BackgroundSibling relationships play a critical role in shaping anxiety symptoms in firstborn children. Anxiety symptoms often originate in early childhood and can persist into adolescence and adulthood. However， there is insufficient research on anxiety symptoms in preschool children， especially firstborn preschool children. ObjectiveTo explore the influencing factors of anxiety symptoms among firstborn preschool children， so as to provide references for the intervention of anxiety symptom for children in families with multiple children. MethodsFrom October to December 2021， a total of 8 449 children from 234 kindergartens in Longhua District of Shenzhen were included using a cluster sampling method. Sibling Inventory of Behavior （SIB） and Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale （SPAS） were used to investigate. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify influencing factors of anxiety symptoms in firstborn preschool children. ResultsA total of 8 419 （99.64%） valid questionnaires were collected. Anxiety symptoms were detected in 344（4.09%） firstborn preschool children. Statistically significant differences were observed between anxiety group and non-anxiety group in terms of household registration， monthly family income， maternal age， maternal education level， paternal education level， family living conditions and whether they are left-behind children （χ²/t=9.906， 33.490， 5.136， 13.485， 9.690， 17.332， 21.975， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Compared with non-anxiety group， children in the anxiety group scored higher on the SIB dimensions of rivalry， aggression and avoidance （t=165.322， 74.471， 286.419， P<0.01）， and lower on companionship， empathy and teaching （t=59.133， 42.417， 39.112， P<0.01）. Risk factors for anxiety symptoms in firstborn preschool children included left-behind children， as well as negative sibling relationships characterized by rivalry and avoidance （OR=1.195， 1.143， 1.260， P<0.05 or 0.01）. ConclusionFirstborn preschool children who are left-behind are more susceptible to anxiety symptoms. Negative sibling relationships， characterized by competition and avoidance， may also contribute to the emergence of anxiety symptoms in firstborn preschool children.

Objective To analyze the positive rate of serum mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody IgM in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in Liangjiang New Area of Chongqing and the related risk factors, so as to provide a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of AECOPD. Methods Retrospective analysis of 728 cases of AECOPD patients from January 2020 to December 2021 in Chongqing Liangjiang New Area Third Class Hospital. ELISA was used to determine Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibodies. According to the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibodies, the patients were divided into infection group and non-MP infection group. Clinical data such as gender, age, length of stay, place of residence, smoking status, home oxygen therapy, GOLD grade of COPD, number of acute exacerbations in the previous year, mechanical ventilation, and application of anti-infective drugs were collected. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of MP infection in AECOPD patients. Results The positive rate of MP-IgM in 728 AECOPD patients was 15.38% (112/728), including 67 males and 45 females. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of MP-IgM in AECOPD patients between different seasons (χ²=2.840, P>0.05). Age ≥60 (OR=3.243), smoking (OR=2.559) and GOLD grade 3-4 (OR=3.760) were independent risk factors for MP infection in AECOPD patients. Conclusion The incidence of MP infection in AECOPD patients in Liangjiang New Area of Chongqing is relatively high, especially in AECOPD patients with age ≥ 60, smoking, GOLD grade 3-4, which should be warned of the possibility of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection , and targeted treatment measures can improve the cure rate.

BACKGROUND: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) promotes the osteogenic differentiation induced by bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), but the intrinsic relationship between BMP9 and ATRA keeps unknown. Herein, we investigated the effect of Cyp26b1, a critical enzyme of ATRA degradation, on the BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and unveiled possible mechanism through which BMP9 regulates the expression of Cyp26b1. METHODS: ATRA content was detected with ELISA and HPLC–MS/MS. PCR, Western blot, and histochemical staining were used to assay the osteogenic markers. Fetal limbs culture, cranial defect repair model, and micro–computed tomographic were used to evaluate the quality of bone formation. IP and ChIP assay were used to explore possible mechanism. RESULTS: We found that the protein level of Cyp26b1 was increased with age, whereas the ATRA content decreased. The osteogenic markers induced by BMP9 were increased by inhibiting or silencing Cyp26b1 but reduced by exogenous Cyp26b1. The BMP9-induced bone formation was enhanced by inhibiting Cyp26b1. The cranial defect repair was promoted by BMP9, which was strengthened by silencing Cyp26b1 and reduced by exogenous Cyp26b1. Mechanically, Cyp26b1 was reduced by BMP9, which was enhanced by activating Wnt/b-catenin, and reduced by inhibiting this pathway. b-catenin interacts with Smad1/5/9, and both were recruited at the promoter of Cyp26b1. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested the BMP9-induced osteoblastic differentiation was mediated by activating retinoic acid signalling, viadown-regulating Cyp26b1. Meanwhile, Cyp26b1 may be a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of bone-related diseases or accelerating bone-tissue engineering.

