In order to clarify the effects of drought stress training on the quality and drought resistance of Codonopsis pilosula, this study used PEG to simulate drought stress and employed potting with water control for the drought stress training of C. pilosula plants. The polysaccharide content, secondary metabolites, antioxidant system, and photosynthetic pigment system of C. pilosula after drought stress training were analyzed. The results showed that the content of fructans in the root of C. pilosula increased after two rounds of drought stress treatment, and it was significantly higher than that of the control group. The accumulation of fructans in the root of C. pilosula showed an upward trend during the rehydration treatment. The content of lobetyolin and tangshenoside Ⅰ increased after drought stress treatment compared with that of the control group. The rehydration treatment caused first increasing and then decreasing in the content of lobetyolin, while it had no significant effect on the tangshenoside Ⅰcontent. The content of photosynthetic pigments decreased after drought stress treatment, and it gradually increased during the first round of rehydration and the second round of rehydration. Moreover, the increase was faster in the second round of rehydration than in the first round of rehydration. The content of the peroxidation product malondialdehyde(MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD), and catalase(CAT) increased after drought stress treatment compared with those of the control group, and they showed a tendency of decreasing during rehydration. Moreover, the decrease was faster in the second round of rehydration than in the first round of rehydration. When the plants of C. pilosula after drought stress training were again subjected to severe drought stress, the wilting rate decreased significantly, and the biomass increases significantly. This study showed that the drought stress training could promote the accumulation of polysaccharides and secondary metabolites in the root of C. pilosula. When encountering drought stress again, C. pilosula plants could quickly regulate the antioxidant system and delay the decomposition of chlorophyll to respond to drought stress. The findings provide a theoretical basis for the ecological cultivation of C. pilosula in arid and semi-arid areas.
Codonopsis/growth & development* ; Droughts ; Polysaccharides/metabolism* ; Stress, Physiological ; Water/metabolism* ; Antioxidants/metabolism* ; Photosynthesis ; Drought Resistance

Objective To compare the differences in the clinical application of Sijunzi Decoction,a classical formula for tonifying qi,in ancient and modern literature,so as to provide a reference for its clinical application and research and development.Methods The clinical application of Sijunzi Decoction in ancient times was analyzed by retrieving the database of Zhong Hua Yi Dian(Collection of Traditional Chinese Medical Books),and the clinical application of Sijunzi Decoction in modern times was analyzed by retrieving the database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).Results In the record of ancient traditional Chinese medicine books,Sijunzi Decoction was indicated for the syndromes characterized by the pathogenesis of"deficiency of nutrient qi and defensive qi,and weakness of zang-fu organs",and was widely used to treat various diseases related to internal medicine,surgery,gynecology and pediatrics,including dysentery,consumptive disease,diarrhea,jaundice,smallpox,metrorrhagia and carbuncle.Moreover,Sijunzi Decoction was used for the management of patients who was weakness due to chronic diseases,elderly and insufficiency of qi,or at the late stage of exogenous cold disease,cholera,and malaria.In the modern clinical practice,Sijunzi Decoction was indicated for digestive system diseases,surgical diseases,tumor-related diseases,pediatric diseases,gynecological diseases,respiratory diseases and hepatobiliary diseases,in particular for chronic gastritis,adverse reactions related to radiotherapy and chemotherapy for tumors,postoperative period of cancer and diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.Conclusion The analysis of ancient and modern literatures indicated that the indications of Sijunzi Decoction is expanded from the predominated spleen-stomach system diseases(digestive system diseases)in antient times to multiple system diseases such as surgical diseases,tumor-related diseases,pediatric diseases,gynecological diseases,respiratory diseases and hepatobiliary diseases in modern times.And the pathogenesis of the indications of Sijunzi Decoction is characterized by the"deficiency of nutrient qi and defensive qi,and weakness of the zang-fu organs".

