To investigate the expression and significance of cell surface receptor signaling lymphocyte activation molecule family member 7 (SLAMF7) in normal intestinal tissues and intestinal inflammatory tissues of mice.

Objective:To evaluate the predictive value of anthropometric indicators in predicting cardiovascular risk in the population with metabolic syndrome(MS).Methods:A cross-sectional study was used to analyze the correlation between anthropometric measures and cardiovascular risk in subjects with MS. Cardiometabolic risk was assessed with cardiometabolic risk index(CMRI). Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the predictive power of anthropometric measures for cardiometabolic risk.Results:(1) The anthropometric measures [body mass index(BMI), waist-hip ratio(WHR), waist-to-height ratio(WtHR), body fat percentage(BFP), visceral fat index(VFI), conicity index(CI), a body shape index(ABSI), body roundness index(BRI), abdominal volume index(AVI)] in the MS group were significantly higher than those in the non-MS group( P<0.05). Moreover, there were significant differences in CMRI score and vascular risk between the two groups( P<0.05). (2) Logistic regression analysis showed that the cardiovascular risk was increased with the increases of BMI, VFI, WHR, WtHR, CI, BRI, and AVI after adjusting for confounding factors in the overall population, the non-MS population, and the MS population( P<0.05). (3) In the ROC analysis, the AUC values of BMI, VFI, and AVI were 0.767, 0.734, and 0.770 in the overall population; 0.844, 0.816, and 0.795 in the non-MS population; 0.701, 0.666, and 0.702 in the MS population, respectively. For the overall population and non-MS population, the optimal cut points of BMI to diagnose high cardiovascular risk were 26.04 kg/m 2 and 24.36 kg/m 2; the optimal cut points of VFI were 10.25 and 9.75; the optimal cut points of AVI were 17.3 cm 2 and 15.53 cm 2, respectively. In the MS population, the optimal cut point as a predictor of high cardiovascular risk in young and middle-aged men with MS was 27.63 kg/m 2, and the optimal cut point of AVI in women was 18.08 cm 2. Conclusion:BMI, VFI, and AVI can be used as predictors of cardiovascular risk in the general population. BMI can be used as a predicator of high cardiovascular risk in young and middle-age men with MS. AVI can be used as a predicator of high cardiovascular risk in women with MS.

To investigate the effects of on behavior and blood brain barrier (BBB) in Alzheimer's disease mice. Thirty-eight 4-month-old APP/PS1 double transgenic mice were randomly divided into three groups: model group, low-dose group and high-dose group. Saline, and 12 g·kg·d were given to each group by continuous gavage once a day for respectively. The changes in activities of daily live and fear conditioning memory behavior of mice were examined by nesting behavior test and fear conditioning test, respectively. The β-amyloid protein (Aβ) depositions in cortex and hippocampal CA1 area of mice were detected by thioflavin T staining. The CD34 and activities fibrinogen (Fib) immunofluorescence double staining were used to determine the vascular endothelial integrity and BBB exudation. Compared with model mice, activities of daily live were significantly improved in low-dose and high-dose groups (both <0.01), the fear memory ability was significantly increased in high-dose group (<0.01). The amount of Aβ deposition in cortex and hippocampal CA1 decreased significantly in high-dose group, the area ratio decreased significantly; the area ratio of Aβ deposition in hippocampal CA1 region in low-dose group also decreased (all <0.05). The proportions of CD34 positive area of cortex in low and high dose groups increased, the percentage of fibrinogen positive area decreased (all <0.05). The proportion of CD34 positive area in hippocampal CA1 region in high-dose group was significantly increased, the percentage of fibrinogen positive area decreased significantly (both <0.05). especially high-dose can improve the activities of daily live and fear conditioning memory function of APP/PS1 mice, reduce the deposition of Aβ in brain. The mechanism may be related to the reduction of BBB permeability and the protection of the integrity of BBB.
Alzheimer Disease ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ; Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hippocampus/metabolism* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic

