Objective:To observe the feelings of listening to music and the importance of music in the daily life of post-lingual deaf adults with cochlear implants, and to explore the relevant influencing factors.Methods:This was a cross-sectional survey study. From January 2021 to August 2021,the Music-Related Quality of Life Scale was used to evaluate the music needs and music experiences of 63 post-lingual deaf adults who met the inclusion criteria, including 27 males and 36 females, aged (40.7±12.3) years, at the time of surgery (36.8±13.1) years, and with a preoperative hearing aid ineffective time of (3.9±5.8) years. Indicators analyzed included age, duration of ineffective preoperative hearing aid wear, preoperative music preference, duration of postoperative cochlear implant use, current hearing aid modality, and auditory rehabilitation outcomes. Whether the six factors mentioned above constituted an influence on the subjects′ music listening was investigated using SPSS 25.0 statistical software.Results:All of the observations in the scale were correlated with a single factor. The two sub-dimensions of music experience section were related to the effect of auditory rehabilitation. In the importance section, the effect of auditory rehabilitation was the influential factor of the dimension of "participation importance", and the preoperative enjoyment of music was the relevant influential factor of the dimension of "perceived importance". There was a significant difference between the groups when they were grouped by the above factors ( P value<0.05), while there was no statistically significance between the groups when they were grouped by other factors ( P value>0.05). Conclusions:Post-lingual deaf adults show the need and attempt to listen to music after cochlear implantation. The effectiveness of auditory rehabilitation and the degree of music preference preoperatively are two important factors that influence music listening in implant recipients. Once the level of auditory communication has been restored to a certain degree, it is important to pay more attention to the needs of music for implant recipients and train them in time, especially for those with music preferences preoperatively.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for three fetuses with duodenal atresia or stenosis detected by ultrasonography. METHODS: Clinical data of three fetuses identified at the Women's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine between January 2021 and August 2022 were collected. Umbilical cord blood and amniotic fluid samples of the fetuses and peripheral blood samples of their parents were collected and subjected to G-banded chromosomal karyotyping and single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array) analysis. RESULTS: Prenatal ultrasound of the three fetuses revealed duodenal atresia or stenosis. No karyotypic abnormality was detected, whilst SNP array has identified 1.4 ~ 1.9 Mb duplications at 17q12 in all of them, which were all predicted to be pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs). CONCLUSION The 17q12 duplications probably underlay the duodenal atresia and stenosis in these fetuses, and chromosomal CNVs should be considered in duodenal atresia and stenosis.
Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Fetus/diagnostic imaging* ; Chromosome Aberrations

With the increasing number of cancer patients, the aging population, the shortage of medical resources and other problems in China, the demand for palliative care is gradually increasing. However, nursing staff are the main implementors of palliative care, and their cognitive level of palliative care is closely related to the quality of palliative care service and the outcome of patients. By summarizing assessment tools of palliative care knowledge, attitudes and skills, this review aims to provide a reference for developing appropriate palliative care assessment tools for nursing staff in China.

Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) are the main therapy for epilepsy.There are many kinds of ASMs with complex mechanism of action, so it is difficult for pharmacists to examine prescriptions.This paper put forward some suggestions on the indications, dosage forms/routes of administration, appropriateness of usage and dosage, combined medication and drug interaction, long-term prescription review, individual differences in pathophysiology of children, and drug selection when complicated with common epilepsy, for the reference of doctors and pharmacists.

Objective:To dynamically monitor the prevalence and trend of dental fluorosis in children in Shandong Province, and to evaluate the prevention and control measures for drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis (referred to as drinking water-borne fluorosis), and to provide scientific basis for the next step.Methods:Totally 40 counties (cities, districts) were selected as project counties (cities, districts) from drinking water-borne fluorosis areas in Shandong Province in 2018, and all counties (cities, districts) were selected in 2019 and 2020, to investigate the situation of water improvement, detect water fluoride content, and investigate the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 years.Results:From 2018 to 2020, the detection rates of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 years were 10.30% (503/4 884), 8.94% (25 895/289 539) and 8.66% (24 061/277 689), respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ 2 = 27.10, P < 0.001), and the dental fluorosis indexes were 0.21, 0.18 and 0.17, respectively. The total detection rates of dental fluorosis in children of different age groups in the 3 years were 7.26% (6 590/90 775), 7.97% (9 303/116 680), 9.29% (12 167/130 915), 9.29% (12 238/131 670) and 9.95% (10 161/102 072), the differences were statistically significant (χ 2 = 615.71, P < 0.001). In the 3 years, the total detection rate of dental fluorosis was 8.93% (28 101/314 737) in boys and 8.69% (22 358/257 375) in girls, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 10.27, P = 0.001). In 2018 and 2019, the detection rates of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 years in water fluoride qualified villages [5.74% (235/4 095) and 7.98% (20 200/253 082)] were significantly lower than those in villages with excessive water fluoride [33.97% (268/789) and 15.62% (5 695/36 457), χ 2 = 570.61, 2 283.76, P < 0.001]. Conclusions:The prevalence of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 - 12 years has been effectively controlled, and remarkable results have been achieved in prevention and treatment of drinking water-borne fluorosis in Shandong Province. However, the detection rate of dental fluorosis among children in a few endemic villages is high, so it is necessary to continue to strengthen the monitoring of fluoride content in drinking water and the condition of dental fluorosis among children.

