Objective:To develop the children′s postoperative health-related quality of life scale for thyroid cancer and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:The first draft of the scale was developed through literature search, focus group meetings, and a pre-survey, and 116 children (76 for testing and 40 for external validation) with thyroid cancer attending Beijing Children′s Hospital of Capital Medical University were selected to answer the scale, to screen and categorize the questions and to form the final scale with multiple dimensions.Results:The children′s postoperative health-related quality of life scale for thyroid cancer contained 5 dimensions and 29 questions. Exploratory factor analysis showed that the cumulative variance explained by the 5 factors was 64.343%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed correlations between the questions and dimensions of this scale, fair convergent validity for the scale, and good discriminant validity. The validity of the validity scale showed that there was a existing correlation between the questions and the validity scale of this scale. The item-dimension correlation coefficients showed that the questions in each dimension were well differentiated. The total Cronbach′s α coefficient of the scale was 0.930, the folded half reliability was 0.843, and retest reliabilities at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months after the initial test were respectively 0.936, 0.922, and 0.910.Conclusion:The developed children′s postoperative health-related quality of life scale for thyroid cancer has good reliability and validity and can be used to assess the health-related quality of life of children after thyroid cancer surgery.

Abstract Hypertension in children can have adverse health effects such as vascular damage, cardiac metabolic risk, and organ damage during childhood, and can also increase the risk of hypertension in adulthood. Obesity has been recognized as an important cause of elevated blood pressure in children. By reviewing and summarizing relevant literature at home and abroad, the study analyzes the relationship between dietary and circadian rhythm and explores the role and mechanism of circadian rhythm in terms of the metabolic health of youth, thereby providing a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in this population and to identify directions for future research.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility of using shear wave dispersion (SWD) imaging in evaluating acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) of the liver.Methods:A total of 42 Wistar rats were used as receptors and 10 Fischer 344 rats were used as donors for bone marrow transplantation to establish aGVHD models. Six rats were randomly selected every week for clinical observation and scoring. Then, ultrasonic SWD was performed to obtain shear wave speed (SWS) and shear wave dispersion slope (SWDS). Then, the histological characteristics were used as a reference standard, and the rats were divided into two groups: the group without aGVHD (nGVHD group) and the group with aGVHD. The differences in the clinical score and SWD values between the two groups were compared, the meaningful indexes were screened by binary Logistic regression analysis, and the joint prediction parameters were obtained. The ROC curve was plotted and the diagnostic efficiency was compared. The correlations between SWS, SWDS, clinical score and pathological grade were analyzed.Results:Clinical score, SWS, and SWDS in aGVHD group were higher than those in the nGVHD group (all P<0.05). The correlation between SWDS and pathological grade ( r=0.774, P<0.001) was higher than those between SWS, clinical score and pathological grade ( r=0.579, P=0.005; r=0.452, P=0.034). Logistic regression showed that SWDS was a significant indicator. In addition, the AUC values determined by SWDS and predictive parameters were (0.859, 0.886), which were significantly higher than the AUC of the clinical score (0.760, P<0.05). Conclusions:SWD imaging technology may become a promising method to evaluate hepatic aGVHD.

Objective:To investigate the utilization of sexual health services among community-based older adults in Chongqing and explore its potential correlates.Methods:A cross-sectional survey using multistage sampling among community-based older adults aged ≥50 years was conducted in Chongqing between June 2020 and December 2022. A questionnaire including information on demographic characteristics, general health, sexual health status, and sexual health services utilization was collected. Sexual health and reproductive services utilization was defined as having ever been tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or having had a male/gynecological reproductive health examination in the past year. Logistic regression was used to examine the correlates of the utilization of sexual health services.Results:A total of 794 community-based older adults participated in the study (482 were male, and 312 were female). The mean age was (62.8±8.2) years. The proportion of HIV testing was 18.0%, and the proportion of reproductive health examination was 10.1% among community-based older adults. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age group of 60-69 years (a OR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.18-0.76), female (a OR=11.34, 95% CI: 5.71-22.52), monthly income ≥5 000 yuan (a OR=3.05, 95% CI: 1.01-9.27), being sexual activity (a OR=4.99, 95% CI: 2.23-11.15) was significantly associated with had a reproductive health examination in the past year. Conclusions:The proportion of sexual health services utilization among older adults was low. Older sexual health education should be further strengthened, the close relationship between older adults should be correctly guided and dealt with, and the sexual health services suitable for the older population should be formulated.

