ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） among female college students at a university in Fuzhou City， Jiangxi Province， and to facilitate early detection and intervention of PCOS. MethodsUsing a stratified sampling method， a total of 450 female freshmen were randomly selected for PCOS screening. A self-designed questionnaire was used for data collection， covering menstrual status， high androgen signs， lifestyle， dietary habits， and awareness of PCOS. Sample t test and χ² test were used to compare the basic information and dietary habits between PCOS and non-PCOS cases. The correlation between various indicators and the prevalence of PCOS was analyzed by a logistic regression model. ResultsA total of 12 PCOS cases were identified， with a prevalence rate of 2.99%. PCOS cases exhibited statistically significant differences compared to non-PCOS cases in terms of waist-to-hip ratio， waist circumference， abdominal obesity， the proportion of overweight or obese individuals， and a preference for sweet food （all P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between preference for sweet food and the occurrence of PCOS （OR=4.858， 95%CI=1.199‒19.675，P=0.027）， as well as a significant correlation with PCOS accompanied by abdominal obesity （OR=7.083， 95%CI=0.773‒64.937， P=0.048）. Among the female college students surveyed， 37.90% had never heard of PCOS， 51.62% were only familiar with the name of the disease， and 10.47% had attempted to search for PCOS-related information. ConclusionThe prevalence of PCOS among female college students should not be overlooked and unhealthy dietary habits may be a crucial factor contributing to the occurrence of PCOS during this period. Early screening for PCOS during puberty is crucial.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) .Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and pathological data of 34 newly diagnosed PTL patients admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital from September 2010 to February 2023. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Log-rank test were used for survival analysis, and the Cox regression model was applied for univariate analysis of prognostic factors.Results:All 34 PTL patients presented with cervical mass as the initial clinical manifestation. There were 9 males and 25 females. The pathological diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in 29 patients and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma in 5 patients. Among the DLBCL patients, 6 had B symptoms, 17 had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of ≥2, the Ann Arbor staging was stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ in 21 cases and stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ in 8 cases, the tumor diameter was ≥10 cm in 4 cases, and 14 had concurrent Hashimoto thyroiditis; 27 cases received chemotherapy, with 21 cases achieving complete remission (CR), 2 cases partial remission (PR), and 6 cases of disease progression; the 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 78.9% and 77.4%, respectively; univariate survival analysis showed that B symptoms, tumor diameter ≥10 cm, and Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ were significant factors affecting patient prognosis ( P<0.05). MALT lymphoma patients were all in stages Ⅰ-Ⅱ, had an ECOG score of 0-1, and were without B symptoms. All patients underwent surgical resection, with 4 cases achieving CR and 1 case PR. Conclusion:PTL is more common in females with concurrent Hashimoto thyroiditis, with the majority of pathological types being B-cell lymphoma. The main treatment is chemotherapy, supplemented by radiotherapy and surgery, and the prognosis is relatively favorable.

