Purpose To investigate the diagnostic value of 18F-FDOPA PET/CT imaging and semi-quantitative analysis platform for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease(PD).Materials and Methods There were 27 healthy controls and 56 clinically diagnosed PD patients,including 33 early PD(Hoehn-Yahr class Ⅰ-Ⅱ)and 23 advanced PD(Hoehn-Yahr class Ⅲ-Ⅳ),underwent 18F-FDOPA PET imaging in Nanjing First Hospital,Nanjing Medical University were consecutively enrolled from January 2018 to December 2019.The striatal to occipital ratio(SORs)in radioactivity was calculated by HERMES BRASS platform,thereby completing the semi-quantitative analysis of the brain based on regions of interest and observing the asymmetry of the striatal subregions in early-stage PD and late-stage PD patients.Using artificial intelligence techniques to perform principal component analysis on the SORs of the striatal subregions in PD group and healthy control group,the degree of data aggregation and the distinguishability between groups were observed.Results The SORs was significantly reduced in the whole caudate,anterior,posterior putamen and striatum of advanced PD patients(t=9.02-11.72,P<0.000 1).The area under the curve was 0.952,0.973,0.995 and 0.982,respectively.Compared with the healthy control group,the loss of striatal asymmetry index(mean)in each subregion of the striatum in early PD group was caudate(7.61±5.50)%,anterior putamen(11.43±8.97)%,posterior putamen(17.17±11.63)%,and whole striatum(10.65±7.46)%,respectively.The uptake of 18F-FDOPA in the striatum of PD patients was significantly reduced,and the most obvious loss of early PD patients was contralateral posterior putamen,with a decrease of 34%.Conclusion The platform semi-quantitative analysis of 18F-FDOPA PET/CT images provides objective semi-quantitative values for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PD.Asymmetry in the striatum,especially in the putamen,may be an important parameter for early diagnosis of PD..

Objective To evaluate the effect of the 3D-printed heart model on congenital heart disease (CHD) education through systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods The literature about the application of the 3D-printed heart model in CHD education was systematically searched by computer from PubMed, Web of Science, and EMbase from inception to November 10, 2022. The two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated the quality of the literature. Cochrane literature evaluation standard was used to evaluate the quality of randomized controlled trials, and JBI evaluation scale was used for cross-sectional and cohort studies. Results After screening, 23 literatures were included, including 7 randomized controlled trials, 15 cross-sectional studies and 1 cohort study. Randomized controlled trials were all at low-risk, cross-sectional studies and and the cohort study had potential bias. There were 4 literatures comparing 3D printing heart model with 2D image teaching and the meta-analysis result showed that the effect of 3D printing heart model on theoretical achievement was more significant compared with 2D image teaching (SMD=0.31, 95%CI –0.28 to 0.91, P=0.05). Conclusion The application of the 3D-printed heart model in CHD education can be beneficial. But more randomized controlled trials are still needed to verify this result.

Background::Early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) can considerably improve the prognosis of patients. Aberrant cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation signatures are a promising tool for detecting ESCC. However, available markers based on cell-free DNA methylation are still inadequate. This study aimed to identify ESCC-specific cfDNA methylation markers and evaluate the diagnostic performance in the early detection of ESCC.Methods::We performed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) for 24 ESCC tissues and their normal adjacent tissues. Based on the WGBS data, we identified 21,469,837 eligible CpG sites (CpGs). By integrating several methylation datasets, we identified several promising ESCC-specific cell-free DNA methylation markers. Finally, we developed a dual-marker panel based on methylated KCNA3 and OTOP2, and then, we evaluated its performance in our training and validation cohorts. Results::The ESCC diagnostic model constructed based on KCNA3 and OTOP2 had an AUC of 0.91 [95% CI: 0.85–0.95], and an optimal sensitivity and specificity of 84.91% and 94.32%, respectively, in the training cohort. In the independent validation cohort, the AUC was 0.88 [95% CI: 0.83–0.92], along with an optimal sensitivity of 81.5% and specificity of 92.9%. The model sensitivity for stage I–II ESCC was 78.4%, which was slightly lower than the sensitivity of the model (85.7%) for stage III–IV ESCC. Conclusion::The dual-target panel based on cfDNA showed excellent performance for detecting ESCC and might be an alternative strategy for screening ESCC.

