so as to provide statistical support for improving their nutritional status and physical health. Methods: A total of 2 752 primary and middle school students aged between 6 and 18 years old were selected in Xiamen. They were divided into malnutrition group, normal group and overweight and obesity group according to the national standards. Statistical analysis was carried out by chi square test, Kruskal wallis test and partial correlation analysis. Results: The prevalence of malnutrition among primary and secondary school students in Xiamen was 8.4%(231), the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24.2%(667), and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys(31.4%) was higher than girls( 17.0 %).The distribution of nutritional status between different ages was statistically significant ( χ 2=40.43, P <0.05). On the lung activity index, both boys and girls were shown to be overweight and obesityConclusion The prevention and control situation of overweight between primary and secondary school students in Xiamen city, is more serious. Overweight and obesity are related to decline in physical function and physical fitness. Nutritional status should be paid more attention for physical fitness improvement among students.

OBJECTIVETo establish an evaluation model of peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer, and to assess its clinical significance.

METHODSClinical and pathologic data of the consecutive cases of gastric cancer admitted between April 2015 and December 2015 in Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 710 patients were enrolled in the study after 18 patients with other distant metastasis were excluded. The correlations between peritoneal metastasis and different factors were studied through univariate (Pearson's test or Fisher's exact test) and multivariate analyses (Binary Logistic regression). Independent predictable factors for peritoneal metastasis were combined to establish a risk evaluation model (nomogram). The nomogram was created with R software using the 'rms' package. In the nomogram, each factor had different scores, and every patient could have a total score by adding all the scores of each factor. A higher total score represented higher risk of peritoneal metastasis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the established nomogram. Delong. Delong. Clarke-Pearson test was used to compare the difference of the area under the curve (AUC). The cut-off value was determined by the AUC, when the ROC curve had the biggest AUC, the model had the best sensitivity and specificity.

RESULTSAmong 710 patients, 47 patients had peritoneal metastasis (6.6%), including 30 male (30/506, 5.9%) and 17 female (17/204, 8.3%); 31 were ≥ 60 years old (31/429, 7.2%); 38 had tumor ≥ 3 cm(38/461, 8.2%). Lauren classification indicated that 2 patients were intestinal type(2/245, 0.8%), 8 patients were mixed type(8/208, 3.8%), 11 patients were diffuse type(11/142, 7.7%), and others had no associated data. CA19-9 of 13 patients was ≥ 37 kU/L(13/61, 21.3%); CA125 of 11 patients was ≥ 35 kU/L(11/36, 30.6%); CA72-4 of 11 patients was ≥ 10 kU/L(11/39, 28.2%). Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of 26 patients was ≥ 2.37(26/231, 11.3%). Multivariate analysis showed that Lauren classification (HR=8.95, 95%CI:1.32-60.59, P=0.025), CA125(HR=17.45, 95%CI:5.54-54.89, P=0.001), CA72-4(HR=20.06, 95%CI:5.05-79.68, P=0.001), and NLR (HR=4.16, 95%CI:1.17-14.75, P=0.032) were independent risk factors of peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer. In the nomogram, the highest score was 241, including diffuse or mixed Lauren classification (54 score), CA125 ≥ 35 kU/L (66 score), CA72-4 ≥ 10 kU/L (100 score), and NLR ≥ 2.37 (21 score), which represented a highest risk of peritoneal metastasis (more than 90%). The AUC of nomogram was 0.912, which was superior than any single variable (AUC of Lauren classification: 0.678; AUC of CA125: 0.720; AUC of CA72-4: 0.792; AUC of NLR: 0.613, all P=0.000). The total score of nomogram increased according to the TNM stage, and was highest in the peritoneal metastasis group (F=49.1, P=0.000). When the cut-off value calculated by ROC analysis was set at 140, the model could best balanced the sensitivity (0.79) and the specificity (0.87). Only 5% of patients had peritoneal metastasis when their nomogram scores were lower than 140, while 58% of patients had peritoneal metastasis when their scores were ≥ 140(χ=69.1, P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONThe risk evaluation model established with Lauren classification, CA125, CA72-4 and NLR can effectively predict the risk of peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer, and provide the reference to preoperative staging and choice of therapeutic strategy.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate ; blood ; Area Under Curve ; CA-125 Antigen ; blood ; CA-19-9 Antigen ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; statistics & numerical data ; Logistic Models ; Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; diagnosis ; Neutrophils ; pathology ; Nomograms ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; secondary ; Prognosis ; ROC Curve ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; methods ; Risk Factors ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stomach Neoplasms ; blood ; classification ; diagnosis ; pathology