Objective:To investigate whether silencing information regulator 1 (SIRT1) activation can relieve paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain by inhibiting mitochondrial damage in dorsal root ganglion neurons.Methods:Forty-eight healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into solvent control group, paclitaxel group, paclitaxel+SIRT1 inhibitor group and paclitaxel+SIRT1 agonist group ( n=12). Neuropathic pain model in the later 3 groups was prepared by intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel at 8 mg/kg on the 1 st, 4 th and 7 th d of experiment, respectively; rats in the paclitaxel+SIRT1 inhibitor group and paclitaxel+SIRT1 agonist group were respectively injected with SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 or agonist SRT1720 30 min before the first injection of paclitaxel. In addition, neuropathic pain model was established in 12 rats (model group) by the same method and SIRT1 expression in the dorsal root ganglion tissues was detected by Western blotting 1 d before experiment and on the 3 rd, 7 th and 14 th d of experiment, respectively. Von-Frey filament was used to detect the 50% paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT), and thermal radiation thermal pain detector was used to evaluate the paw withdraw thermal latency (PWTL) 1 d before experiment and on the 3 rd, 7 th and 14 th d of experiment. On the 7 th d of experiment, 6 rats in each group were sacrificed with excessive anesthesia after PWMT and PWTL detection; L 4-L 6 dorsal root ganglion tissues were rapidly isolated and primary neurons were cultured; Western blotting was used to detect SIRT1 expression in the dorsal root ganglion tissues, JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential detection kit was used to detect mitochondrial membrane potential (ratio of orange-red fluorescence to green fluorescence), hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) detection kit was used to detect H 2O 2 concentration, and mitochondrial superoxide detection kit and mitochondrial green fluorescence probe kit were used to detect mitochondrial superoxide expression. Results:In the model group, SIRT1 expression in the dorsal root ganglion tissues one d before experiment was significantly decreased compared with that on the 3 rd, 7 th and 14 th d of the experiment ( P<0.05). On 3 rd, 7 th and 14 th d of experiment, compared with the solvent control group, the paclitaxel group had significantly decreased 50% PWMT ([6.37±2.27] g, [5.47±2.42] g and [5.34±1.74] g), and PWTL ([9.38±1.27] s, [9.70±1.97] s and [9.12±1.21] s, P<0.05); compared with the paclitaxel group, the paclitaxel+SIRT1 agonist group had significantly increased 50% PWMT ([13.86±3.72] g, [11.87±3.10] g and [12.39±2.94] g) and PWTL ([14.25±2.63] s, [13.29±2.94] s and [14.43±3.91] s), and the paclitaxel+SIRT1 inhibitor group had significantly decreased 50% PWMT [(2.20±1.43] g, [2.43±1.44] g and [2.21±1.56] g) and PWTL ([4.47±1.66] s, [3.65±1.80] s and [3.14±1.59] s, P<0.05). On the 7 th d of experiment, the paclitaxel group had significantly decreased SIRT1 protein expression (53.95±7.37) and ratio of orange-red fluorescence to green fluorescence (48.74±14.57), and significantly increased H 2O 2 concentration ([4.86±0.69] μmol/L) and mitochondrial superoxide expression (180.17±12.08) in the dorsal root ganglion tissues compared with the solvent control group ( P<0.05); compared with the paclitaxel group, the paclitaxel+SIRT1 agonist group had significantly increased SIRT1 expression (97.51±10.09) and ratio of orange-red fluorescence to green fluorescence (83.52±8.60) and decreased H 2O 2 concentration ([2.30±0.39] μmol/L) and mitochondrial superoxide expression (90.17±18.84) in the dorsal root ganglion tissues ( P<0.05); compared with the paclitaxel group, the paclitaxel+SIRT1 inhibitor group had significantly decreased SIRT1 expression (30.80±6.31) and ratio of orange-red fluorescence to green fluorescence (24.60±6.19) and increased H 2O 2 concentration ([10.67±1.85] μmol/L) and mitochondrial superoxide expression (294.52±26.94) in the dorsal root ganglion tissues ( P<0.05). Conclusion:SIRT1 activation can alleviate paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain by inhibiting mitochondrial damage in dorsal root ganglion neurons.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of alcohol consumption and the burden of hemorrhagic stroke and hypertensive heart disease attributed to alcohol consumption in adults aged ≥20 years in 31 provinces in China from 2005 to 2018. Methods: Data from several national representative surveys was used to estimate provincial alcohol exposure level of adults aged ≥20 years from 2005 to 2018 by using kriging interpolation and locally weighted regression methods. Global disease burden research method and data, and China's death cause surveillance data were used to calculate the population attributable fraction (PAF) of hemorrhagic stroke and hypertensive heart disease and the deaths due to alcohol consumption in men and women aged ≥20 years in 31 provinces in China. China census data of 2010 were used to calculate the attributable standardized mortality rate. Results: In 2005 and 2018, the prevalence of alcohol consumption was 58.7% (95%CI: 57.8%-59.5%) and 58.4% (95%CI: 57.6%-59.3%), respectively, in men and 17.0% (95%CI: 16.6%-17.4%) and 18.7% (95%CI:18.1%-19.3%), respectively, in women. The daily alcohol intake was 24.6 (95%CI: 23.8-25.3) g and 27.7 (95%CI: 26.8-28.7) g, respectively, in men and 6.3 (95%CI: 6.0-6.5) g and 5.3 (95%CI: 5.0-5.6) g, respectively, in women. Alcohol exposure level was higher in the provinces in central and eastern China than in western provinces. The lowest exposure level was found in northwestern provinces. From 2005 to 2018, the PAF of hemorrhagic stroke death due to alcohol consumption increased from 5.5% to 6.8%, the attributable deaths increased from 50 200 to 59 100, while the PAF of hypertensive heart disease death due to alcohol consumption increased from 7.0% to 7.7%, the attributable deaths increased from 15 200 to 29 300. The PAF of hypertensive heart disease and hemorrhagic stroke was higher in men than in women, and in central and eastern provinces than in western provinces. In 2018, the standardized mortality rates of hemorrhagic stroke and hypertensive heart disease attributed to alcohol consumption were 4.58/100 000 and 2.11/100 000, respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of alcohol consumption in men and daily alcohol intake of drinkers were relatively high in China, especially in eastern provinces. Alcohol exposure level was lower in women than in men. Regional measures should be taken to reduce the alcohol intakes in men and current drinkers in order to reduce the health problems caused by alcohol consumption.
Adult ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; Hemorrhagic Stroke ; Hypertension/epidemiology* ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology* ; Heart Diseases/epidemiology* ; China/epidemiology*