Recent studies have shown that Schwann cells (SCs) can effectively promote peripheral nerve regeneration under physical modulation of mechanical retraction, electricity, magnetism, light, and extracorporeal shock waves, whose neural signaling pathways involve Janus kinase/signal transduction and transcriptional activator (JAK-STAT) pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, Notch pathway, and neuregulin 1 (NRG1) pathway. In this paper, we summarize the role and mechanism of SCs in peripheral nerve regeneration, as well as the therapeutic strategies based on SCs to promote peripheral nerve repair in recent years, aiming to provide references for clinical treatment of peripheral neuropathy.

Objective:To preliminarily compile the words list of personality in southern China, and structurally analyse the words with natural personality traits.Methods:A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain 603 valid questionnaires in six provinces in southern China, and the lexical collation, consolidation, deletion, lexicographic analysis and structural analysis were conducted.Results:(1)After three rounds of collation and merging of 8 022 natural words describing personality traits, a personality trait word list containing 136 words was obtained.(2)Econometric analysis of words according to positivity, neutrality and negativity, showed that all negative words involving moral evaluations (ruthless, vicious, evil, cunning, narrow-minded and so on) were used to describe others, while negative words describing oneself were mainly non-virtuous words (capricious, stubborn, impatient, impetuous, pessimistic and so on). (3) The proportion of desirability and virtue dimensions in the words list was highest(23.20%, 16.80%); and the proportion of desirability and extroversion in total words frequency was highest(24.39%, 19.96%).Conclusion:A personality word list containing 136 personality traits in southern China is compiled from primary sources; and a 7-factor personality structure was latent in the word list.Subjects are richer in describing the content of the vocabulary of agreeable, virtuous, pioneering, and persevering personality traits, while agreeable and extroverted personality traits are most easily perceived in interpersonal interactions.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of lactoferrin(Lf) on lung injury in mice exposed to irradiation.Methods:C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into control group, 15 Gy irradiation group (IR group) and lactoferrin combined 15 Gy irradiation group (Lf+ IR group), with 5 mice in each group. The mice in the Lf+ 15 Gy group drank lactoferrin solution (10 mg/ml) from 3 days before irradiation and contained the whole experiments. Then, single chest 15 Gyirradiation was performed both in the IR and Lf+ IR groups. The body weight and other characteristics were monitored during the experiment. The mice were killed at day 14 after irradiation. The lung histopathology was observed by HE staining. Serum inflammatory cytokine such as HMGB1, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 was determined by ELISA method . The expression of inflammatory related protein in lung tissue including HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB were performed by immune histochemistry and Western blot method.Results:Compared with the control group, lung weight was significantly increased ( t=3.20, P<0.05), pulmonary hyperemia and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the IR group. Exposure also significantly increased serum level of TNF-α[(291.80±5.49) vs.(332.25±22.18)pg/ml]( t=3.07, P<0.05), up-regulated the expression of inflammatory related protein in lung tissue ( t=4.04, 4.78, 3.77, 6.14, P<0.05). Lactoferrin intervention (Lf+ IR group) significantly decreased lung weight ( t=2.18, P<0.05), alleviated histopathologic changes, decrease serum levels of HMGB1, TNF-α and IL-1β ( t=4.67, 2.97, 3.49, P<0.05). On the other hand, lactoferrin intervention decreased the positive cell number of HMGB1 and NF-κB, and down-regulated the protein expression of HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB in lung tissues, with significant difference with the IR group ( t=8.06, 9.80, 3.07, 5.56, P<0.05). Conclusions:Lactoferrin plays the protective effect of radiation-induced lung injury through the downregulation of inflammatory response, such as HMGB1/TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND: We aim to explore the association between self-reported snoring and hypertension among adults aged 30-79 in Chongqing, China. METHODS: A total of 23,342 individuals aged 30-79 were included at baseline from August 2018 to January 2019, and the final sample size for the analysis was 22,423. Face-to-face interviews and physical examinations were conducted by trained investigators. Logistic regression was performed to study age-specific and gender-specific associations between snoring and hypertension. RESULTS: Frequent snoring was associated with the risk of hypertension for each age and gender group, and the frequency of snoring was positively correlated with the risk for hypertension. For the three age groups (< 45, 45-59, ≥ 60), compared with the non-snoring group, those who snore often had a 64.5%, 53.3%, and 24.5% increased risk of hypertension (< 45: OR = 1.65, 95%CI 1.34-2.02; 45-59: OR = 1.53, 95%CI 1.37-1.72; ≥ 60: OR = 1.25, 95%CI 1.09-1.42), respectively. For men and women, those who snore often had a 46.8% and 97.2% increased risk of hypertension, respectively, than the non-snoring group (men: OR = 1.47, 95%CI 1.33-1.63; women: OR = 1.97, 95%CI 1.75-2.23). CONCLUSIONS People who snore frequently should pay close attention to their blood pressure levels in order to achieve early prevention of hypertension, particularly for snorers who are female and aged under 45; importance should be attached to their blood pressure control.
Adult ; Aged ; China/epidemiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/etiology* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Self Report ; Snoring/complications*

