Aim To study the neuroprotective effects of Herba siegesbeckiae extract on cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion rats and its mechanism. Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into model group, low, middle and high dose groups of Herba siegesbeckiae, and Sham operation group, and the drug was given continuously for seven days. The degree of neurologic impairment was evaluated by mNSS, and the infarct volume was measured by MRI. The number of Nissl-posi- tive cells was detected by Nissl staining, and the apop- tosis was accessed by Tunel staining. Furthermore, the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and NeuN was observed by Western blot, and the expression of NeuN was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The expression of IL- 1β, TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA was performed by RT- qPCR. Results The mNSS score and the volume of ischemic cerebral infarction in the model group were significantly increased, and Herba siegesbeckiae extract treatment significantly decreased the mNSS score and infarct volume (P<0.05, P<0.01). Herba siegesbeckiae extract could increase the number of Nissl-pos- itive cells and the expression of NeuN (P<0.01), and reduce the number of Tunel-positive cells (P<0.01). Western blot showed that Herba siegesbeckiae extract inhibited the expression of Bax, increased Bcl-2 and NeuN in ischemic brain tissue (P<0.01). RT-qPCR showed that Herba siegesbeckiae extract inhibited the expression of IL-1 β, TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA in the is-chemic brain tissue (P<0.01). Conclusions Herba siegesbeckiae extract can reduce the cerebral infarction volume, improve the neurological function damage, inhibit the apoptosis of nerve cells and the expression of inflammatory factors and promote the expression of NeuN, there by exerting protective effects on MCAO rats.

Objective To study the bioequivalence of two glipizide tablets in healthy Chinese subjects.Methods Randomized,open,single-administration,two-period,self-cross-over trial design was used in the study.There were 28 Chinese healthy subjects in the fasted state and 28 in the fed state,complete repeat cross single dose oral glipizide tablets test preparation or reference preparation 5 mg.The plasma concentration of glipizide was determined by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry at different time points after administration.The non-compartmental model was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and evaluate the bioequivalence of the two formulations.Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of glipizide in the fasted state were as follows:Cmax were(551.60±91.26)and(518.10±105.10)ng·mL-1;AUC0-t were(3 074.33±861.91)and(3 026.77±934.25)h·ng·mL-1;AUC0-∞ were(3 204.85±990.78)and(3 166.35±1 107.36)h ng·mL-1.The parameters of glipizide in the fed state were as follows:Cmax were(517.30±98.97)and(472.80±114.48)ng·mL-1;AUC0-t were(3 001.12±830.87)and(2 932.79±736.35)h·ng·mL-1;AUC0-∞ were(3 067.00±918.84)and(2 997.44±819.14)h·ng·mL-1.The 90％confidence interval of the Cmax,AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ of the test formulation and the reference formulation were from 80.00％to 125.00％.The incidence of adverse events in fasted group and fed group was no serious adverse events.Conclusion The two glipizide tablets were bioequivalent under fasted and fed conditions,and good security.

The update of multi-omics technology is a key means to promote the rapid development of accurate health model in the whole life cycle.It can formulate dynamic and accurate nursing measures and provide massive data information from the perspective of nursing biology of health and disease.At present,clinical nursing research faces many challenges such as insufficient application and transformation ability of multi-omics technology.This paper introduces the multi-omics technology,reviews the application status of multi-omics technology in cancer nursing,maternal and child nursing,chronic metabolic disease nursing and symptom management,and puts forward the cross integration and prospect of multi-omics technology and nursing research,so as to strengthen the information mining ability of nurses at different levels of health and disease,and provide an important basis for accelerating the clinical transformation of precision nursing.

