Parkinson′s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that significantly impacts speech and voice, leading to hypokinetic dysarthria, a motor speech disorder. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has opened new avenues for the assessment, diagnosis, and rehabilitation of PD-associated speech impairments. This review explores the application of AI in the study of PD speech disorders, focusing on automated speech analysis, machine learning algorithms, and the development of speech pathology databases. This review also discusses the methodologies and technologies employed, such as speech signal processing, feature extraction techniques, classification algorithms, and the symptoms they can detect, including voice quality, articulation, speech rate, and prosody. The role of AI in early diagnosis, disease progression monitoring, treatment evaluation, and remote rehabilitation is highlighted. The review concludes with a discussion on the potential and challenges of AI in this field and recommendations for future research.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of personalized family doctor contract services on risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in high-risk population.Methods:Ten matched-community health centers of Shenzhen Luohu district were divided into intervention group and control group by cluster randomiztion. Subjects with high risks of ASCVD were screened out as intervention group from contracted residents who visited these centers and had complete data of the China-PAR model from August 2018 to April 2019. The control group received conventional general family doctor contract services. The individualized management were given to the intervention group after fully understanding patients′ ideas, concerns, and expectations (ICE). After 2-year intervention, score changes of ASCVD risk factors within and between groups were compared.Results:A total of 571 patients were enrolled, including 288 in the intervention group and 283 in the control group. After 2 years of intervention, 7 and 18 were lost to follow-up in two groups, respectively. Finally, 281 in the intervention group and 265 in the control group were included in the study. At baseline, there was no significant difference in ASCVD scores between the intervention group and the control group [(13.33±3.54) vs. (13.09±3.54) points; t=0.84, P=0.403], and the scores in both groups decreased significantly after the intervention [(10.89±4.01), (11.62±4.11) points], while the intervention group decreased more significantly (both P<0.05). Among the risk factors at baseline, HDL-C and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group, and there were no significant differences in other factors between the two groups. After the intervention, the levels of total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the two groups decreased significantly, and the number of people taking antihypertensive drugs increased significantly ( P<0.001 and P<0.05); HDL-C decreased in the control group ( P=0.023). After the intervention, compared to control group the intervention group had a higher proportion of patients taking antihypertensive drugs, with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure ( P<0.05). After the intervention, the increase rate of HDL-C in the intervention group was more than that in the control group, and the decrease rate was less than that in the control group (χ 2=6.65, P=0.036). Conclusion:Family doctor contract services can reduce the risk factors of ASCVD, and personalized family doctor contract services can further improve the effects in the prevention and control of ASCVD. However, the effects might be insignificant and inconsistent for the ASCVD risk factors with deeper management requirements or no specific management measures, which highlights the complexity and diversity of ASCVD prevention and control, calling for multi-level and multi-faceted thinking and exploration.

Objective:To investigate the knowledge of the disease and demands of medical intervention in high-risk individuals of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD).Methods:The 10-year ASCVD incidence risk prediction model was used to screen ASCVD high-risk individuals from Luohu district of Shenzhen city. From October 2018 to April 2019,a semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted among ASCVD high-risk individuals selected by stratified sampling method according to age, gender and educational level. The original data were analyzed with Colaizzi′s seven-step analysis method.Results:Total 37 interviewees were enrolled with an average age of (65.2±8.9) years and with an average ASCVD risk value of (14.2±3.2). Three themes were extracted from the interview, including: (1) Majority interviewees had better Knowledge about the hazards and risk factors of ASCVD; (2) Most of the interviewees had lower medical demands; (3) The interviewees were more likely to focus on symptomatic diseases or diseases disturbing them.Conclusions:The asymptomatic high-risk ASCVD individuals generally have better awareness of ASCVD and less demands for intervention. The result indicates that for health education, not only the knowledge, but also the attitude and behavior should be enhanced.