Objective:To compare the differences in the delineation of the gross tumor volume (GTV) and lymph nodes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients using computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 18F-FDG PET/CT), and to investigate the optimal standard uptake value (SUV; relative to the MRI-based delineation) for the automatic delineation of GTV using PET. Methods:A total of 53 NPC patients proposing to receive radiotherapy were selected for this study. The CT, MRI, and PET images of each patient were obtained before radiotherapy. Then GTV and positive lymph nodes were delineated on these three types of images. They were individually named GTV MRI, GTV CT, GTV PET2.5 (SUV=2.5), Lymph MRI, Lymph CT, and Lymph PET2.5 and compared. The GTV ∩2.5 (overlapped GTV) was obtained through the alignment of MRI and PET/CT images. Meanwhile, GTV was delineated on PET images using thresholds of SUV=4.0, 4.5, 5.0, and 5.6, obtaining GTV PET4.0, GTV PET4.5, GTV PET5.0, and GTV PET5.6. Then their volume and Dice similarity coefficients (DSCs) were compared. Results:Compared to GTV MRI, GTV CT decreased by 1.73% ( P>0.05) and GTV PET2.5 increased by 21.34% ( t=-3.52, P < 0.05) in the three types of images. The volume of Lymph PET2.5 was 1.61 and 1.87 times the volume of Lymph MRI and Lymph CT, respectively ( t=-4.12, -5.18; P< 0.05). The volume of high-SUV lymph nodes was 4.07 times the volume of lymph nodes with low SUVs or SUV=0 ( t=5.50, P< 0.05) on PET images. The DSC between GTV PET4.0and GTV MRI was 0.78 ± 0.27, which was lower than that between GTV PET2.5 and GTV MRI (0.84 ± 0.18). However, GTV PET4.0 approximated to GTV ∩2.5 ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared to CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT, MRI shows more accurate boundaries of GTV and lymph nodes. When 18F-FDG PET/CT was adopted to automatically delineate GTV, the GTV delineated using SUV=4.0 was closer to GTV MRI.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of occupational aluminum exposure on the blood of male workers. METHODS: A total of 249 male workers were selected as the research subjects by cluster sampling method in the electrolytic workshop of an aluminum plant. Blood samples were collected for determination of the blood aluminum concentration and blood routine. The subjects were divided into low-, medium-, and high-aluminuml groups based on the tertile of blood aluminum level(P_(33) is 13.9 μg/L, P_(67) is 37.7 μg/L). RESULTS: The red blood cell(RBC) count and hemoglobin level in patients of the high-aluminum group were lower than that of the low-aluminum group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference of the RBC count and hemoglobin level of patients in middle-aluminum group compared with that of the low-and high-aluminum groups(P>0.05). There was no statistical significant difference in white blood cell count and platelet count among the three groups(P>0.05). The results of the generalized linear regression model showed that the higher the blood aluminum level, the lower the RBC count and hemoglobin level of workers(P<0.05) after eliminating confounding factors such as age, length of service, education level, smoking, and drinking. CONCLUSION: Occupational aluminum exposure can cause a decrease of RBC count and hemoglobin level with a dose-effect relationship in workers.

