BACKGROUND:With the continuous advancement of medical technology,stem cell therapy has been used to treat a variety of diseases,including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of stem cell therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and prospect the development trend of this field. METHODS:PubMed,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and WanFang Data were searched for articles published from 1995 to 2024 using the key words"amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,mesenchymal stem cells,neural stem/progenitor cells,pluripotent stem cells."A total of more than 1 700 articles were retrieved,and 58 articles were finally included in this review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease that affects lower motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord and upper motor neurons in the motor cortex.The related research of stem cells in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has become a research hotspot.In this review,we summarize the application of different types of stem cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis research,including mesenchymal stem cells,neural stem progenitor cells,and induced pluripotent stem cells,and evaluate the key points of preclinical research such as stem cell source,cell volume,stem cell modification methods,and drug delivery routes,which lays the foundation for the future application of stem cell therapy.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab monoclonal antibody combined with molecular-targeted therapy in elderly patients with unresectable or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the patients with unresectable/advanced HCC who attended six hospitals from January 1,2019 to March 31,2021,and all patients received camrelizumab monoclonal antibody treatment,among whom 84.8%also received targeted therapy.According to the age of the patients,they were divided into elderly group(≥65 years)and non-elderly group(＜65 years).The two groups were assessed in terms of overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),objective response rate(ORR),disease control rate(DCR),and immune-related adverse events(irAE).The chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups;the independent samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data,and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups.The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis,and the log-rank test was used for comparison of survival curves.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine the independent influencing factors for PFS and DCR at 6 months.Results A total of 99 HCC patients were enrolled,with 27 in the elderly group and 72 in the non-elderly group.The elderly group had an OS rate of 67.8%,an ORR of 44.4%,and a DCR of 74.1%at 12 months and a median PFS of 6.4(95%confidence interval[CI]:3.0-12.4)months,with no significant differences compared with the non-elderly group(all P＞0.05).The median OS was unavailable for the elderly group,while the non-elderly group had an OS of 18.9(95%CI:13.0-24.8)months;there was no significant difference between the two groups(P=0.485).The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that major vascular invasion(MVI)was an independent risk factor for PFS(hazard ratio[HR]=2.603,95%CI:1.136-5.964,P=0.024)and DCR(HR=3.963,95%CI:1.671-9.397,P=0.002)at 6 months,while age,sex,etiology of HBV infection,presence of extrahepatic metastasis,Child-Pugh class B,and alpha-fetoprotein＞400 ng/mL were not associated with PFS or DCR at 6 months.For the elderly group,the incidence rates of any irAE and grade 3/4 irAE were 51.9%and 25.9%,respectively,with no significant differences compared with the non-elderly group(P＞0.05),and skin disease was the most common irAE in both groups(39.4%).Conclusion Camrelizumab monoclonal antibody combined with molecular-targeted therapy has similar efficacy and safety in patients with unresectable/advanced HCC aged≥65 years and those aged＜65 years.MVI is associated with suboptimal response to immunotherapy and poor prognosis.

Public hospitals should be centered on people's health and guided by public welfare.In the publicity work,how to better meet the public's demand for health information has become an important issue.Based on the the Gatekeeper Theory,this paper analyzes the necessity of the"Two-Way Gatekeeper"of the publicity department in health communication from the attrib-utes of medical news content,medical journalists'education background and practice situation,and discusses the practical applica-tion of popular science and professional supervision by the publicity department in public hospital health communication,providing new exploration for the brand communication of public hospitals and helping hospitals to achieve high-quality development.

As the main body of the national healthcare service system,public hospitals play a crucial role in implemen-ting the Healthy China strategy.Therefore,promoting the deep integration of Party building and business operations has become an inevitable trend for public hospitals in the new era to strengthen Party work and achieve high-quality development.The Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Prevention and Treatment Center focuses on the requirements of grassroots Party building,emphasizing the top-level design and refined management of the comprehensive goal management system of Party branches.Through scientific and effective comprehensive goal management,it harnesses high-quality Party building to lead the high-quality development of public hospitals.This study actively explores effective pathways for the deep integration of Party building and business operations in public hospitals,providing insights and references for promoting high-quality development in these institutions.