Objective: Viscoelasticity is an essential feature of nerves, although little is known about their viscous properties. The discovery of shear wave dispersion (SWD) imaging has presented a new approach for the non-invasive evaluation of tissue viscosity.The present study investigated the feasibility of using SWD imaging to evaluate diabetic neuropathy using the sciatic nerve in a diabetic rat model. Materials and Methods: This study included 11 diabetic rats in the diabetic group and 12 healthy rats in the control group.Bilateral sciatic nerves were evaluated 3 months after treatment with streptozotocin. We measured the nerve cross-sectional area (CSA), nerve stiffness using shear wave elastography (SWE), and nerve viscosity using SWD imaging. The motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) was also measured. These four indicators and the histology of the sciatic nerves were then compared between the two groups. The performance of CSA, SWE, and SWD imaging in distinguishing the two groups was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: Nerve CSA, stiffness, and viscosity in the diabetic group was significantly higher than those in the control group (all p < 0.05). The results also revealed a significantly lower MNCV in the diabetic group (p = 0.005). Additionally, the density of myelinated fibers was significantly lower in the diabetic group (p = 0.004). The average thickness of the myelin sheath was also lower in the diabetic group (p = 0.012). The area under the ROC curve for distinguishing the diabetic neuropathy group from the control group was 0.876 for SWD imaging, which was significantly greater than 0.677 for CSA (p = 0.030) and 0.705 for SWE (p = 0.035). Conclusion Sciatic nerve viscosity measured using SWD imaging was significantly higher in diabetic rats. The viscosity measured using SWD imaging performed well in distinguishing the diabetic neuropathy group from the control group.Therefore, SWD imaging may be a promising method for the evaluation of diabetic neuropathy.

Membrane-disruptive peptides/peptidomimetics (MDPs) are antimicrobials or anticarcinogens that present a general killing mechanism through the physical disruption of cell membranes, in contrast to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, which act on precise targets such as DNA or specific enzymes. Owing to their rapid action, broad-spectrum activity, and mechanisms of action that potentially hinder the development of resistance, MDPs have been increasingly considered as future therapeutics in the drug-resistant era. Recently, growing experimental evidence has demonstrated that MDPs can also be utilized as adjuvants to enhance the therapeutic effects of other agents. In this review, we evaluate the literature around the broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and anticancer activity of MDPs, and summarize the current development and mechanisms of MDPs alone or in combination with other agents. Notably, this review highlights recent advances in the design of various MDP-based drug delivery systems that can improve the therapeutic effect of MDPs, minimize side effects, and promote the co-delivery of multiple chemotherapeutics, for more efficient antimicrobial and anticancer therapy.

Objective To analyze 10 WeChat official accounts of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM) hospitals in Beijing and their data, to figure out the popular health topics well received by followers, for the purpose of disseminating health knowledge more precisely and efficiently in further work and public service. Methods Python and open API interface were used to scrawl the articles pushed by these accounts from July 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018, identifying topics of high Pviews and thumbs up as the text corpus of hot topics. Furthermore, working with text mining technology, the paper counted the term frequency(TF) and clustered the corpus to finally detect the most popular topics of health knowledge and needs of information by the public. Results Within the given period, the results showed that the top 5 key words with high TF in popular health science included: hypertension, cough, sleep, Gaofang( herbal paste) and pain. In the top 10 clustered hot topics, the followings received high level of public awareness and interpreted by more articles posted by the Wechat official accounts: kidney diseases, genital diseases(female/male) and seasonal affective disorder. Conclusions Methods used in the study can accurately round up popular TCM topics, practical needs of health knowledge of the people, and discover the disease diagnosis, treatment and health issues of the highest public concern, for guidance of the hospitals in their health education and popular science work using new media.