Objective    To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of curcumin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury. Methods    Totally 24 SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, a LPS group and a LPS+curcumin group (n=8 in each group). The degree of lung injury (oxygen partial pressure, wet/dry ratio, pathological scores) and inflammatory levels [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) expression] of the lung were detected in different groups. Results    Oxygen partial pressure was significantly lower in the LPS group than that in the control group (P<0.05), while wet/dry ratio, pathological scores and expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, TLR4 and HMGB1 were significantly higher in the LPS group than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the LPS group, curcumin significantly reduced wet/dry ratio, pathological scores and expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, TLR4 and HMGB1 in the LPS+curcumin group (P<0.05), while it significantly improved oxygen partial pressure (P<0.05). Conclusion    Curcumin might protect LPS-induced acute lung injury through inhibition of TLR4-HMGB1-inflammation pathway.

In left heart disease, pulmonary artery pressure would increase due to the elevated left atrial pressure. This type of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is belonged to type Ⅱ as a passive PH (pPH) in its classification. The essential cause of pPH is excessive blood volume. Recently, we have identified another type of pPH, which is induced by vasopressors. Vasopressor-induced pPH shares similar pathophysiological manifestations with left heart disease-induced pPH. pPH would, therefore, be aggressive if vasopressors were applied in patients with left heart disease, which may be common after cardiac surgery, because heart undergoing surgical trauma may require support of vasopressors. Unfortunately, pPH after cardiac surgery is often ignored because of the difficulty in diagnosis. To improve the understanding of pPH and its effect on outcomes, here we highlight the mechanisms of interaction between vasopressor-induced and left heart failure-induced pPH, and provide insights into its therapeutic options.

Objective To study the cytotoxicity of bi-chimeric antigen receptors modified T lymphocytes (BiCAR-T) on the human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line HL60 in vitro and the anti-tumor effects of BiCAR-T on the NOD SCID mouse model of AML in vivo.Methods The BiCAR-T were prepared and the expression of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) of prepared BiCAR-T was analyzed by flow cytometry.In vitro study was divided into two groups:the experiment group (BiCAR-T) and the control group (T lymphocyte).The killing rate of BiCAR-T in vitro on HL60 cells was determined by CCK8 assay and the level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secreted from BiCAR-T co-culturing with HL60 cells for 48 hours was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at different effect/target ratios (5∶1,10 ∶ 1,20 ∶ 1).The NOD SCID mice AML model was established by the injection of HL60 cells through tail vein and used to assess the antitumor effects in vivo.The mice were randomly divided into three groups according to the random number table:the blank control group receiving 0.9％ NaCl 0.2 ml through tail vein,the model group and the treatment group receiving 1 × 107 HL60 cells in 0.2 ml phosphate buffer saline (PBS).After 20 days,the treatment group was injected with 2 × 107BiCAR-T in 0.2 ml PBS 3 times a week for 2 weeks,while the other two groups received 0.9％ NaCl 0.2 ml.The pathological changes in the mice livers and spleens were observed after 2 weeks of treatment.Results The CAR expression rates of BiCAR-T were more than 50.00％.In vitro experiments proved that the killing rates of BiCAR-T in the experimental group and T lymphocytes in the control group on HL60 cells were (25.43 ±1.32)％ vs.(16.18 ±0.75)％,(50.33±3.11)％ vs.(25.47±1.27)％,and (85.89 ± 3.96) ％ vs.(49.45 ± 2.77) ％ at different effect/target ratios (5 ∶ 1,10 ∶ 1,20 ∶ 1).The killing efficiency of BiCAR-T and T lymphocytes on HL60 cells was significantly different (F =404.17,P ＜ 0.001);the killing efficiency of BiCAR-T and T lymphocytes on HL60 cells was significantly different at different effect/ target ratios (F =548.09,P ＜ 0.001);and the killing efficiency on HL60 cells in the experimental group (BiCAR-T) was significantly higher than that in the control group (T lymphocytes) at different effect/target ratios (F =45.36,P ＜ 0.001).The IFN-γlevels secreted from BiCAR-T in the experiment group and T lymphocytes in the control group co-culturing with HL60 ceils after 48 h were (435.65 ± 20.44) pg/ml vs.(356.75 ± 19.87) pg/ml,(1 639.98 ± 95.75) pg/ml vs.(1 109.37 ± 80.98) pg/ml,and (3 467.43 ± 187.54)pg/ml vs.(2 245.52 ± 112.66)pg/ml.The IFN-γlevel in the experiment group (BiCAR-T) and the control group (T lymphocytes) was significantly different (F =156.24,P ＜ 0.001);the IFN-γ level was significantly different at different effect/target ratios (F =857.67,P ＜ 0.001);the IFN-γlevel in the experimental group (BiCAR-T) was significantly higher than that in the control group (T lymphocytes) at different effect/ target ratios of 5 ∶ 1,10 ∶ 1,20 ∶ 1,respectively (F =46.31,P ＜ 0.001).The result of hematoxylineosin staining (HE) staining showed that leukocyte infiltration in the treatment group was significantly decreased compared with the model group.Conclusion The experimental results showed that BiCAR-T is a kind of efficient targeted immunocyte modified by gene engineering,and it can significantly inhibit leukocyte infiltration of AML in vivo and in vitro.