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression pattern and clinical significance of Integral membrane protein 2A（ITM2A） in drug resistant patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). METHODS: The expression of ITM2A in CML was evaluated by qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunocytochemistry. In order to understand the possible biological effects of ITM2A, apoptosis, cell cycle and myeloid differentiation antigen expression of CML cells were detected by flow cytometry after over-expression of ITM2A. The nuderlying molecular mechanism of its biological effect was explored. RESULTS: The expression of ITM2A in bone marrow of CML resistant patients was significantly lower than that of sensitive patients and healthy donors（P<0.05）. The CML resistant strain cell K562R was successfully constructed in vitro. The expression of ITM2A in the resistant strain was significantly lower than that in the sensitive strain(P<0.05). Overexpression of ITM2A in K562R cells increased the sensitivity of K562R cells to imatinib and blocked the cell cycle in G₂ phase(P<0.05), but did not affect myeloid differentiation. Mechanistically, up-regulation of ITM2A reduced phosphorylation in ERK signaling (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The expression of ITM2A was low in patients with drug resistance of CML, and the low expression of ITM2A may be the key factor of imatinib resistance in CML.
Humans ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology* ; Apoptosis ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use* ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy* ; Signal Transduction

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of antibody-specific distribution, laboratory detection results of hemolytic disease of the fetus and neonatal(HDFN) caused by irregular blood group antibodies other than ABO, and its correlation with the clinical situation. METHODS: The non-ABO-HDFN cases in our hospital from October 2012 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects, and the cases diagnosed with ABO-HDFN in the same period were randomly selected as the control group, and the data of antibody specific distribution, total bilirubin, direct antibodies, maternal history, age of the children, the presence or absence of combined ABO-HDFN, and whether to exchange/transfuse blood were retrospectively analyzed. The characteristics of non-ABO-HDFN in Jiangxi province were analyzed. RESULTS: The detection rate of non-ABO-HDFN in Jiangxi province increased. Among 187 non ABO-HDFN cases, the highest percentage of Rh-HDFN was detected (94.6%). Compared with the control group of ABO-HDFN, the non-ABO-HDFN had higher mean integral value of direct antibody, higher peak total bilirubin, and longer duration. Anti-M-HDFN may have severe disease but the direct antibody weak positive/negative, it was easy missed in clinical and delayed the treatment. There is no correlation between the specificity of irregular antibodies, the sex of the child, the mother's previous childbirth history, the presence or absence of combined ABO-HDFN and the need for blood exchange/transfusion(P>0.05). CONCLUSION The irregular antibodies of causing non ABO-HDFN in Jiangxi area are mainly Rh blood group system, followed by MNS blood group system. Understanding the characteristics of HDFN disease, serological features and the correlation with clinical indexes will help to detect and treat non ABO-HDFN in time and reduce the risk of complications.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; ABO Blood-Group System ; Blood Group Antigens ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; Fetus ; Hematologic Diseases/complications* ; Hemolysis ; Isoantibodies ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily explore the applicable scenarios of an intraoral camera to assist oral anatomical landmarks recognition, so as to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment mode, cultivate the concept of caring for patients, strengthen doctor-patient communication, assist experts to teach, and improve the clinical diagnosis and efficacy rate. METHODS: A new type of an intraoral camera was applied in the recognition of oral anatomy landmarks and four application scenarios were developed, namely: (1) clinical diagnosis and treatment scenarios, in which doctors used intraoral camera to conduct a comprehensive examination of patients in the mouth and take videos and photos; (2) doctor-patient communication scenarios, when the doctor told the patient about the treatment plan, the video or photo taken by the intraoral camera was displayed to the patient; (3) expert teaching scenarios, when the expert used an intraoral camera to teach in the patient's mouth, and the young doctor learned oral anatomical signs on the projection screen, with the study of theoretical lessons; (4) difficult case recording scenarios, in the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment, when encountering difficult cases, you could use intraoral camera to record and take photos for young doctors to discuss, and experts to comment and guide. RESULTS: The application of intraoral camera could: (1) improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment mode and raise the clinical diagnosis and efficacy rate; (2) stimulate young doctors' interest in learning, use intraoral camera in assessments, and skillfully combine theoretical knowledge of anatomical landmarks with clinical practice, so as to improve the teaching effect; (3) cultivate, through self or mutual use, the concept of caring for patients and reinforce the importance of gentle operation; (4) strengthen doctor-patient communication. Doctors could communicate with patients more visually, so that the patients could better understand their own situation, and strengthen the patients' trust in the doctors. CONCLUSION Intraoral camera can assist oral clinical diagnosis and treatment, such as the recognition of oral anatomical landmarks. It plays a certain role in promoting the improvement of clinical diagnosis and treatment mode, stimulating learning interest, cultivating the concept of caring for patients, and enhancing doctor-patient communication.