Background::Evaluating the impact of digestive system diseases is vital for devising effective prevention strategies. However, comprehensive reports on the burden of digestive system diseases in China are lacking. Our study aimed to provide an overview of the burden and trends of digestive system diseases from 1990 to 2019 in China and its provinces.Methods::This cross-sectional study utilized the Global Disease Burden Study 2019 to estimate the incidence, mortality rate, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life disability, years of life lost, and changes in the burden of digestive diseases across Chinese provinces from 1990 to 2019. The analysis of disease burden primarily examines the characteristics of sub-disease distribution, time trends, age distribution, and sex distribution. Additionally, we compared provincial age-standardized DALYs for digestive diseases with the expected rates based on the socio-demographic index (SDI).Results::In 2019, there were 499.2 million cases of digestive system diseases in China, resulting in 1,557,310 deaths. Stomach cancer, colon and rectal cancer, and esophageal cancer are the top three diseases associated with mortality and DALY related to digestive system diseases. Meanwhile, cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and gallbladder and biliary diseases are the top three kinds of diseases with the highest prevalence among digestive system diseases. The risk of gastric cancer sharply increases among men after the age of 40 years, leading to a significant disparity in burden between men and women. As the SDI increased, the DALYs associated with digestive system diseases in China and its provinces showed a downward trend.Conclusion::Our study highlights the inverse correlation between DALYs associated with digestive system diseases and the SDI.

Objective To investigate the impact of intrauterine infection combined with perinatal antibi-otic treatment on early neonatal gut microbiota.Methods Forty-six full term neonates delivered and hospital-ized in the Pediatrics Department of Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into the observation group (hav-ing,n=22) and the control group (not having,n=24) according to whether or not the mothers having chorio-amnionitis.The fecal samples were collected from the subjects on 0-2 d and 5-7 d after birth.The high-throughput sequencing technology was applied to conduct the bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis in the fecal samples.The diversity,classification and relative abundance of gut floras were compared.Results Compared with the control group,the antibiotics use rate in prenatal and neonatal period in the observation group was higher,the antibiotic use duration in the neonatal period was longer,and the differences were statistically sig-nificant (P<0.05).The Shannon index on 5-7 d after birth in the two groups was increased compared with that on 0-2 d,moreover the observation group was lower than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The two groups of gut floras were mainly composed of Proteobacteria,Fir-micutes,Bacteroidetes,and Actinobacteria. Compared with the control group,the relative abundance of Pro-teobacteria on 5-7 d after birth in the observation group was higher,and the relative abundance of Actinobac-teria was lower,the differences were statistical significant (P<0.05). The two groups of gut floras were mainly composed of Bifidobacterium,Enterococcus,Streptococcus,Klebsiella,Bacteroidetes,and Escherichia/Shigella genera.Compared with the control group,the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium,Streptococcus and Bacteroides on 5-7 d after birth in the observation group was lower,the relative abundance of Klebsiella,and Escherichia/Shigella was higher,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion In-trauterine infection and perinatal antibiotic treatment decrease the diversity of early neonatal gut flora,and the development of specific floras is delayed.

Objective To study the differences in features of event-related potentials(ERPs)and target detection accuracy between five brain regions(frontal,temporal,central,parietal,and occipital)in target detection tasks based on rapid serial visual presentation(RSVP)brain computer interface(BCI)under six target concealment conditions.Methods Twelve participants were selected for the study,whose scalp electroencephalogram(EEG)signals were collected under the six concealment conditions using a NeuroScan SynAmps2 EEG acquisition system.The ERP waveforms,P300 amplitudes and latencies,among other things,were compared across the five brain regions.The hierarchical discriminant component analysis(HDCA)algorithm was used to classify the EEG signals while the differences in classification accuracy were probed across the five brain regions.Results(1)Under the six concealment conditions,target images elicited distinct ERP waveforms in all the five brain regions;(2)For P300 amplitudes,the temporal region exhibited the smallest values;(3)Regarding P300 latencies,the parietal and central regions showed longer durations than other brain regions(except for small camouflage and small occlusion conditions);(4)In terms of classification accuracy,the parietal and central regions outperformed other brain regions(except for the large camouflage condition).Conclusion The selection of parietal and central channels can offer a new perspective for enhancing the performance in concealed target detection based on RSVP-BCI,and is expected to spark new ideas for the design of miniaturized,simple and wearable BCI devices.

Purpose/Significance The data security management system is built based on the big data of medical alliance to achieve the purpose of enhancing data protection,reducing security risks and improving data security.Method/Process By analyzing the busi-ness scenario of medical alliance,data security policies and application security technologies are established in the full life cycle of collec-tion,transmission,storage,processing,sharing and destruction,and the construction of data security system is improved.Result/Con-clusion The data security management system is a"safety belt"for the business of medical alliance.With a clear security system and standards as the outline,it provides an effective path for the legal and compliant development of hospital business and establishes a feed-back mechanism.

Objective To observe the relationship between functional connectivity(FC)of frontoparietal network(FPN)and cognitive function in patients with cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)using resting-state functional MRI(rs-fMRI).Methods rs-fMRI of 50 CSVD patients with cognitive impairment(CI group),65 CSVD patients with normal cognition(NC group)and 60 healthy controls(HC group),as well as outcomes of neuropsychological tests were retrospectively analyzed.Brain regions with different FC of FPN were compared among 3 groups and between each 2 groups.Partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlations of FC of brain regions value being statistically different between CI and NC groups and cognitive scores.Results Significant differences of FC in bilateral cingulate gyrus,left middle frontal gyrus,right supramarginal gyrus,right inferior parietal lobule and right medial superior frontal gyrus were found among groups(FWE correction,all P＜0.05).Compared with NC group,FC of left cingulate gyrus decreased,of right inferior frontal gyrus and right medial superior frontal gyrus increased in CI group(FWE correction,all P＜0.05).The decreased FC value of left cingulate gyrus was negatively correlated with clock drawing test score in CSVD patients(r=-0.159,P=0.049).Conclusion CSVD patients with or without CI had extensive abnormal FC of FPN,and the left cingulate gyrus was associated with patient's cognitive function.