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at investigating the carrier rate of, and molecular variation in, α- and β-globin gene mutations in Hunan Province. METHODS: We recruited 25,946 individuals attending premarital screening from 42 districts and counties in all 14 cities of Hunan Province. Hematological screening was performed, and molecular parameters were assessed. RESULTS: The overall carrier rate of thalassemia was 7.1%, including 4.83% for α-thalassemia, 2.15% for β-thalassemia, and 0.12% for both α- and β-thalassemia. The highest carrier rate of thalassemia was in Yongzhou (14.57%). The most abundant genotype of α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia was -α ^3.7/αα (50.23%) and β ^IVS-II-654/β ^N (28.23%), respectively. Four α-globin mutations [CD108 (ACC>AAC), CAP +29 (G>C), Hb Agrinio and Hb Cervantes] and six β-globin mutations [CAP +8 (C>T), IVS-II-848 (C>T), -56 (G>C), beta nt-77 (G>C), codon 20/21 (-TGGA) and Hb Knossos] had not previously been identified in China. Furthermore, this study provides the first report of the carrier rates of abnormal hemoglobin variants and α-globin triplication in Hunan Province, which were 0.49% and 1.99%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates the high complexity and diversity of thalassemia gene mutations in the Hunan population. The results should facilitate genetic counselling and the prevention of severe thalassemia in this region.
Humans ; beta-Thalassemia/genetics* ; alpha-Thalassemia/genetics* ; Hemoglobinopathies/genetics* ; China/epidemiology* ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing

This study identified the anti-depression targets of Kaixin San(KXS) in the brain tissue with "target fishing" strategy, and explored the target-associated pharmacological signaling pathways to reveal the anti-depression molecular mechanism of KXS. The Balb/c mouse model of depression was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) and the anti-depression effect of KXS was evaluated by forced swimming test and sucrose preference test. KXS active components were bonded to the benzophenone-modified magnetic nanoparticles by photocrosslinking reaction for capturing target proteins from cortex, thalamus and hippocampus of depressive mice. The target proteins were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS). The enrichment analysis on signaling pathways was performed by Cytoscape. The potential biological functions of targets were verified by immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay. The results showed that KXS significantly improved the behavioral indexes. There were 64, 91, and 44 potential targets of KXS identified in cortex, thalamus, and hippocampus, respectively, according to the target identification experiment. The functions of these targets were mainly associated with vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption, salmonella infection, thyroid hormone synthesis, and other signaling pathways. Besides, the results of immunohistochemistry and Western blot showed that KXS up-regulated the expressions of argipressine(AVP) in the cortex, heat shock protein 60(HSP60), cytochrome C oxidase 4(COX4), and thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TRH) in the thalamus, and down-regulated the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) p65 in the thalamus. Therefore, KXS may exert anti-depression effect through regulating vasopressin signaling pathway in the cortex and inflammation, energy metabolism, and thyroid hormone signaling pathways in the thalamus, and the effect of KXS on hippocampus is not significant.
Animals ; Mice ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Hippocampus ; Stress, Psychological/drug therapy* ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Depression/drug therapy*

This study aimed to identify the direct pharmacological targets of Jingfang Granules in treating infectious pneumonia via "target fishing" strategy. Moreover, the molecular mechanism of Jingfang Granules in treating infectious pneumonia was also investigated based on target-related pharmacological signaling pathways. First, the Jingfang Granules extract-bound magnetic nanoparticles were prepared, which were incubated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced mouse pneumonia tissue lysates. The captured proteins were analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS), and the target groups with specific binding to the Jingfang Granules extract were screened out. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis was used to identify the target protein-associated signaling pathways. On this basis, the LPS-induced mouse model of infectious pneumonia was established. The possible biological functions of target proteins were verified by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and immunohistochemical assay. A total of 186 Jingfang Granules-specific binding proteins were identified from lung tissues. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the target protein-associated signaling pathways mainly included Salmonella infection, vascular and pulmonary epithelial adherens junction, ribosomal viral replication, viral endocytosis, and fatty acid degradation. The target functions of Jingfang Granules were related to pulmonary inflammation and immunity, pulmonary energy metabolism, pulmonary microcirculation, and viral infection. Based on the in vivo inflammation model, Jingfang Granules significantly improved the alveolar structure of the LPS-induced mouse model of infectious pneumonia and down-regulated the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6). Meanwhile, Jingfang Gra-nules significantly up-regulated the expressions of key proteins of mitochondrial function COX Ⅳ and ATP, microcirculation-related proteins CD31 and Occludin, and proteins associated with viral infection DDX21 and DDX3. These results suggest that Jingfang Gra-nules can inhibit lung inflammation, improve lung energy metabolism and pulmonary microcirculation, resist virus infection, thus playing a protective role in the lung. This study systematically explains the molecular mechanism of Jingfang Granules in the treatment of respiratory inflammation from the perspective of target-signaling pathway-pharmacological efficacy, thereby providing key information for clinical rational use of Jingfang Granules and expanding potential pharmacological application.
Animals ; Mice ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Pneumonia ; Inflammation ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Biological Assay ; Disease Models, Animal ; Interleukin-6