Humans ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Physicians ; Communication ; Mouth ; Learning

Objective: To analyze and compare therapy responses, outcomes, and incidence of severe hematologic adverse events of flumatinib and imatinib in patients newly diagnosed with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) . Methods: Data of patients with chronic phase CML diagnosed between January 2006 and November 2022 from 76 centers, aged ≥18 years, and received initial flumatinib or imatinib therapy within 6 months after diagnosis in China were retrospectively interrogated. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to reduce the bias of the initial TKI selection, and the therapy responses and outcomes of patients receiving initial flumatinib or imatinib therapy were compared. Results: A total of 4 833 adult patients with CML receiving initial imatinib (n=4 380) or flumatinib (n=453) therapy were included in the study. In the imatinib cohort, the median follow-up time was 54 [interquartile range (IQR), 31-85] months, and the 7-year cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) were 95.2%, 88.4%, 78.3%, and 63.0%, respectively. The 7-year FFS, PFS, and OS rates were 71.8%, 93.0%, and 96.9%, respectively. With the median follow-up of 18 (IQR, 13-25) months in the flumatinib cohort, the 2-year cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) were 95.4%, 86.5%, 58.4%, and 46.6%, respectively. The 2-year FFS, PFS, and OS rates were 80.1%, 95.0%, and 99.5%, respectively. The PSM analysis indicated that patients receiving initial flumatinib therapy had significantly higher cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) and higher probabilities of FFS than those receiving the initial imatinib therapy (all P<0.001), whereas the PFS (P=0.230) and OS (P=0.268) were comparable between the two cohorts. The incidence of severe hematologic adverse events (grade≥Ⅲ) was comparable in the two cohorts. Conclusion: Patients receiving initial flumatinib therapy had higher cumulative incidences of therapy responses and higher probability of FFS than those receiving initial imatinib therapy, whereas the incidence of severe hematologic adverse events was comparable between the two cohorts.
Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Imatinib Mesylate/adverse effects* ; Incidence ; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Pyrimidines/adverse effects* ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; Benzamides/adverse effects* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/drug therapy* ; Aminopyridines/therapeutic use* ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use*

M protein is often expressed in multiple myeloma and also can be detected in several lymphoma such as Waldenstrm macroglobulinaemia. M protein level can reflect the malignant degree and even genetic abnormality of multiple myeloma and lymphoma to some extent to predict the progress of the diseases, and the therapeutic response and prognosis of the disease can be evaluated by monitoring the M protein level and its change degree. This article reviews the role of M protein in the progression and prognosis of multiple myeloma and lymphoma, and discusses the differences in M protein expression between multiple myeloma and lymphoma, in order to provide new insights for clinical diagnosis, monitoring and evaluation of therapeutic effect.