Further evidence is needed to explore the impact of high-altitude environments on the neurologic function of neonates.Non-invasive techniques such as cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography can provide data on cerebral oxygenation and brain electrical activity.This study will conduct multiple cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography monitoring sessions at various time points within the first 3 days postpartum for healthy full-term neonates at different altitudes.The obtained data on cerebral oxygenation and brain electrical activity will be compared between different altitudes,and corresponding reference ranges will be established.The study involves 6 participating centers in the Chinese High Altitude Neonatal Medicine Alliance,with altitude gradients divided into 4 categories:800 m,1 900 m,2 400 m,and 3 500 m,with an anticipated sample size of 170 neonates per altitude gradient.This multicenter prospective cohort study aims to provide evidence supporting the impact of high-altitude environments on early brain function and metabolism in neonates.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(4):403-409]

"Shaoyang as the pivot"is one of the important concepts in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.It is believed that shaoyang is located between half exterior and half interior,which reaches the muscular striae and the exterior and connects with the internal organs,and plays the role of promoting qi movement,regulating water channel and distributing ministerial fire.The dysfunction of shaoyang pivot leads to the disorder of qi movement,abnormal water metabolism,and stagnation or hyperactivity of ministerial fire.Cholinergic urticaria is a special type of urticaria caused by the disorder of cholinergic nerve conduction,which has a long course of disease and is difficult to be cured.According to the clinical characteristics of the disease,Professor SUI Dao-Shun believes that the dysfunction of shaoyang pivot is the core pathogenesis of cholinergic urticaria.Emotional disorders lead to the dysfunction of pivot,and then cause the disordered flow of qi and fluid and internal disturbance of hyperactive ministerial fire,which induce the disharmony between nutritive qi and defensive qi,and the failure of being against the pathogens.Finally,wind pathogen attacks the skin and muscular striae and becomes latent,and results in cholinergic urticaria.For the treatment of cholinergic urticaria,Chaihu Guizhi Decoction can be used as the basic prescription to harmonize shaoyang,expel pathogens and release exterior.Corresponding modification of herbal medicines should be performed for various syndromes caused by the dysfunction of shaoyang pivot such as qi stagnation,dampness retention and heat stagnation during the clinical application.The prevention and treatment of cholinergic urticaria based on the theory of shaoyang as the pivot can provide thoughts for the clinical treatment of cholinergic urticaria.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of combined detection of serum microribonucleic acid-30c-5p(miR-30c-5p)and neuroligin-1(NLGN1)for postoperative recur-rence and metastasis in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer.Methods:A total of 112 colorectal cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection from August 2021 to August 2022 were regarded as the diseased group.They were separated into a recurrent group(n=28)and a non-recurrent group(n=84)based on whether the patients had recurrence or metastasis within 12 months after surgery.Additionally,92 normal volunteers who underwent physical examinations were as the control group.QRT-PCR was applied to de-tect serum miR-30c-5p and NLGN1 mRNA levels.Multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyze the affecting factors of postoperative recurrence and metastasis in patients.Receiver op-erating characteristic(ROC)curve was plotted to analyze the predictive value of serum miR-30c-5p and NLGN1 mRNA for postoperative recurrence and metastasis in patients.Pearson method was applied to analyze the correlation between miR-30c-5p and NLGN1.Results:The miR-30c-5p level in the diseased group was greatly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05),and the NLGN1 mRNA level was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Compared with the non recurrent group,the miR-30c-5p level in the recurrent group was significantly re-duced(P＜0.05),while the NLGN1 mRNA level was significantly increased(P＜0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in tissue differentiation between the non-recurrent group and the recurrent group(P＜0.05).Low differentiation of tumor tissues and elevated level of NLGN1 mRNA were risk factors for postoperative recurrence and metastasis(P＜0.05).Elevated level of miR-30c-5p was a protective factor of postoperative recurrence and metastasis(P＜0.05).The AUC of serum miR-30c-5p,NLGN1 mRNA,and their combined prediction for postoperative re-currence and metasta sis in patients was 0.823,0.823,and 0.902,which was greatly better than the individual prediction of miR-30c-5p(Z=2.031,P=0.042)and NLGN1 mRNA(Z=2.239,P=0.025).There was a negative correlation between miR-30c-5p and NLGN1 mRNA levels(r=-0.436,P＜0.05).Conclusion:The dicrease of miR-30c-5p level and increase of NLGN1 mRNA level in laparoscopic colorectal cancer patient has auxiliary predictive value for postoperative recur-rence and metastasis.