With the rapid development of information technology and the advent of the big data era,promoting smart Par-ty building has gradually become an inevitable trend and important approach for strengthening the Party building effort in public hospitals in the new era.Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,focusing on the requirements of grassroots Party building and in-tegrating the characteristics of Party building work in university-affiliated hospitals,has innovatively developed a smart Party building information platform suitable for the ecosystem of public hospital Party building.The platform's functional modules are designed based on the closed-loop process of Party building work assessment,which includes"task issuance-execution-evalua-tion-rectification".It has been found that the orderly construction of the smart Party building information platform has signifi-cantly contributed to enhancing the standardization of Party branch construction,facilitating burden reduction and empowerment of grassroots organizations,and strengthening the leading role of Party building work.This initiative serves as a viable practical ex-ample for the intelligent operation of hospital Party building work and spurs continuous innovation and high-quality development in party building efforts in university-affiliated hospitals.

Objective:To investigate the anatomical characteristics of human hepatic anterior fissure vein.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was used. A total of 22 adult cadaver specimens were collected from the Department of Human Anatomy of Harbin Medical University from March 2018 to March 2021. There were 15 males and 7 females, aged 45(range, 18?75)years. Observation indicators: (1) recognition rate of hepatic anterior fissure vein and the location of hepatic anterior fissure vein merging into hepatic vein; (2) length of hepatic anterior fissure vein and the opening diameter of hepatic anterior fissure vein merging into hepatic vein; (3) location of hepatic anterior fissure vein and the ventral hepatic vein of segment Ⅷ of liver (V8v) as well as V8v condition; (4) relationship among hepatic anterior fissure vein, anterior ventral portal vein and anterior dorsal portal vein. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and t test was used for comparison between groups. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range), and count data were expressed as absolute numbers or percentages. Results:(1) Recognition rate of hepatic anterior fissure vein and the location of hepatic anterior fissure vein merging into hepatic vein. The recognition rate of hepatic anterior fissure vein of 22 liver samples was 90.9% (20/22). There were 9.1%(2/22) of liver samples without hepatic anterior fissure vein. The proportions of hepatic anterior fissure vein merging into proximal middle hepatic vein and proximal right hepatic vein were 19/20 and 1/20, respectively. There was no liver sample with hepatic anterior fissure vein merging into distal middle hepatic vein and distal right hepatic vein. (2) Length of hepatic anterior fissure vein and the opening diameter of hepatic anterior fissure vein merging into hepatic vein. In the 20 liver samples with hepatic anterior fissure vein, the length of hepatic anterior fissure vein was (6.41±1.26)cm, and the opening diameter of hepatic anterior fissure vein merging into hepatic vein was (0.38±0.10)cm. (3) Location of anterior fissure vein and the V8v and V8v condition. In the 22 liver samples, there were 25 V8v branches merging into the proximal middle hepatic vein, with the V8v length as (3.83±0.36)cm and the V8v diameter as (0.16±0.08)cm. In the 17 liver samples with both hepatic anterior fissure vein and V8v, the proportion of V8v merging into hepatic anterior fissure vein and then into middle hepatic vein was 14/17, the proportion of hepatic anterior fissure vein and V8v merging into middle hepatic vein separately was 3/17, and there was no liver sample with hepatic anterior fissure vein merging into right hepatic vein and V8v merging into middle hepatic vein. (4) Relationship among hepatic anterior fissure vein, anterior ventral portal vein and anterior dorsal portal vein. Of the 20 liver samples with hepatic anterior fissure vein, the hepatic anterior fissure vein of 16 liver samples could be used as the demarcation mark of anterior ventral segment and anterior dorsal segment of hepatic right anterior region. The distance between the hepatic anterior fissure vein and anterior ventral portal vein was (1.40±0.43)cm, and that between the hepatic anterior fissure vein and anterior dorsal portal vein was (1.46±0.63)cm, showing no significant difference between them ( t=1.00, P>0.05). Conclusion:The hepatic anterior fissure vein exists in most normal adult livers, and it mostly merges into proximal middle hepatic vein. The hepatic anterior fissure vein can be identified by the condition of V8v. The hepatic anterior fissure vein can be used as the demarcation mark of anterior ventral segment and anterior dorsal segment of hepatic right anterior region.