Background Aedes albopictus is the dominant mosquito species in residential areas in Shanghai. There are many types of small containers with accumulated water in residential areas, providing a large number of breeding environments for Aedes alpopicuts and leading to an increasing transmission risk of mosquito-borne diseases. Objective To use random forest to predict breeding of Aedes mosquitoes in small aquatic container habitat in two concentrated reconstruction communities of rural areas in Shanghai, and to understand associated influence of environmental factors on the breeding of Aedes mosquitoes in the process of urbanization.Methods Small-scale habitat surveys of Aedes mosquitoes were carried out in two suburb concentrated reconstruction communities (Community A and B) in Shanghai, and the environment where the habitat was located was recorded and analyzed in both communities. The habitat where eggs, larvae, or pupae were found was recorded as positive. Spatial weight matrix was applied on a household basis, and global Moran's I index was used to carry out spatial autocorrelation analysis on the small-scale habitat and positive habitat in the environment of the two communities. When Moran's I is greater than 0, it means that the data present a positive spatial correlation; when Moran's I is less than 0, it means that the data are spatially negatively correlated; when Moran's I is 0, the spatial distribution is random. Combining the results of P and Z values, we explored the spatial distribution characteristics of small-scale habitat and positive habitat in the community environment. Random forest algorithm in machine learning was used to classify and sort environmental-related factors, and predict the breeding of Aedes mosquitoes in small aquatic habitat; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to carry out model fitting evaluation. Results The environmental factors including building location (χ²=23.35, P<0.001), open space (χ²=8.83, P=0.003), and having trees (χ²=11.02, P=0.001) had a significant impact on the positive rate of small-scale habitat. The results of spatial characteristics analysis showed that the global Moran's I index of small-scale habitat was −0.092 (Z=−1.09, P=0.274) in Community A and 0.034 (Z=0.52, P=0.602) in Community B, and the global Moran's I index of positive habitat was −0.092 (Z=−1.14, P=0.255) in Community A and 0.070 (Z=0.95, P=0.342) in Community B. Since the P values of Community A and B were greater than 0.1 and the Z values were between −1.65 and 1.65, for both small-scale habitat and positive habitat the spatial characteristics were randomly distributed and no significant spatial aggregation was found. In the fitted random forest algorithm classification prediction model with the top 10 characteristic factors of importance, the area under curve (AUC) value was 0.95, and the prediction fitting effect was satisfactory. The results of classification and sorting indicated that counts of household small-scale habitat and positive habitat were the most important factors for breeding. Conclusion The random forest model constructed by environmental factor indicators can be used to predict the breeding situation of Aedes mosquitoes in small-scale aquatic habitat, and provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of mosquito breeding for the target area.

Objective:To explore the change trajectory and influencing factors of benefit finding of family caregivers of patients with lung cancer, so as to provide reference for formulating individualized intervention strategies.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey. From September 2021 to October 2022, 232 family caregivers of patients with lung cancer from General Hospital of PLA Central Theater Command and Tianyou Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology were collected by convenience sampling method. The level of benefit finding of family caregivers was investigated at 1 month, 3 months and 6 month, after the patients were diagnosed. Growth Mixture Model was applied to identify distinct trajectory categories. Multinomial Logistic regressions were performed to analyze predictors of trajectory categories.Results:The overall level of benefit finding of family caregivers of lung cancer patients showed an upward trend over time ( F=83.06, P<0.01), from 1 month (47.02 ± 14.79) to 6 months (58.13 ± 13.18). Three categories of benefit finding trajectories were identified, named as "the high level-decline group" 12 cases, "the moderate level-stability group" 67 cases, and "the low level-elevation group" 153 cases. Univariate analysis showed that age and education level of family caregivers, average income per person in patient family, type of medical payment, whether the tumor was metastasized, the treatment method of the patient, whether they lived with the patient, and whether they had co-caregivers were related to the category of benefit finding trajectory ( χ2 values were 6.71-15.05, all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age and education level of family caregivers, average income per person in patient family, treatment method of the patient and whether they lived with the patients were the main influencing factors of benefit finding trajectory categories(all P<0.05). Conclusions:The benefit finding of family caregivers of lung cancer patients showed different trajectories with the time of diagnosis, and the overall level shows an upward trend. More than half of the family caregivers belong to the low level-elevation group. Medical staff should give family caregivers stage and specific nursing intervention according to the change trajectory of benefit finding and its influencing factors.