Objective To analyze the current situation and factors influencing post-doctoral training in medical colleges and universities in Liaoning.Methods Convenience sampling was used to investigate 716 post-doctoral personnel at post-doctoral mobile stations of four medical colleges and universities in Liaoning.A cross-sectional study was conducted.A general information questionnaire,post-doctoral training questionnaire,interdisciplinary development questionnaire related to post-doctoral training,research burnout questionnaire,and postdoctoral research innovation ability questionnaire were distributed.A total of 780 copies were distributed and 716 copies were collected,with a response rate of 91%.A ttest or one-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences in post-doctoral training scores by age,sex,current status,and post-doctoral training type.Pearson's correlation analysis was used to analyze the scores for interdiscipli-nary development,research burnout,research innovation ability,and post-doctoral training in medical colleges.Indicators with statistical significance(P<0.05)in the single factor and correlation analyses were included in the multifactorial analysis of the factors influencing post-doctoral training.Results The score of post-doctoral training in medical colleges and universities in Liaoning(184.859±21.908)were at a high level.The results of the univariate analysis showed that the scores of post-doctoral training were statistically signifi-cant differences for the indicators of perceptions of post-doctoral status,reasons for joining the station,knowledge of post-doctoral training related policies,consistency of post-doctoral experience with initial expectations,satisfaction with post-doctoral work,and whether the research during the post-doctoral training had a disciplinary crossover nature(all P<0.05).The results of the correlation analysis showed that the interdisciplinary development scores,research burnout score,and research innovation ability score were positively correlated with post-doctoral training scores(all P<0.001).The results of the multifactorial analysis showed that consistency between experience and expectations(i.e.,relatively consistent,average,not very consistent,not consistent at all),job satisfaction(i.e.,unchanged,slightly improved,significantly improved),knowledge of relevant policies(no knowledge at all),interdisciplinary development,and research burnout were influential factors for post-doctoral training(all P<0.05).Conclusion The management of post-doctoral training in medi-cal colleges and universities in Liaoning is moderately high level,but there are still some problems.Relevant management methods and strategies should be established to alleviate post-doctoral research burnout,improve the level of cross-disciplinary development,and pro-mote the cultivation of research and innovation abilities to strengthen the cultivation of a first-class medical talent team.