Animals ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Macaca mulatta ; COVID-19/prevention & control* ; Antibodies, Viral ; Vaccines

BACKGROUND: LY01005 (Goserelin acetate sustained-release microsphere injection) is a modified gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist injected monthly. This phase III trial study aimed to evaluated the efficacy and safety of LY01005 in Chinese patients with prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial across 49 sites in China. This study included 290 patients with prostate cancer who received either LY01005 or goserelin implants every 28 days for three injections. The primary efficacy endpoints were the percentage of patients with testosterone suppression ≤50 ng/dL at day 29 and the cumulative probability of testosterone ≤50 ng/dL from day 29 to 85. Non-inferiority was prespecified at a margin of -10%. Secondary endpoints included significant castration (≤20 ng/dL), testosterone surge within 72 h following repeated dosing, and changes in luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prostate specific antigen levels. RESULTS: On day 29, in the LY01005 and goserelin implant groups, testosterone concentrations fell below medical-castration levels in 99.3% (142/143) and 100% (140/140) of patients, respectively, with a difference of -0.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], -3.9% to 2.0%) between the two groups. The cumulative probabilities of maintaining castration from days 29 to 85 were 99.3% and 97.8%, respectively, with a between-group difference of 1.5% (95% CI, -1.3% to 4.4%). Both results met the criterion for non-inferiority. Secondary endpoints were similar between groups. Both treatments were well-tolerated. LY01005 was associated with fewer injection-site reactions than the goserelin implant (0% vs . 1.4% [2/145]). CONCLUSION: LY01005 is as effective as goserelin implants in reducing testosterone to castration levels, with a similar safety profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04563936.
Humans ; Male ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use* ; East Asian People ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists* ; Goserelin/therapeutic use* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Testosterone

BACKGROUND: Management of gastric leak after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is challenging due to its unpredictable outcomes. We aimed to summarize the characteristics of SG leaks and analyze interventions and corresponding outcomes in a real-world setting. METHODS: To retrospectively review of 15,721 SG procedures from 2010 to 2020 based on a national registry. A cumulative sum analysis was used to identify a fitting curve of gastric leak rate. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests were performed to calculate and compare the probabilities of relevant outcomes. The logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the predictors of acute leaks. RESULTS: A total of 78 cases of SG leaks were collected with an incidence of 0.5% (78/15,721) from this registry (6 patients who had the primary SG in non-participating centers). After accumulating 260 cases in a bariatric surgery center, the leak rate decreased to a stably low value of under 1.17%. The significant differences presented in sex, waist circumference, and the proportion of hypoproteinemia and type 2 diabetes at baseline between patients with SG leak and the whole registry population ( P = 0.005, = 0.026, <0.001, and = 0.001, respectively). Moreover, 83.1% (59/71) of the leakage was near the esophagogastric junction region. Leakage healed in 64 (88.9%, 64/72) patients. The median healing time of acute and non-acute leaks was 5.93 months and 8.12 months, respectively. Acute leak (38/72, 52.8%) was the predominant type with a cumulative reoperation rate >50%, whereas the cumulative healing probability in the patients who required surgical treatment was significantly lower than those requring non-surgical treatment ( P = 0.013). Precise dissection in the His angle area was independently associated with a lower acute leak rate, whereas preservation ≥2 cm distance from the His angle area was an independent risk factor. CONCLUSIONS Male sex, elevated waist circumference, hypoproteinaemia, and type 2 diabetes are risk factors of gastric leaks after SG. Optimizing surgical techniques, including precise dissection of His angle area and preservation of smaller gastric fundus, should be suggested to prevent acute leaks.
Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications* ; Obesity, Morbid ; Anastomotic Leak/epidemiology* ; Gastrectomy/methods* ; Reoperation/methods* ; Registries ; Laparoscopy/methods* ; Treatment Outcome