Objective To determine the feasibility of neck vessel wall imaging technology with three?dimensional variable?flip?angle turbo spin?echo (3D T1w?SPACE) for the detection of carotid atherosclerotic disease before revascularization. Methods Thirty?one patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and fifty?three patients who underwent carotid stenting (CAS) were enrolled prospectively. Neck vessel wall imaging examination were performed in all patients whilecarotid artery DSA were performed in all CAS patients. Quantitative measurements including stenosis, lesion length, and the presence or absence of plaque ulceration obtained with 3D T1w?SPACE and DSA were independently determined. And images of the 3D T1w?SPACE were compared with corresponding histology to identify major plaque components including intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), lipid rich necrotic core (LRNC), and calcification (CA). The consistency rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were used to assess diagnostic value. Bland?Altman plots, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Cohen Kappa were determined. Results DSA was served as the reference standard. There was an excellent correlation between 3D T1w?SPACE and DSA images in measuring stenosis (r=0.984, P<0.01) and luminal stenosis [ICC=0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.96-0.99)]. Bland?Altman plots showed that the two examinations were in good consistency in evaluating the extent of stenosis. Sensitivity (89.5%) and specificity (95.1%) was high in 3D T1w?SPACE images compared to DSA for the detection of ulcers. The consistency rate between 3D T1w?SPACE images and histological results for IPH, LRNC and CA detection were 85.7%, 82.1% and 92.9%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were 90.0% and 75.0% for IPH;83.3% and 80.0% for LRNC; 91.3% and 100.0% for CA respectively. However, lesion length measurements by using 3D T1w?SPACE were longer than those measured by using DSA (P<0.01).Conclusion Neck vessel wall imaging technology with 3D T1w?SPACE is a noninvasive and accurate technique for the diagnosis of carotid artery atherosclerotic disease before revascularization.

Coculture between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and chondrocytes has significant implications in cartilage regeneration. However, a conclusive understanding remains elusive. Previously, we reported that rabbit bone marrow-derived MSCs (rbBMSCs) could downregulate the differentiated phenotype of rabbit articular chondrocytes (rbACs) in a non-contact coculture system for the first time. In the present study, a systemic investigation was performed to understand the biological characteristics of chondrocytes in coculture with MSCs. Firstly, cells (MSCs and chondrocytes) from different origins were cocultured in transwell system. Different chondrocytes, when cocultured with different MSCs respectively, consistently demonstrated stimulated proliferation, transformed morphology and declined glycosaminoglycan secretion of chondrocytes. Next, cell surface molecules and the global gene expression of rbACs were characterized. It was found that cocultured rbACs showed a distinct surface molecule profile and global gene expression compared to both dedifferentiated rbACs and rbBMSCs. In the end, cocultured rbACs were passaged and induced to undergo the chondrogenic redifferentiation. Better growth and chondrogenesis ability were confirmed compared with control cells without coculture. Together, chondrocytes display comprehensive changes in coculture with MSCs and the cocultured rbACs are beneficial for cartilage repair.
Cartilage ; Chondrocytes ; Chondrogenesis ; Coculture Techniques ; Gene Expression ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Phenotype ; Population Characteristics ; Regeneration

Objective To analyze the effect of different treatment conditions on cells synchronization in G0/G1 phase to get the best con-dition, and to explore its effect on neural differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Methods BMSCs were isolated and cultured in 5%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0 fetal bovine serum (FBS) respectively, for 24 hours and 48 hours. After PI staining, cell cycle proportions of each phase were detected by flow cytometry, and were compared with the normal group (10%FBS). After the optimal treatment condition was got, 20 ng/ml bFGF was added into synchronization group and unsyn-chronization group 3 days and 7 days, respectively. The expression of Nestin and Tuj-1 were detected with immunofluorescence. Results Adult rat BMSCs were isolated from bone marrow and cultured, after passage, the cells were with long spindle shape. Compared with the normal group, the cell proportion of G1/G0 phase increased under different treatments, peaked with (94.274 ± 0.468)%under 1%FBS, 48 hours (F=39.91, P<0.001). After bFGF induction for 3 days, the Nestin+cell number was higher in the synchronization group than in the un-synchronization group [(80.3 ± 2.4)%vs. (12.1 ± 1.5)%] (F=28.25, P<0.001). After bFGF induction for 7 days, the Tuj-1+cell number was higher in the synchronization group than in the unsynchronization group [(74.8±3.2%)%vs. (19.3±2.5)%] (F=17.95, P<0.001). Conclusion 1%FBS, 48 hours is the optimal condition to BMSCs synchronization in G0/G1 phase, which can promote the neural differentiation of BM-SCs.

With the increasing international exchange of medical education , frequent exchanges increasingly of medical personnel through the cross-border and trans-regional .It caused widespread concern about the quality of medical education in different countries .This review focus on quality performance on the certification requirements of the standard of medical education .We take it as an opportunity to assess international medical education accredi-tation, and promote the reformation of teaching and examination .We tried to explore and establish the full quality assessment system for biochemistry .