BACKGROUND: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is commonly known as an environmental sensor. Polymorphisms in AhR gene have been implicated in susceptibility to cancer. However, the results were controversial. This study was conducted to quantitatively summarize the association between AhR polymorphisms and cancer risk by meta-analysis. METHODS: Relevant reports were searched in four databases (Embase, PubMed, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure). We used pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to evaluate the strength of the association in both standard and cumulative meta-analysis. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis was also performed, and between-study heterogeneity and publication bias were checked. RESULTS: A total of seventeen studies referring to three AhR polymorphisms (rs2066853, rs7796976, and rs2074113) were identified, and 9557 cases and 10038 controls were included. There was no statistically significant association of AhR rs2066853 polymorphism with cancer risk in the overall population, and the negative results were repeated in subgroup analysis by the ethnicity and cancer type. Concerning AhR rs7796976 or rs2074113 polymorphism, no significant correlation was detected. Moreover, these non-significant findings were stable in sensitivity analysis, and the cumulative meta-analysis indicated a trend of no significant link between this three AhR polymorphisms and cancer risk as more data accumulated over time. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis provides evidence that the rs2066853, rs7796976, or rs2074113 polymorphism in AhR gene is not a susceptible predictor of cancer. Further clinical and functional investigation between AhR polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility are needed.
Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Confidence Intervals ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Neoplasms/genetics* ; Odds Ratio ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/genetics*

Objective:The aim of this study was to design and perform "Tap-hammer"system that can be used to elicit vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) in normal adults and to report the preliminary results of this system.Methods:A triggered Tap-hammer was designed, made and connected with an electric recording system, to form as a system for Tap-VEMP recording. Twenty healthy adult volunteers (7 males and 13 females, aged 20 to 37 years, 40 ears in total) were recruited for air-conducted sound VEMP (ACS-VEMP) and Tap-VEMP examinations. Waveforms and parameters of both VEMPs were recorded and analyzed. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:The response rates of ACS-, Tap-ocular VEMP (oVEMP) and ACS-, Tap-cervical VEMP (cVEMP) were both 100% (40/40). The mean±SD n1 latency, p1 latency, n1-p1 interval, amplitude, and asymmetry ratio (AR%) of Tap-oVEMP were (9.80±2.51)ms, (13.90±3.26)ms, (4.09±1.43)ms, (16.43±9.61)μV, (22.68±17.35)% respectively. The mean±SD p1 latency, n1 latency, p1-n1 interval, amplitude, and asymmetry ratio (AR%) of Tap-cVEMP were (13.26±2.07)ms, (21.84±2.89)ms, (8.58±2.10)ms, (457.65±274.94)μV, (20.42±13.46)% respectively. Both n1 latency and p1 latency of Tap-VEMPs were shorter than those in ACS-VEMPs ( P<0.05). No statistical difference could be found between the two stimulation methods in the parameters of n1-p1 interval, amplitude, and asymmetry ratio( P>0.05). Conclusion:The Tap-hammer system can elicit VEMP responses in healthy young people. This system can be used as an alternative stimulation method for bone conduction VEMP.

Abnormal liver function in pregnancy is a common clinical problem in the department of obstetrics and liver disease, but its severity can cause danger to the life of the mother and fetus. Therefore, the different cause of abnormal liver function in pregnancy should be assessed accurately in order to take early intervention measures. Moreover, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the situation of both mother and fetus to obtain the optimal treatment effect for abnormal liver function caused by different types of pregnancy-related liver diseases.