Humans ; Lymphoma ; Multiple Myeloma/pathology* ; Prognosis ; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia/pathology*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ABO gene α-1,3-D galactosyl transferase mutation on B antigen expression and its molecular mechanism. METHODS: The proband and their family members were identified by routine serological methods, and ABO genotyping and sequence analysis were performed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specificity (PCR-SSP) and direct sequencing of PCR products from exon 1-7 of ABO gene. The 3D structural simulation of mutant proteins was performed by bioinformatics software. The effect of gene mutation on protein structural stability was analyzed. RESULTS: The proband and his family members were subtype B. ABO genotyping indicated that the proband's genotype was Bw12/O. Gene sequencing results confirmed the presence of ABO*BW.12 characteristic variation c.278C>T in the 6th exon of allele B, leading to the replacement of polypeptide chain p.Pro93Leu. The 3D structure simulation analysis of the protein showed that the hydrogen bonds and water molecules connected to the protein changed after amino acid substitution. The family investigation found that the grandfather, father, uncle and brother of the proband all carried the same ABO*BW.12 allele. CONCLUSION The mutation of the 6th exon c.278C>T of ABO gene led to the substitution of polypeptide chain amino acids, which affected the stability of α-1,3-D galactosyl transferase protein, resulting in the change of enzyme activity, and the Bw.12 phenotype, which can be stably inherited.
ABO Blood-Group System/genetics* ; Alleles ; Amino Acids/genetics* ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Exons ; Genotype ; Male ; Mutant Proteins/genetics* ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Water

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between different body mass index (BMI) and prognosis of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). METHODS: The clinical characteristics and biological indices of 108 patients with MCL treated in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the effects of different BMI on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. The correlation between BMI and B symptoms, LDH and Ki-67 was further observed. Furthermore，the differences of BMI between Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(Auto-PBSCT) and conventional chemotherapy groups were explored. RESULTS: Among 108 patients, the median age at diagnosis was 59（25-79） years old, and the male to female ratio was 4.4∶1. 88.89% of patients with Ann Arbor staging III-IV, 63.89% with bone marrow involvement, and 49.07% with splenic infiltration. Patients with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m² were divided into two groups: the high BMI group and the low BMI group. The 5-year PFS and OS of patients in the low BMI group were 31.9% and 47.0%, respectively, while those in the high BMI group were 64.6% and 68.7%, respectively. The incidence of death in the high BMI group was lower than that of the low BMI group (P＜0.01). In multivariate analysis, BMI was an independent predictor of PFS (HR=0.282; 95% CI: 0.122-0.651; P=0.003) and an independent predictor of OS (HR=0.299; 95% CI: 0.129-0.693; P=0.005). Also, patients with B symptoms had a lower BMI than those without B symptoms (P=0.01), but BMI had no effect on patients' LDH and Ki-67. The prognosis of 16 patients treated with Auto-PBSCT was significantly better than that of the conventional chemotherapy group. There was no significant difference in BMI between Auto-PBSCT group and conventional chemotherapy group. CONCLUSION BMI is an independent prognostic factor for PFS and OS in MCL, and may be influenced by the effect of B symptoms on BMI.
Adult ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/therapy* ; Body Mass Index ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Retrospective Studies ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVE: To explore the molecular biology of D variant blood group with RHD*95A genotype and the genetic mechanism of its generation. METHODS: A total of 6 samples from 3 generations of a family were analyzed. RHD blood group was identified by saline test tube and microcolumn gel card method. 10 exons of RHD gene were amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Sequence Specific Primer (PCR-SSP) and analyzed by direct sequencing. Homology modeling was used to compare the structural differences between mutant RHD protein and wild-type RHD protein. RESULTS: The proband was identified as D variant by serological identification, RHD gene sequencing directly detected a c. 95 c > A mutation in exon 1 that leads to encoding the 32-bit amino acids by threonine Thr (T) into aspartic acid Asn (N), the rest of the exon sequences were normal compared with the normal RHD*01 gene. In the family, the proband's father, grandmather and uncle were all carried the same RHD*95A allele. Protein modeling results suggested that the hydrogen chain connected to the 32nd amino acid residue was changed after p.T32N mutation, which affected the structural stability of RHD protein. CONCLUSION The first genetic lineage of the RHD*95A gene was identified in a Chinese population. The c.95C>A mutation in RHD gene was found in the family, which resulted in reduced expression of RHD antigen and showed D variant, the mutation could be stably inheritable. Gene identification and protein structure analysis of D variant population is helpful to explore the molecular mechanism of its formation and ensure the safety of blood transfusion.
Humans ; Blood Group Antigens