Objective:To explore the clinical value of one-step CT angiography from deep vein of lower limbs to pulmonary artery in the direction of head and foot.Methods:Twenty-eight patients who presented Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine from January 2017 to June 2019 were collected. All patients who underwent one-step CT angiography of the deep veins of the lower extremities to the pulmonary artery were randomly divided into two groups, A or B, and scanned from the entrance of the thorax to 10 cm below the knee joint. Group A was foot-head direction group with delayed time scanning according to empirical method. Group B was the head-foot direction group with a single point triggered automatic tracing scan at the level of the main pulmonary artery trunk. The independent sample t-test was used to compare the scan time, dose length product (DLP), and mean CT value of enhancement of the pulmonary artery opening between the two groups. Results:The average scanning time of the foot-head scanning group was (36.4±1.2)s, the average DLP was (684.4±37.8) mGy·cm, and the average enhanced CT value of pulmonary artery image was (181.3±15.5) HU. The average scanning time of the head foot scanning group was (16.4±0.3) s, the average DLP was (441.8±34.4) mGy·cm, and the average enhanced CT value of the pulmonary artery image was (257.9±24.5) HU. Scanning time, mean DLP, and pulmonary artery level enhancement values were significantly different between the two groups ( t=17.92, 4.71, 2.44, P<0.05). Conclusions:The clinical value of one-step CT angiography from deep vein of lower limbs to pulmonary artery in the head-foot direction is significantly better than that in the head-foot direction. It can significantly shorten the scanning time, reduce the radiation dose, and increase the enhancement value of pulmonary artery to improve the detection of pulmonary embolism.

Objective:To describe the baseline characteristics of the subjects enrolled in the China Quantitative CT (QCT) big data program in 2018—2019.Methods:Based on baseline data from the Chinese health big data project from January 2018 to December 2019 from the eligible enrolled population, measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were performed using Mindways′ QCT Pro Model 4 system. The baseline data of age, gender, regional distribution, height, weight, abdominal circumference, blood pressure, blood routine and blood biochemical tests were analyzed. And the single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to check the age related trend of BMD and VAT in both genders.Results:After screening the inclusion exclusion criteria and outliers of the main indicators, 86 113 people were enrolled in the project. The enrollment rate was 92.47%, including 35 431 (41.1%) women and 50 682 (58.9%) men, and the ratio of men to women was 1.43. The mean age was (50.3±12.7) years in all the subjects, and it was (50.2±12.8) years and (50.4±12.5) years in men and women, respectively, and there was no statistical difference between the two genders ( P>0.05). Total of 43 833 people were enrolled in east China, it was the largest group by region (50.90%), it was followed by central China (16 434 people, 19.08%), and the number of people enrolled in Northeast China was the lowest (2 914 people, 3.38%). The rate of completing of health information indicators related to the main outcome of the study were all above 70%, and there were significant differences between men and women (all P<0.05). The mean BMD was (139.33±46.76) mg/cm 3 in women, (135.90±36.48) mg/cm 3 in men, which showed a decreasing trend with age in both gender (both P<0.001); the mean intra-abdominal fat area was (116.39±56.23) cm 2 in women, (191.67±77.07) cm 2 in men, and there was an increasing trend with age in both men and women (both P<0.001). Conclusions:There are gender differences in BMD and VAT measured by QCT with different age tendency, and there are gender differences in health information index. Regional factors should also be taken into account for regional differences in the inclusion of data.

Objective:To investigate the normal reference values of spinal bone mineral density measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and the differences of bone mineral density (BMD) in different regions of in Chinese adult males.Methods:Men who underwent low-dose CT lung scan for cancer screening in regions of Northeast, North, East, South, Central and Southwest of China from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected. And the lumbar vertebrae BMD values in the male subjects were measured by the QCT system (Mindways Software, Inc.). The mean BMD values and their decline rates were calculated at an age interval of 10 years, and the prevalence of osteoporosis was calculated according to the American College of Radiology spine QCT osteoporosis diagnostic criteria.Results:A total of 50 682 males with a mean age of (50.22±12.79) years (ranged 20 to 98 years) were included in this study. The peak BMD of (173.11±28.56) mg/cm 3 in the healthy Chinese adult male population appeared in the age group of 20 to 29 years and then declined with age. Before the age of 70 years, the BMD was relatively higher in males in South China, and it was lower in Central China and Southwest China, and it was intermediate in Northeast, North and East of China, with statistically significant differences. There was no significant differences in BMD in the males in the two age groups of 70 to 79 years and 80 and older among the regions in China. The overall decline rate of spinal BMD in Chinese males under QCT was about 46.92% over the lifetime, and it declined obviouslyin the 40-49 age group. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis in Chinese male population aged 50 years and above was approximately 11.42%, with the highest prevalence in Southwest China and Central China (14.72% and 13.87%, respectively) and the lowest in North China and South China (8.53% and 7.71%, respectively). Conclusions:A reference of lumbar spine BMD values for healthy males in China based on QCT is established. BMD values were highest in South China and Lowest in Central China.