BACKGROUND: With the increasing number of patients undergoing knee arthroplasty in China, the complications caused by the mismatch of prosthesis with anatomical parameters arouse extensive attentions.OBJECTIVE: To measure the anatomical parameters of the knee joints in healthy Zhuang ethnic group from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, using three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction technology, thus providing reference for the design and placement of the hip prosthesis.METHODS: Sixty-eight individuals, including 30 females and 38 males, were selected from 217 healthy people undergoing CT examination. All data were imported into Mimics 15.0 software used for 3D reconstruction, and then the knee parameters were then measured and analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in the parameters of the bilateral femur and tibia (P > 0.05). The femoral parameters had significant differences between genders (P < 0.05). The width of tibial platform, sagittal length of lateral tibial platform, distance between medial tibial plateau and fibular head, and posterior slope of tibial plateau showed no significant differences between genders (P > 0.05), while there were significant differences in the width of medial/lateral tibial platform, and sagittal length of medial tibial platform between genders (P < 0.05). The sagittal length of medial femoral condyle was negatively correlated with age, and all femoral parameters were positively correlated with height; while only the width of medial and lateral tibial platform were positively correlated with height. To conclude, 3D reconstruction technology is available for research on the morphology of the knee joint in the Zhuang ethnic group from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, which provides references for prosthesis design and research appropriate for the Zhuang ethnic group.

Objective To discuss the application of ultra-thin flap technology in the thoracodorsal artery per forator flap,and appraise the effectiveness in clinical practice.Methods From May,2013 to December,2015,10 patients with soft-tissue defects of the four limbs were treated with ultra-thin thoracodorsal artery perforator flap.The classification of the perforating vessels was done by Kimura method.The flap blood supply was measured and the patients' satisfaction of the appearance of flap was investigated through questionnaires.Results The flap of 8 cases (5 cases of type Ⅰ and 3 cases of type Ⅱ) could be evenly thinned,and the flap of 2 cases (type Ⅲ) could only be thinned at the edge beyond the part with perforator as the center and a radius of 3 centimeters.The flap of 9 cases completely lived.While in 1 case (type Ⅲ),a small part of the edge of the flap was necrosed(2 cm×1 cm),and coalesced well after change dressing.The donor site was sutured directly in 7 cases and covered with skin graft in 1 case.Eight patients were followed-up from 6 to 12 months.The treatment effect was satisfied.And there were no side effects on the functioning of donor sites.Seven patients were highly satisfied with the appearance of the flap (satisfaction rate was 87.5％).Conclusion Ultra-thin flap technology can be adopted to cut thin thoracodorsal artery perforator flap,and can remarkably improve the effect in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize ultrasonic extraction and purification technology of solanesol from tobacco leaf. METH-ODS:Using extraction rate and transport rate of solanesol as indexes,single factor test was used to investigate liquid-solid ratio, ultrasonic extraction temperature and time,ultrasonic power and extraction times,and the amount of soap alkali lye(volume ratio of soap alkali lye to extraction liquid),acidizing fluids (volume ratio of acidizing fluids to soap alkali lye extract),extraction times of purification technology. Optimized technology was validated,and the purity of solanesol was calculated;the amount of ex-tracted solanesol was compared between this method and traditional extraction method (spending 30 h),solvent continuous cyclic extraction (spending 5-6 h). RESULTS:Optimized extraction technology was as follows as volume ratio of soap alkali lye to ex-traction liquid 1∶14,ultrasonic extraction temperature 70 ℃,ultrasonic extraction time 60 min,ultrasonic power 120 W,extract-ing for 3 times;optimized purification technology was as follows as volume ratio of soap alkali lye to extraction liquid 2∶35,vol-ume ratio of acidizing fluids to soap alkali lye extract 2∶14,extracting for 4 times. In validation test,extraction rate,transport rate and purity were 92.45%(RSD=0.46%,n=3),79.88%(RSD=0.30%,n=3)and 55.86%(RSD=0.40%,n=3). The amount of solanesol extracted with 3 methods were 52.22,45.22 and 26.10 mg/g. CONCLUSIONS:The optimized technology is simple and stable,costs less time and saves source with high extraction amount and purity,which is suitable for production,extraction and purification of solanesol from tobacco leaf.