Objective To investigate the correlations between the FBN1 gene mutation types and the clinical phenotype . Methods 87 probands with Marfan or Marfan-like syndromes and their family members were enrolled in this study ( total 300 cases).The clinical manifestations of each patients involving the ocular, cardiovascular system, skeletal system and other im-plicated systems were collected and evaluated .According to the clinical manifestations , these patients were divided into two groups, namely aortic dissection group and aortic root aneurysm group.Blood samples were taken from patients and DNA se-quencing was performed on each patient by the genetic aortic disease gene Panel .The detected single nucleotide variants ( SNVs)/indel were interpreted according to the ACMG guidelines, and the pathogenic variation was confirmed through Sanger sequencing.The aortic wall tissue was obtained from MFS patients who underwent surgery .The correlations between genotypes and clinical phenotypes were further explored by comparing the aortic wall tissue histological specimens of each genotype pa-tient.Results A total of 92 FBN1 mutations(31％) were detected in 300 people with Marfan syndromes or Marfan-like syn-dromes, 18 of which were undiscovered mutations.There were 49 missense mutations(53.26％), 13 splicing mutations (14.13％), 17 frameshift mutations(18.48％), and 13 nonsense mutations(14.13％).In this cohort, 24 cases had aortic dissection and 25 cases were aortic root aneurysm.Statistical analysis revealed that patients with aortic dissection mostly ap-peared in frameshift mutations(29.17％ vs.4.00％, P =0.017).However, patients with aortic root aneurysm mostly ap-peared in missense mutations(72.00％ vs.37.50％, P =0.015), and accompanied with ectopia lentis(41.67％ vs. 8.33％, P=0.008).Pathological specimens staining found that elastic fibers in the aortic wall of patients with frameshift mu-tations are sparser, and the smooth muscle cells are more deficient and more disorganized than patients with missense muta-tions.Conclusion FBN1 gene frameshift mutations result a lack of elastic fibers and disorganized smooth muscle cells in aor-tic wall and are presented more in patients with aortic dissection than aortic root aneurysm .

Objective To explore the diagnostic efficiency of K‐T IRADS ,ACR‐T IRADS and AT A risk stratification in computer‐aided detection and diagnosis ( CAD ) software and the application value of CAD‐assisted ultrasound physicians in diagnosing thyroid nodules . Methods One hundred and ninety‐two thyroid nodules with postoperative pathological results were retrospectively analyzed . All of them were graded by K‐T IRADS ,ACR‐T IRADS and A T A with CAD software ,and the best guide was recognized by calculating the area under the ROC curve ,sensitivity and specificity . T hen ,based on the best guidelines for the classification criteria , the double‐blind method was used to compare the ability of the same ultrasonologist to diagnose thyroid nodules before and after CAD . Results T he AUC value of K‐T IRADS , ACR‐T IRADS ,A T A was 0 .88 ,0 .77 ,0 .62 respectively in the CAD software . T he difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P ＜0 .05 ) . T here was no significant difference in the specificity between K‐T IRADS and A T A ( P ＝0 .176 ) ,w hich were both higher than ACR‐T IRADS with statistically significant differences ( P ＜ 0 .05 ) . T he AUC value of the diagnosis among CAD itself , ultrasound physicians and physicians combined CAD was 0 .88 ,0 .80 ,0 .93 ,respectively . T he difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P ＜0 .05) . T here was no significant difference in the sensitivity between CAD itself and physicians combined CAD ( P ＝0 .163 ) ,w hich were both higher than ultrasound physicians with statistical significant differences( P ＜0 .05) . Among ultrasound physicians ,CAD itself and physicians combined CAD ,the difference in specificity between the two groups was statistically significant ( P ＜0 .05) . Conclusions All the three risk stratification systems of thyroid ultrasound in CAD software have good diagnostic values ,among w hich K‐T IRADS has the largest AUC . T he CAD software can assist ultrasound physicians to improve the thyroid nodule diagnostic performance , and has a good clinical application prospect .

Objective: To explore the diagnostic efficiency of K-TIRADS, ACR-TIRADS and ATA risk stratification in computer-aided detection and diagnosis(CAD) software and the application value of CAD-assisted ultrasound physicians in diagnosing thyroid nodules. Methods: One hundred and ninety-two thyroid nodules with postoperative pathological results were retrospectively analyzed. All of them were graded by K-TIRADS, ACR-TIRADS and ATA with CAD software, and the best guide was recognized by calculating the area under the ROC curve, sensitivity and specificity. Then, based on the best guidelines for the classification criteria, the double-blind method was used to compare the ability of the same ultrasonologist to diagnose thyroid nodules before and after CAD. Results: The AUC value of K-TIRADS, ACR-TIRADS, ATA was 0.88, 0.77, 0.62 respectively in the CAD software. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the specificity between K-TIRADS and ATA(P=0.176), which were both higher than ACR-TIRADS with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The AUC value of the diagnosis among CAD itself, ultrasound physicians and physicians combined CAD was 0.88, 0.80, 0.93, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the sensitivity between CAD itself and physicians combined CAD(P=0.163), which were both higher than ultrasound physicians with statistical significant differences(P<0.05). Among ultrasound physicians, CAD itself and physicians combined CAD, the difference in specificity between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions All the three risk stratification systems of thyroid ultrasound in CAD software have good diagnostic values, among which K-TIRADS has the largest AUC. The CAD software can assist ultrasound physicians to improve the thyroid nodule diagnostic performance, and has a good clinical application prospect.