Objective To investigate the risk factors and prognosis of the patients with malignant solid tumors complicated with the disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Methods The clinical data of 54 malignant solid tumors patients complicated with DIC in Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital from January 2004 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively, which were compared with the malignant tumor patients without DIC. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of solid tumor complicated with DIC, and the effect of concurrent DIC on the prognosis of patients was analyzed. Results Multiple factor analysis showed that advanced tumor (OR = 0.252, P = 0.019), concurrent hypoproteinemia(OR=0.119,P=0.005),concurrent infection(OR=0.122,P=0.003)were the independent risk factors of the malignant solid tumor patients complicated with DIC. The case fatality rate of the patients with DIC was 85.2 % (46/54), which was higher than that of the control group (7.4 %, 4/54), and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=65.69,P <0.001).Conclusion Early detection of malignant solid tumors, positive correction of hypoproteinemia, and the effective control of infection as soon as possible can help to prevent the occurrence of DIC and reduce the death caused by DIC.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and evaluate the efficacy of manual reduction in treatment of age patients with secondary benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (s-BPPV). Methods: Thirty-two cases of aged patients ( the s-BPPV group: including 19 cases of female and 13 males, age from 60 to 86 years old)with secondary benign paroxysmal positional vertigo from Jul. 2013 to Sep. 2015 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The results were compared with 121 patients( the primary group: including 82 cases of female and 39males, aged from 60 to 86 years old)with aged primary benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(p -BPPV). All the patients were followed up for 12 months. Statistical data analysis was carried out with SPSS 19.0. Results: 20.92%(32/153)of all the observed elderly patients with BPPV was the aged s-BPPV. The sex ratio and onset age had no significant difference between the two groups(χ²=0.79, P>0.05; t=0.37, P>0.05). The rate of two or more semicircular canal involvement in the secondary group(21.88%) was higher than that in primary group(6.61%)(χ²=6.67, P<0.05). Bilateral semicircular canals were involved in 5 of the 32 cases in secondary group(15.63%) and 4 of the 121 cases in aged primary group(3.31%), The difference was significant(χ²=6.94, P<0.05). The effective rate after first manual reduction was 57.50%(23/40)in secondary group and 82.31%(107/130)in primary group, the difference was significant(χ²=10.46, P<0.05). The total effective rate were 87.50%(35/40) after more than once manual reduction in secondary group and 91.54%(119/130) in primary group, the difference was not significant(χ²= 0.59, P>0.05). The numbers of circulation of the first successful manual reduction management were (3.9±1.3)times in secondary group and (2.1±1.1)times in primary group, the difference was significant(t=3.15, P<0.05). The recurrence rate was 37.50%(15/40) in the secondary group and 16.15%(21/130)in primary group after during follow-up for 12 months, the difference was statistically significant(χ²=8.35, P<0.05). Conclusions It′s shown that the aged patients with secondary BPPV is not rare in clinical practice, sudden deafness and head trauma are frequent more than other reasons. The aged patients with secondary BPPV are prone to injury in multi-semicircular and bilateral canal compared with the primary BPPV. The effective rate after first manual reduction of secondary BPPV is lower than primary BPPV, it′s needed more circulation of first success in manual reduction management. The total effective rates are not significant in two groups and recurrence rate is relatively high in secondary group.