Aim To study the permeability of salidro-side(Sal)to the blood brain barrier(BBB)by high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ioniza-tion tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-ESI-MS-MS),and to explore the target and mechanism of Sal in the treatment of ischemic stroke(IS)by network pharma-cology,molecular docking technique and animal exper-iment.Methods UPLC-ESI-MS/MS was used to study the BBB penetration of Sal.Multiple databases were used to predict the target of Sal and the disease target of IS,GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed and verified by molecular docking technique and animal experiments.Results After Sal adminis-tration to normal rats and MCAO rats,Sal prototype and the metabolite tyrosol were detected in plasma and brain tissue of rats.A total of 191 targets were identi-fied by network pharmacology,the enrichment analysis of GO mainly involved in the biological processes of proteolysis and positive regulation of cell migration,and the analysis of KEGG pathway suggested that PI3K-Akt,MAPK,FOXO and other signaling path-ways played a key role in the treatment of IS by Sal The results of molecular docking showed that Sal had good binding ability with the core target of docking,and the results of animal experiments showed that Sal could significantly improve the neurologic impairment of MCAO rats,the number of Nissl-positive cells in is-chemic side significantly increased,and the expression of VEGF,EGFR and IGF1 increased,while the ex-pression of IL-6 and MMP9 was inhibited.Conclu-sions Sal is able to penetrate the BBB and enter the central nervous system for its pharmacological effects.Network pharmacology predicts the core targets of Sal in the treatment of IS,including VEGFA,EGFR,IL-6,MMP9,IGF1,CASP3,ALB,SRC.The effects of Sal on some core targets can be verified by animal ex-periments,to provide a reference for further study of the mechanism of Sal in the treatment of IS.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the cerebral metabolism in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus-associated cognitive dysfunction (T2DACD) and explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) at the acupoints for Tiaozang Xingshen (adjusting zangfu function and rescuing the spirit) in treatment of T2DACD, using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. METHODS: Fifteen patients with T2DACD (observation group) and 22 healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled. In the observation group, the patients were treated with EA for Tiaozang Xingshen at Baihui (GV 20) and Shenting (GV 24), and bilateral Feishu (BL 13), Pishu (BL 20), Shenshu (BL 23), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Hegu (LI 4) and Taichong (LR 3). EA was operated with disperse-dense wave, 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency and 0.1 mA to 1.0 mA in current intensity; 30 min each time, once daily. One course of EA consisted of 5 treatments, at the interval of 2 days and the intervention lasted 8 courses. Before treatment in the control group, before and after treatment in the observation group, the score of Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA), the score of clinical dementia rating (CDR), Flanker paradigm, Stroop paradigm, Nback paradigm, the score of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), the score of self-rating depression scale (SDS), and the score of Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) were evaluated separately; the glycolipid metabolic indexes (fasting plasma glucose [FPG], glycosylated hemoglobin type A1c [HbA1c], total cholesterol [TC], triacylglycerol [TG], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]) were determined；with the magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique adopted, the metabolites in the basal ganglia area were detected. The correlation analysis was performed for the metabolite values with MoCA score, CDR score , Flanker paradigm, Stroop paradigm, and Nback paradigm. RESULTS: Before treatment, compared with the control group, in the observation group, MoCA score was lower (P<0.001), CDR score and the levels of FPG and HbA1c were higher (P<0.001); the reaction times of Flanker non-conflict, Flanker conflict, Stroop neutrality, Stroop congruence, Stroop conflict, and 1-back were prolonged (P<0.05, P<0.001), and the accuracy of