The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B) is activated in hepatocytes in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis. However, the action mechanism of NF-B remains to be established in the hepatic steatosis. In this study, the subunit of NF-B was found to promote the hepatic steatosis through regulation of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) in hepatocytes. The activity was supported by the phenotypes of knockout (-KO) mice and knockout (-KO) mice. Hepatic steatosis was reduced in the -KO mice, but not in the -KO mice. The reduction was a result of inhibition of HDAC1 activity in the -KO cells. Knockdown of gene led to suppression of hepatocyte steatosis in HepG2 cells. A decrease in sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) protein was observed in the liver of -KO mice and in cell with knockdown. The decrease was associated with an increase in succinylation of SREBP1c protein. The study suggests that stabilizes HDAC1 to support the SREBP1c activity in hepatic steatosis in the pathophysiological condition. Interruption of this novel pathway in the -KO, but not the -KO mice, may account for the difference in hepatic phenotypes in the two lines of transgenic mice.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway(UPP) in the degradation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein in aluminum-induced mouse neuroblastoma N2 a cells. METHODS: N2 a cells in logarithmic growth period were randomly divided into control group and MG132 group. Cells in control group were exposed to concentrations of 0 or 1 mmol/L aluminum chloride for 24 hours. Cells in MG132 group were pretreated with MG132 at a concentration of 5 μmol/L for 6 hours, then exposed to concentrations of 0 or 1 mmol/L aluminum chloride for 24 hours. After exposure, the cells were collected. Western blotting was used to detect the relative expression of tau-5, P-tau181, P-tau231, P-tau262, P-tau396, heat shock protein 70(Hsp70) and carboxyl terminus of the Hsp70-interacting protein(CHIP). The ubiquitin relative expression was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The results of factorial analysis showed that the relative expression of tau-5, P-tau231, P-tau262, P-tau396, CHIP, Hsp70 and ubiquitin in N2 a cells were statistically significant in the main effect and interaction effect of aluminum chloride and MG132 treatment(P<0.05). Both in the control group and MG132 group, the relative expression of tau-5, P-tau231, P-tau262, P-tau396, CHIP, Hsp70 and ubiquitin in N2 a cells exposed to 1 mmol/L aluminum chloride increased(P<0.05) when compared with the N2 a cells without exposed to aluminum chloride. No matter aluminum chloride exposed or not, the relative expression of tau-5, P-tau231, P-tau262, P-tau396, CHIP, Hsp70 and ubiquitin in N2 a cells of MG132 group was higher than that of control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: UPP is involved in the regulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein by proteasome degradation in aluminum-induced N2 a cells. UPP mainly regulates P-tau231, P-tau262, and P-tau396 sites. CHIP and Hsp70 played an important role in the UPP pathway.

of NB4 cells at S phase was lower than those in control group (P <0.05),and the number of NB4 cells at G1 phase was increased (P <0.05).The expression levels of Bcl-2 in ICA groups were significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05 ), while the expression levels of Bax were higher than that in control group (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion ICA can induce the apoptosis of NB4 cells via inhibiting the expression level of Bcl-2 and up-regulating the expression level of Bax.

Objective To compare the diagnostic yield of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for solid pancreatic masses performed with three different needle types through the cytological results.Methods All patients with solid pancreatic masses larger than 2cm from December 2010 to May 2011 were enrolled,and divided into two groups according to different access of EUS-FNA,trans-gastric approach with 19-,22-and 25-gauge needles (n =42) and trans-duodenal approach with 22-and 25-gauge needles (n =10).In both groups,EUS-FNA was performed with randomization of needle types.During the puncture,the suction,the number of movements,and the depth of insertion were fixed.At the end of the puncture,a liquid-based cytological (LBC) preparation was used to fix the specimen.One cytopathologists was assigned to make the diagnosis and comparison.Results Technical success was 100％ and no procedure related complications occurred.No statistically significant differences were observed in different needles in terms of all cytological parameters between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).However,the 25-gauge needle showed a trend towards a higher sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy.Conclusion There is no significant difference in yield of cytological results between different needle types,although 25-gauge needle shows a relative superiority.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in combination with flow cytometry (FCM) in lymphoma.Methods From January 2011 to December 2011,the cases of suspicious lymphoma with EUS-FNA examination at Shanghai Ruijin Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The final diagnosis was according to pathological diagnosis of specimen from the surgery and follow up results.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of EUS-FNA combined with FCM in lymphoma diagnosis were initially analyzed.Results A total of 14 suspicious lymphoma patients were collected,eight cases were diagnosed as lymphoma by pathological examination of specimen from the surgery or.tissue from aspiration,four cases were non-lymphoma lesions and two cases still had no final diagnosis.The sensitivity and specificity of FCM alone in lymphoma diagnosis were 4/8 and 4/4 respectively.Six cases of lymphoma were detected by EUS-FNA with FCM.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of EUS FNA combined with FCM were 6/8,6/6 and 10/12 respectively.Conclusion EUS-FNA combined with FCM has better diagnostic value in lymphoma,especially for gastrointestinal lymphoma and those surrounding deep lesions.