Objective To study the effect of mitogen-activated protein kinas/extracellular signalregulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathway on cell proliferation modulated by Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) isolated from patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods The synovial tissue were collected by the synovial arthroscopic debridement or arthroscopic synovectomy of RA patients with active disease activity [disease activity score(DAS)28 ≥3.2].The RA-FLS were primarily cultured by the explanted culture,and then were treated with Shh agonist purmorphamine,inhibitor cyclopamine or MAPK/ERK signaling pathway inhibitor U0126,respectively.Western blotting was used to examine the phosphorylation level of ERK 1/2 (p-ERK1/2),which was the critical protein of MAPK/ERK signaling.The cell proliferation activity was detected using cell proliferation and cytotoxicity kit-8 (CCK8),and the cell proliferation rate was detected using a flow cytometry.Analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis H(K) test were used for statistical analysis.Results Compared with the control group,purmorphamine transiently increased p-ERK1/2 protein at the concentration of 1 μmol/L,and the peak activations of p-ERK1/2 took place at 15 min (P＜0.01).Cyclopamine and U0126 decreased the expression ofp-ERK1/2 protein (P＜0.01).After the RA-FLS treated with purmorphmine(1 μmol/L)for 48 hours,the cell proliferation activity was (114±4)％ and the percentage of S phase cells was (8.39±0.60)％,which was significantly higher than those of the control group (100±0)％ (P＜0.01) and (3.29±0.69)％ (P＜0.01).After treated with cyclopamine (10 μmol/L) for 48 hours,the cell proliferation activity of RA-FLS was (89±1)％ (P＜0.05) and the percentage of S phase cells was (1.53±0.22)％ (P＜0.05).When co-treated with purmorphamine (1 μmol/L) and U0126 (10 μmol/L),the cell proliferative activity was (89±2)％ (P＜0.05) and the percentage of S phase cells was(1.07±0.25)％(P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Shh may promote proliferation of RA-FLS via modulating MAPK/ERK signaling,which in turn contributes to hyperplasia of synovium and ultimately leading to RA.

Objective To analyze the positive rate of autoantibodies in Xinjiang Uygur patients with different types of auto‐immune liver disease and its diagnostic value .Methods Fifty‐one Uygur outpatients and inpatients with of autoimmune liver disease in our hospital from October 2012 to October 2014 were selected ,including 20 cases of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH ,AIH group) and 31 cases of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC ,PBC group) .The indirect immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to detect the serum biochemical indexes and autoantobodies ,and the comparative analysis was performed .Results The levels of various bio‐chemical indexes in the two groups were increased ,in which ALT ,γ‐GT ,ALP and IgM levels had statistical difference between the two groups(P<0 .05) .The positive rates of ANA ,SMA ,LKM‐1 antibody ,LC‐1 antibody ,SDLA/LP antibody and AMA in the AIH group were 65 .0% ,40 .0% ,10 .0% ,5 .0% ,10 .0% and 5 .0% respectively ;the positive rates of ANA ,AMA and M2 subtype (AMA‐M2) in the PBC group were 61 .3% ,100 .0% and 96 .8% respectively .Conclusion The autoantibodies spectrum in Xinjiang Uygur patients with autoimmune liver diseases has certain characteristics .The autoantibodies spectrum detection has an important significance for the diagnosis ,classification and differential diagnosis of autoimmune liver diseases .