Flanker conflict, Stroop conflict, and 1-back decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01); the ratio of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) to creatine (Cr) in the left basal ganglia area was dropped (P<0.001), and that of myo-inositol (MI) to Cr in the right side increased (P<0.05). In the observation group after treatment, compared with the levels before treatment, MoCA score was higher (P<0.001), the scores of CDR, SAS and HAMD were reduced (P<0.01, P<0.05), the reaction times of Flanker conflict and Stroop conflict shortened (P<0.001, P<0.05), and the accuracy of Flanker conflict and 1-back increased (P<0.001, P<0.05); the ratio of NAA to Cr in the left basal ganglia area and that of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to Cr in the right increased (P<0.05), that of MI to Cr in the right decreased (P<0.05). Before treatment, in the observation group, the ratio of MI to Cr in the right basal ganglia area was positively correlated with the reaction time of Stroop congruence (r=0.671, P=0.012) and this ratio was positively correlated with the reaction time of Stroop conflict (r=0.576, P=0.039). CONCLUSIONS Electroacupuncture for "adjusting zangfu function and rescuing the mind" improves the cognitive function of T2DACD patients, which may be related to the regulation of NAA, MI and GABA levels in the basal ganglia.
Humans ; Electroacupuncture ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Acupuncture Points ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy* ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Cognitive Dysfunction/therapy* ; Cholesterol ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence, genotype distribution and hematological characteristics of α,β-thalassaemia carriers in Huizhou area of Guangdong Province. METHODS: 10 809 carriers of simple β-thalassaemia and 1 757 carriers of α,β-thalassaemia were enrolled as our study cohort. The hematological parameters were detected by automated blood cell counters and automatic capillary electrophoresis. Suspension array technology, gap-polymerase chain reaction (gap-PCR) and PCR-reverse dot blot were used for the genotyping of thalassaemia carriers. RESULTS: The prevalence of α,β-thalassaemia in Huizhou area of Guangdong Province was 1.99%. A total of 62 genotypes were detected, and the most prevalent genotype was --^SEA/ αα, β^CD41-42/ β^N (19.29%), the next was --^SEA/ αα, β^IVS-II-654/ β^N (16.73%). Significant differences in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were found between different genotype groups for simple β-thalassaemia and α,β-thalassaemia. Violin plots showed that carriers with co-inheritance of β-thalassaemia and mild α-thalassaemia expressed the lightest anemia, and carriers with co-inheritance of β-thalassaemia and hemoglobin H (Hb H) disease expressed the most severe anemia. CONCLUSION There is a high prevalence of α,β-thalassaemia in Huizhou area of Guangdong Province. Because of the lack of specific hematological makers for diagnosis of α,β-thalassaemia, it is necessary to distinguish it from simple β-thalassaemia by genotyping of α- and β-thalassaemia in order to correctly guide genetic counseling and prenatal disgnosis.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; beta-Thalassemia/genetics* ; Genotype ; Heterozygote ; Phenotype ; alpha-Thalassemia/genetics* ; China/epidemiology* ; Mutation

Aim To explore the alternative study on rat blood pressure method and HPLC method for vasopressin impurity test of oxytocin injection from biological extraction. Methods The HPLC method for the vasopressin impurity test in vitro was established and validated. The bio-extrac tion oxytocin injection samples and simulated samples were examined for vasopressin impurity by HPLC and rat blood pressure methods respectively. Results Vasopressin and adjacent impurity peaks were successfully separated by the established method. In the range of 210~13 330 IU•L -1the concentration of vasopressin had a good linear relationship with its peak area with r=0.999 9. The results of HPLC method were consistent with the biological examination method-rat blood pressure method in the current standard. Conclusions The method is proved to be specific, sensitive, and accurate, which can be used as a test method for vasopressin impurity to replace the rat blood pressure method in the current standard.