Objective:To establish the normal reference value of lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) under quantitative CT (QCT) in Chinese healthy adult females and to explore the regional differences.Methods:Total of 35 431 healthy women who met the inclusion criteria of Chinese health quantitative CT big data program were selected in this study. The BMD of the central plane of L 1 and L 2 vertebrae was measured by Mindways′s QCT system, and the mean value was taken. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the BMD differences of lumbar vertebrae in women of different ages and regions. The subjects were grouped by an age interval of 10 years, and the level of BMD in different regions of the same age group were compaired. Results:The peak BMD of Chinese healthy adult women appeared in the age group of 20-29 years (Northeast China(183.01±24.58) mg/cm 3, North China (188.93±24.80) mg/cm 3, East China (187.54±27.71) mg/cm 3, South China (186.22±33.72) mg/cm 3, Central China (176.33±24.91) mg/cm 3, Southwest China(182.25±28.00) mg/cm 3), and then it decreased with age. The level of BMD in different regions decreased with the age. Before the age of 70 years, BMD in Central and Southwest China was always at a low level((176.23±24.91) to (90.38±28.12) mg/cm 3, 182.25±28.00 to (88.55±25.68) mg/cm 3), lower than those in Northeast China ((183.01±24.58) to (99.69±27.85) mg/cm 3), North China ((188.93±24.80) to (95.89±26.12) mg/cm 3), East China ((187.54±27.71) to (95.65±27.86) mg/cm 3). After 70 years of age, BMD tended to be the same in different regions ( P>0.05). The BMD values in Central China and Southwest China were similar in the age group of 40-60 years ( P>0.05). The BMD values in the health adult femles in the age group of 60 years in different regions of Chinawere all lower than those of bone mass abnormality (all P<0.05). The detection rate of osteoporosis in females over 50 years was the highest in Southwest China (25.65%) and it was the lowest in North China (17.30%). Conclusions:This study establishes reference values of BMD under QCT in healthy Chinese women, which can be used as a reference basis for identifying women with low BMD who are at risk of osteoporosis. The BMD value is the lowest in Southwest China and the highest in South China.

Objective:To use quantitative computed tomography (QCT) technology to measure the bone mineral density of the spine of the Chinese healthy population, and to explore its correlation with hemoglobin and serum albumin.Methods:The data in this study came from the China Health Quantitative CT Big Data Project (China Biobank). The spine bone density was measured by using QCT Pro Image Analysis System and all cooperating centers used the European spine phantom (NO.145) for quality control. Total of 50 053 healthy persons who met the criteria for entry were selected as the research subjects. The subjects were divided into 7 groups according to age. The general data, spine bone density, serum albumin, hemoglobin of the subjects were collected. The single-factor analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis and multi-classification logistic regression model were applied to analyze the correlation between bone density and hemoglobin and serum albumin.Results:The bone mineral density of healthy people decreased with age ( P<0.05), and there were significant differences in hemoglobin, serum albumin and body mass index (BMI) among different age groups (all P<0.05). Linear correlation analysis showed that there were positive correlation between bone mineral density and hemoglobin in healthy males in different age groups ( r=0.086, 0.101, 0.076, 0.090, 0.072, 0.123, 0.100, all P<0.01). There were negative correlation between bone mineral density and hemoglobin in certain age groups in women (40-49 years group: r=-0.027; 70-79 yearsgroup: r=-0.077; both P<0.05). And corelation were found between bone mineral density and serum levels of albumin in certain age groups of healthy subjects (among men, 30-39 years group: r=-0.048; 40-49 years group, r=-0.027; 70-79 years group, r=-0.051; among women, 30-39 years group: r=-0.044; 40-49 years group, r=-0.042; 50-59 years group, r=-0.086; 70-79 years group, r=-0.070; all P<0.05). After adjusting for age and BMI, the multi-category logistic regression analysis showed that the hemoglobin level was protective factor of normal bone density ( OR=1.022, 95% CI:1.017-1.027) and decreased bone density ( OR=1.012, 95% CI:1.007-1.016) in healthy males, and the serum albumin was risk factor for normal bone density ( OR=0.926, 95% CI:0.905-0.948) and decreased bone density ( OR=1.006, 95% CI:0.951-1.011) in healthy women. Conclusion:There is a correlation between bone mineral density and hemoglobin and serum albumin in Chinese healthy population. Hemoglobin is a protective factor for bone mineral density in men, and serum albumin is a risk factor for bone mineral densityin women.